초록 ▼

An abrasive cutting or drilling system, apparatus and method, which includes an upstream supercritical fluid and/or liquid carrier fluid, abrasive particles, a nozzle and a gaseous or low-density supercritical fluid exhaust abrasive stream. The nozzle includes a throat section and, optionally, a con

An abrasive cutting or drilling system, apparatus and method, which includes an upstream supercritical fluid and/or liquid carrier fluid, abrasive particles, a nozzle and a gaseous or low-density supercritical fluid exhaust abrasive stream. The nozzle includes a throat section and, optionally, a converging inlet section, a divergent discharge section, and a feed section.

대표청구항 ▼

1. An apparatus for cutting or drilling by means of a gas-carrying or low-density fluid-carrying abrasive jet stream containing abrasive particles, said apparatus comprising: an abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid under predetermined pressure and temperature;a nozzle

1. An apparatus for cutting or drilling by means of a gas-carrying or low-density fluid-carrying abrasive jet stream containing abrasive particles, said apparatus comprising: an abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid under predetermined pressure and temperature;a nozzle having an inlet converging conic section for admitting said abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid under predetermined pressure and temperature and for increasing the velocity of said abrasives and fluids;said nozzle having a narrow diameter aperture throat section to accelerate the velocity of said abrasive particles;said nozzle having a diverging conic discharging section, whereby said primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid expands into its gas carrying or low-density phase; andwherein said inlet converging conic section leads to said narrow diameter aperture throat section, which further leads to said diverging conic discharging section. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 including a feeding section in advance of the inlet converging section of the nozzle having a plurality of blades or vanes at pre-arranged angles to induce a spinning motion to the primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid and abrasives. 3. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a feeding section with a plurality of diverting blades or vanes in a predetermined orientation, wherein one end of said feeding section is in contact with said inlet section of said nozzle. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid is chosen from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, propane, butane, freon, and methane. 5. The apparatus of claim 1 including a plurality of said nozzles arrayed on a single head. 6. An apparatus for cutting or drilling by means of a gas-carrying or low density fluid-carrying abrasive jet stream containing abrasive particles, said apparatus comprising: an abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density super critical fluid under predetermined pressure and temperature;an inlet converging conic section for admitting said abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid under predetermined pressure and temperature and for increasing the velocity of said abrasives and fluids;a narrow diameter aperture in fluid communication with said inlet converging conic section to accelerate the velocity of said abrasive particles;a diverging conic discharging section in fluid communication with said narrow diameter aperture, whereby said primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid begins to expand into its gas carrying or low-density phase. 7. An apparatus of claim 6 including a feeding section in advance of the inlet converging section of the nozzle, said feeding section having a plurality of blades or vanes at pre-arranged angles to induce a spinning motion to the primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid and abrasives. 8. A method for drilling and cutting comprising the steps of: providing an abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid under predetermined pressure and temperature, wherein said abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid comprises a suspension of said abrasive particles in said abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid;imparting a spinning motion to the combination of primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid and abrasives in advance of the inlet converging section;delivering said abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid to a nozzle;increasing velocity of said abrasive-laden primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid as it passes through a flow-restriction in said nozzle;beginning expansion of said primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid into its gaseous or low-density state as it passes through said nozzle;transferring kinetic energy from said expanding fluid to said abrasive particles to accelerate velocity of said particles; anddischarging a gas-carrying or low-density supercritical fluid-carrying abrasive jet stream containing abrasive particles from said nozzle. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein said primarily liquid or high density supercritical fluid is chosen from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, propane, butane, freon, and methane. 10. The method of claim 8 including the additional step of introducing an additive to the liquid or high density supercritical fluid and abrasives prior to delivering to the nozzle.