The present invention is generally directed to methods for processing lignin-containing biomass so as to render it more amenable to hydroprocessing, wherein such processing typically reduces the level of oxygen in the biomass. Following such processing, the resulting reduced-oxygen lignin-derived pr
The present invention is generally directed to methods for processing lignin-containing biomass so as to render it more amenable to hydroprocessing, wherein such processing typically reduces the level of oxygen in the biomass. Following such processing, the resulting reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product can be hydroprocessed into a biofuel suitable for use as a transportation fuel. Additionally, in some embodiments, such methods can be integrated with one or more other processes, wherein such other processes can be production and/or logistical in nature.
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1. A method comprising the steps of: a) providing a quantity of biomass, said biomass comprising a lignin fraction and a holocellulosic fraction;b) processing the biomass so as to obtain a lignin-rich intermediate, wherein the lignin-rich intermediate comprises a lignin component and a holocellulosi
1. A method comprising the steps of: a) providing a quantity of biomass, said biomass comprising a lignin fraction and a holocellulosic fraction;b) processing the biomass so as to obtain a lignin-rich intermediate, wherein the lignin-rich intermediate comprises a lignin component and a holocellulosic component, wherein the holocellulosic component accounts for not more than 50 weight percent of the lignin-rich intermediate; and wherein the weight percent of the holocellulosic component in the lignin-rich intermediate is less than the weight percent of the holocellulosic fraction in the biomass; andc) subjecting at least a portion of the lignin-rich intermediate to a high-temperature hydrolysis so as to yield a reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product, wherein said high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out under acidic conditions, wherein said high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of from at least about 220° C. to at most about 300° C., and wherein said reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product has an oxygen content of not more than 25 weight percent on an ash-free basis. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product is a solid at 25° C. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of processing involves a hydrolysis of at least some of the holocellulosic component, and wherein said hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of less than 220° C. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising a step of hydroprocessing at least a portion of the reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product by reacting it with hydrogen to yield one or more hydroprocessed products. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising a step of reacting the reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product with a hydrogen donor solvent to form a further reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product having an oxygen content of not more than 10 weight percent on an ash-free basis. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the hydrogen donor solvent comprises tetralin. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the hydrogen donor solvent comprises species selected from the group consisting of indanes, phenanthrenes, hyroquinones, and combinations thereof. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the hydrogen donor solvent comprises one or more species recycled from a hydroprocessing step. 9. The method of claim 4, wherein at least a portion of the hydroprocessed product is in the form of an oil, and further comprising a step of transporting said oil to a petroleum refinery for further processing. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of transporting involves a logistical transporting means selected from the group consisting of truck, barge, train, pipeline, and combinations thereof. 11. The method of claim 4, wherein at least a portion of the hydroprocessed product is in the form of an oil, and wherein said oil is subjected to further processing so as to be at least partially converted to a transportation fuel. 12. The method of claim 4, wherein at least a portion of the hydroprocessed product is blended with a petroleum-based transportation fuel. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the lignin-rich intermediate is provided via a by-product stream of another process. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the another process is a cellulosic ethanol process. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out at a pH of less than 4. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out at a pH of greater than 2. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out for a period of time ranging from at least 30 seconds to at most 30 minutes. 18. A method comprising the steps of: a) processing a quantity of biomass, said biomass comprising a lignin fraction and a holocellulosic fraction, so as to obtain a lignin-rich intermediate, wherein the lignin-rich intermediate comprises an oxygen content of not less than 30 weight percent on an ash-free basis; andb) subjecting at least a portion of the lignin-rich intermediate to a high-temperature hydrolysis so as to yield a reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product, wherein said high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out under acidic conditions, wherein said high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of from at least about 220° C. to at most about 300° C., and wherein said reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product has an oxygen content of not more than 25 weight percent on an ash-free basis. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein at least 12 percent of the oxygen content of the lignin-rich intermediate is established via the presence of species selected from the group consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides, simple sugars, and combinations thereof. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising a step of hydroprocessing at least a portion of the reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product by reacting it with hydrogen to yield one or more hydroprocessed products. 21. The method of claim 18, further comprising a step of reacting at least some of the reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product with a hydrogen donor solvent to form a further reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product having an oxygen content of not more than 10 weight percent on an ash-free basis. 22. A method comprising the steps of: a) providing a quantity of lignin-containing biomass, said biomass comprising an oxygen content of not less than 30 weight percent on an ash-free basis; andb) subjecting at least a portion of the lignin-containing biomass to a high-temperature hydrolysis so as to yield a reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product, wherein said high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out under acidic conditions, wherein said high-temperature hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of from at least about 220° C. to at most about 300° C., and wherein said reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product has an oxygen content of not more than 25 weight percent on an ash-free basis. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein at least 12 percent of the oxygen content of the lignin-containing biomass is established via the presence of species selected from the group consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose, oligosaccharides, simple sugars, and combinations thereof. 24. The method of claim 22, further comprising a step of hydroprocessing at least a portion of the reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product by reacting it with hydrogen to yield one or more hydroprocessed products. 25. The method of claim 22, further comprising a step of reacting the reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product with a hydrogen donor solvent to form a further reduced-oxygen lignin-derived product having an oxygen content of not more than 10 weight percent on an ash-free basis.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (3)
Elomari, Saleh, Hydrocarbon conversion using zeolite SSZ-53.
Craig Wayne K. (126 Auld Crescent Saskatoon ; Saskatchewan CAX S7H 4W9) Soveran Douglas W. (7309 5th Avenue Regina ; Saskatchewan CAX S4T 0N2), Production of hydrocarbons with a relatively high cetane rating.
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