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This invention provides a method of inactivating human noroviruses and other acid stable viruses. The method includes the step of contacting the virus with a virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition that includes an alcohol, and an enhancer selected from cationic oligomers and polymers, chaotropic

This invention provides a method of inactivating human noroviruses and other acid stable viruses. The method includes the step of contacting the virus with a virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition that includes an alcohol, and an enhancer selected from cationic oligomers and polymers, chaotropic agents, and mixtures thereof.

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1. A method of inactivating acid stable non-enveloped virus particles, the method comprising: contacting acid stable non-enveloped virus particles with a virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition comprising at least about 50 percent by weight of a C1-6 alcohol, based upon the total weight of the al

1. A method of inactivating acid stable non-enveloped virus particles, the method comprising: contacting acid stable non-enveloped virus particles with a virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition comprising at least about 50 percent by weight of a C1-6 alcohol, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, and an efficacy-enhancing amount of one or more enhancers selected from the group consisting of cationic oligomers and polymers, chaotropic agents, and mixtures thereof, with the proviso that when the alcoholic composition comprises at least one cationic oligomer or polymer, the composition further comprises at least one enhancer selected from the group consisting of chaotropic agents, zinc compounds, and copper compounds, wherein said chaotropic agent comprises urea, thiourea, guanidine HC1, guanidine thiocyanate, aminoguanidine HC1, aminoguanidine bicarbonate, guanidine carbonate, guanidine phosphate, or mixtures thereof. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles comprise human norovirus particles. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said composition comprises from about 0.02 to about 20 percent by weight of a cationic oligomer or polymer, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said cationic oligomer or polymer comprises a cationic polysaccharide, cationic copolymer of saccharide and a synthetic cationic monomer, cationic polyalkylene imines, cationic ethoxy polyalkylene imines, cationic poly[N-[3-(dialkylammonio)alkyl]N′[3-(alkyleneoxyalkylene dialkylammonio)alkyl]urea dichloride], vinyl caprolactam/VP/dialkylaminoalkyl alkylate copolymers, polyquaternium polymers or mixtures thereof. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said cationic oligomer or polymer includes polyquaternium-2, polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-16, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-24, polyquaternium-28, polyquaternium-32, polyquaternium-37, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-42, polyquaternium-43, polyquaternium-44, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium-47, polyquaternium-51, polyquaternium-53, polyquaternium-55, polyquaternium-57, polyquaternium-58, polyquaternium-59, polyquaternium-60, polyquaternium-63, polyquaternium-64, polyquaternium-65, polyquaternium-68, or mixtures thereof. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein said cationic oligomer or polymer is characterized by a charge density of at least about 0.1 meq/g. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein said composition comprises a C1-6 alcohol, a cationic oligomer or polymer, and a chaotropic agent. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein said composition comprises from about 0.25 to about 20 percent by weight chaotropic agent, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein said composition comprises a zinc or copper compound. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein said composition comprises at least about 0.001 percent by weight of a zinc or copper compound, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein said composition comprises from about 0.0001 to about 0.8 percent by weight of a zinc or copper compound, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, and less than about 0.05 percent by weight acid. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein said composition comprises aluminum zinc oxide, ammonium silver zinc aluminum silicate, ethylene/zinc acrylate copolymer, lactobacillus/milk/calcium/phosphorus/magnesium/zinc ferment, lactobacillus/milk/manganese/zinc ferment lysate, luminescent zinc sulfide, magnesium/aluminum/zinc/hydroxide/carbonate, porphyridium/zinc ferment, saccharomyces/zinc ferment, saccharomyces/zinc/iron/germanium/copper/magnesium/silicon ferment, saccharomyces/zinc/magnesium/calcium/germanium/selenium ferment, silicon/titanium/cerium/zinc oxides, sodium zinc cetyl phosphate, sodium zinc histidine dithiooctanamide, zinc acetate, zinc acetylmethionate, zinc adenosine triphosphate, zinc ascorbate, zinc aspartate, zinc borate, zinc borosilicate, zinc carbonate, zinc carbonate hydroxide, zinc cerium oxide, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc coceth sulfate, zinc coco-sulfate, zinc cysteinate, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc DNA, zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate, zinc glucoheptonate, zinc gluconate, zinc glutamate, zinc glycinate, zinc glycyrrhetinate, zinc hexametaphosphate, zinc hydrolyzed collagen, zinc lactate, zinc laurate, zinc magnesium aspartate, zinc myristate, zinc neodecanoate, zinc oxide, zinc palmitate, zinc PCA, zinc pentadecene tricarboxylate, zinc peroxide, zinc phenolsulfonate, zinc picolinate, zinc pyrithione, zinc ricinoleate, zinc rosinate, zinc salicylate, zinc silicates, zinc stearate, zinc sulfate, zinc sulfide, zinc thio salicylate, zinc undecylenate, zinc undecylenoyl hydrolyized wheat protein, and zinc zeolite, or mixture thereof. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein said composition comprises copper sulfate, copper citrate, copper oxylate, copper usnate, copper acetate, copper chloride, copper carbonate, alanine/histidine/lysine polypeptide copper HCl, bis(tripeptide-1) copper acetate, chlorophyllin-copper complex, copper acetylmethionate, copper acetyl tyrosinate methylsilano, copper adenosine triphosphate, copper aspartate, copper chlorophyll, copper DNA, copper gluconate, copper PCA, copper PCA methylsilanol, copper picolinate, copper powder, copper sulfate, copper tripeptide-1, disodium EDTA-copper, saccharomyces/copper ferment, saccharomyces/copper ferment lysate filtrate, saccharomyces/zinc/iron/germanium/copper/magnesium/silicon ferment, and silver copper zeolite, or a mixture thereof. 14. The method of claim 1, where the composition comprises from about 50 to about 98 wt. % ethanol, from about 0.02 to about 20 wt. % polyquaternium-37, and from about 0.0001 to about 0.8 wt. % copper gluconate, all based upon the total weight of the antiviral composition. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein said method exhibits an increased log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles, when compared to the log reduction of a composition comprising the same amount of said C1-6 alcohol, and less than an efficacy-enhancing amount of said enhancer. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein said method exhibits at least a 1 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein said method exhibits at least a 2 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein said method exhibits at least a 3 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 19. A method of producing a topical virucidal effect on mammalian skin against an acid stable non-enveloped virus by applying a virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition comprising from about 50 weight percent to about 98 weight percent of a C1-6 alcohol, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, and an efficacy-enhancing amount of one or more enhancers selected from the group consisting of cationic oligomers and polymers, chaotropic agents, and mixtures thereof, with the proviso that when the alcoholic composition comprises at least one cationic oligomer or polymer, the composition further comprises at least one enhancer selected from the group consisting of chaotropic agents, zinc compounds, and copper compounds, wherein said chaotropic agent comprises urea, thiourea, guanidine HC1, guanidine thiocyanate, aminoguanidine HC1, aminoguanidine bicarbonate, guanidine carbonate, guanidine phosphate, or mixtures thereof. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein said acid stable non-enveloped virus comprises a human norovirus. 21. The method of claim 19, wherein said composition comprises from about 0.02 to about 20 percent by weight of a cationic oligomer or polymer, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition. 22. The method of claim 19, wherein said cationic oligomer or polymer comprises a cationic polysaccharide, cationic copolymer of saccharide and a synthetic cationic monomer, cationic polyalkylene imines, cationic ethoxy polyalkylene imines, cationic poly[N-[3-(dialkylammonio)alkyl]N′[3-(alkyleneoxyalkylene dialkylammonio)alkyl]urea dichloride], vinyl caprolactam/VP/dialkylaminoalkyl alkylate copolymers, polyquaternium polymers or mixtures thereof. 23. The method of claim 19, wherein said cationic oligomer or polymer includes polyquaternium-2, polyquaternium-4, polyquaternium-5, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium-10, polyquaternium-11, polyquaternium-16, polyquaternium-22, polyquaternium-24, polyquaternium-28, polyquaternium-32, polyquaternium-37, polyquaternium-39, polyquaternium-42, polyquaternium-43, polyquaternium-44, polyquaternium-46, polyquaternium-47, polyquaternium-51, polyquaternium-53, polyquaternium-55, polyquaternium-57, polyquaternium-58, polyquaternium-59, polyquaternium-60, polyquaternium-63, polyquaternium-64, polyquaternium-65, polyquaternium-68, or mixtures thereof. 24. The method of claim 19, wherein said cationic oligomer or polymer is characterized by a charge density of at least about 0.1 meq/g. 25. The method of claim 19, wherein said composition comprises a C1-6 alcohol, a cationic oligomer or polymer, and a synergistic amount of a zinc or copper compound. 26. The method of claim 19, where the composition comprises from about 50 to about 98 wt. % ethanol, from about 0.02 to about 20 wt. % cationic oligomer or polymer, and from about 0.0001 to about 0.8 wt. % copper or zinc compound, all based upon the total weight of the antiviral composition. 27. The method of claim 25, wherein said composition further comprises aluminum zinc oxide, ammonium silver zinc aluminum silicate, ethylene/zinc acrylate copolymer, lactobacillus/milk/calcium/phosphorus/magnesium/zinc ferment, lactobacillus/milk/manganese/zinc ferment lysate, luminescent zinc sulfide, magnesium/aluminum/zinc/hydroxide/carbonate, porphyridium/zinc ferment, saccharomyces/zinc ferment, saccharomyces/zinc/iron/germanium/copper/magnesium/silicon ferment, saccharomyces/zinc/magnesium/calcium/germanium/selenium ferment, silicon/titanium/cerium/zinc oxides, sodium zinc cetyl phosphate, sodium zinc histidine dithiooctanamide, zinc acetate, zinc acetylmethionate, zinc adenosine triphosphate, zinc ascorbate, zinc aspartate, zinc borate, zinc borosilicate, zinc carbonate, zinc carbonate hydroxide, zinc cerium oxide, zinc chloride, zinc citrate, zinc coceth sulfate, zinc coco-sulfate, zinc cysteinate, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc DNA, zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate, zinc glucoheptonate, zinc gluconate, zinc glutamate, zinc glycinate, zinc glycyrrhetinate, zinc hexametaphosphate, zinc hydrolyzed collagen, zinc lactate, zinc laurate, zinc magnesium aspartate, zinc myristate, zinc neodecanoate, zinc oxide, zinc palmitate, zinc PCA, zinc pentadecene tricarboxylate, zinc peroxide, zinc phenolsulfonate, zinc picolinate, zinc pyrithione, zinc ricinoleate, zinc rosinate, zinc salicylate, zinc silicates, zinc stearate, zinc sulfate, zinc sulfide, zinc thio salicylate, zinc undecylenate, zinc undecylenoyl hydrolyized wheat protein, and zinc zeolite, or mixture thereof. 28. The method of claim 25, wherein said composition further comprises copper sulfate, copper citrate, copper oxylate, copper usnate, copper acetate, copper chloride, copper carbonate, alanine/histidine/lysine polypeptide copper HCl, bis(tripeptide-1) copper acetate, chlorophyllin-copper complex, copper acetylmethionate, copper acetyl tyrosinate methylsilano, copper adenosine triphosphate, copper aspartate, copper chlorophyll, copper DNA, copper gluconate, copper PCA, copper PCA methylsilanol, copper picolinate, copper powder, copper sulfate, copper tripeptide-1, disodium EDTA-copper, saccharomyces/copper ferment, saccharomyces/copper ferment lysate filtrate, saccharomyces/zinc/iron/germanium/copper/magnesium/silicon ferment, and silver copper zeolite, or a mixture thereof. 29. The method of claim 25, wherein said zinc or copper compound includes zinc gluconate or copper gluconate. 30. The method of claim 19, where the composition comprises from about 50 to about 98 wt. % ethanol, from about 0.02 to about 20 wt. % polyquaternium-37, and from about 0.0001 to about 0.8 wt. % copper gluconate, all based upon the total weight of the antiviral composition. 31. The method of claim 19, wherein said composition comprises at least about 10 ppm of one or more of zinc or copper, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, and less than about 0.05 wt. % acid. 32. The method of claim 19, wherein said composition comprises C1-6 alcohol, a cationic oligomer or polymer, and a chaotropic agent. 33. The method of claim 19, wherein said composition comprises from about 0.25 to about 20 percent by weight chaotropic agent, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition. 34. The method of claim 19, wherein said composition further comprises a proton donor selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, boric acid, sulfuric acid, adipic acid, benzene 1,3,5 tricarboxylic acid, chlorosuccinic acid, choline chloride, cis-aconitic acid, citramalic acid, citric acid, cyclobutane 1,1,3,3 tetracarboxylic acid, cyclohexane 1,2,4,5 tetracarboxylic acid, cyclopentane 1,2,3,4 tetracarboxylic acid, diglycolic acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, glutaric acid, glyoxylic acid, isocitric acid, ketomalonic acid, lactic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxalacetic acid, oxalic acid, phytic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, tartronic acid, tetrahydrofuran 2,3,4,5 tetracarboxylic acid, tricarballylic acid, versene acids, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, 2-hydroxypropane 1,3 dicarboxylic acid, glyceric acid, furan 2,5 dicarboxylic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2,5 dicarboxylic acid, 3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, 2-oxo-glutaric acid, dl-glyceric acid, 2,5 furandicarboxylic acid, and mixtures thereof. 35. The method of claim 19, wherein said method exhibits an increased log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles, when compared to the log reduction of a composition comprising the same amount of said C1-6 alcohol, and less than an efficacy-enhancing amount of said enhancer. 36. The method of claim 19, wherein said method exhibits at least a 1 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 37. The method of claim 19, wherein said method exhibits at least a 2 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 38. The method of claim 19, wherein said method exhibits at least a 3 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 39. A method of inactivating human norovirus particles, the method comprising: contacting human norovirus particles with a wipe containing a virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition comprising at least about 50 percent by weight of a C1-6 alcohol, based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, and an efficacy-enhancing amount of one or more enhancers selected from the group consisting of cationic oligomers and polymers, chaotropic agents, and mixtures thereof, with the proviso that when the alcoholic composition comprises at least one cationic oligomer or polymer, the composition further comprises at least one enhancer selected from the group consisting of chaotropic agents, zinc compounds, and copper compounds, and wherein said virucidal composition exhibits an efficacy against human noroviruses that is higher than the efficacy of the same composition but not comprising said enhancer, wherein said chaotropic agent comprises urea, thiourea, guanidine HC1, guanidine thiocyanate, aminoguanidine HC1, aminoguanidine bicarbonate, guanidine carbonate, guanidine phosphate, or mixtures thereof. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein said virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition comprises at least 50 percent by weight of a C1-6 alcohol, from about 0.02 to about 20 percent by weight of a polyquaternium polymer, from about 0.0001 to about 0.8 percent by weight of a zinc or copper compound, and less than about 0.05 percent by weight of acid, all based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, and wherein said method exhibits a synergistically enhanced efficacy against non-enveloped virus particles when compared to the efficacy of alcohol. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein said method exhibits at least a 1 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 42. A method of inactivating acid stable non-enveloped virus particles, the method comprising: contacting acid stable non-enveloped virus particles with a virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition comprising at least 50 percent by weight of a C1-6 alcohol, from about 0.02 to about 20 percent by weight of a polyquaternium polymer, from about 0.0001 to about 0.8 percent by weight of a zinc or copper compound, and less than about 0.05 percent by weight of acid, all based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, wherein said method exhibits a synergistically enhanced efficacy against non-enveloped virus particles when compared to the efficacy of alcohol. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein said method exhibits at least a 1 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less. 44. The method of claim 19, wherein said virucidally-enhanced alcoholic composition comprises at least 50 percent by weight of a C1-6 alcohol, from about 0.02 to about 20 percent by weight of a polyquaternium polymer, from about 0.0001 to about 0.8 percent by weight of a zinc or copper compound, and less than about 0.05 percent by weight of acid, all based upon the total weight of the alcoholic composition, and wherein said method exhibits a synergistically enhanced efficacy against non-enveloped virus particles when compared to the efficacy of alcohol. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein said method exhibits at least a 1 log reduction against said acid stable non-enveloped virus particles in 60 seconds or less.