IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0627815
(2009-11-30)
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등록번호 |
US-8549862
(2013-10-08)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
1 인용 특허 :
154 |
초록
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In one embodiment, a method is provided fuel staging for a trapped vortex (TVC) combustion apparatus comprising an inlet premixer, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the inlet of the combustion apparatus and a vortex premixer, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the recirculating vortex. The combus
In one embodiment, a method is provided fuel staging for a trapped vortex (TVC) combustion apparatus comprising an inlet premixer, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the inlet of the combustion apparatus and a vortex premixer, for injecting fuel-air mixture into the recirculating vortex. The combustion apparatus may be part of an engine, such as a gas turbine engine. The method comprises varying the relative proportion of mixture introduced through the inlet and vortex premixers as a function of load.
대표청구항
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1. A method for fuel staging in the operation of a TVC (trapped vortex combustion) reactor having at least: one trapped vortex cavity, said TVC reactor further having both an inlet premixer that mixes fuel and air and introduces fuel-air mixture into a main inlet of said TVC reactor, and at least on
1. A method for fuel staging in the operation of a TVC (trapped vortex combustion) reactor having at least: one trapped vortex cavity, said TVC reactor further having both an inlet premixer that mixes fuel and air and introduces fuel-air mixture into a main inlet of said TVC reactor, and at least one vortex premixer that mixes fuel and air and introduces fuel-air mixture directly into at least one such trapped vortex cavity of said TVC reactor; wherein(a) said inlet premixer comprises a plurality of concentric, coplanar, aerodynamically shaped ring elements positioned upstream of said main inlet, axially aligned within a flow path, each said ring element having an interior passage for fuel, each said ring element further comprising a plurality of fuel injection orifices whereby fuel flows from said interior passage into the inlet fluid flow proximate to said ring, and wherein each pair of said ring elements defines an annular passage therebetween; wherein said rings are further adapted, whereby (i) said fuel injection orifices are oriented to inject fuel at an angle having an absolute value of from about 0 to about 90 degrees from the axial direction; and(ii) said plurality of fuel injection orifices are of non-uniform diameters, said diameters being sized at different sizes, each of said sizes selected to provide for a specified range of fuel-air momentum flux ratios; and(b) said vortex premixer comprises a fuel inlet, an air inlet, a chamber wherein fuel and air are mixed, and an outlet for said fuel-air mixture, wherein said vortex premixer is attached to said TVC reactor in a manner such that said outlet introduces said fuel-air mixture directly into said trapped vortex cavity, and so that said fuel-air mixture is introduced into said trapped vortex cavity at an angle such that said fuel-air mixture joins the flow of said vortex approximately codirectionally with said vortex flow; andsaid method comprising adjusting the proportions of fuel-air mixture introduced through said inlet premixer and said vortex premixer to accommodate differing loads during the operation of said TVC reactor. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein, in startup and low power operation until a NOX emission limit is reached, fueling is through said vortex premixer only. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein, in medium power operation fueling is primarily through said inlet premixer. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein, in high power operation, fueling is through both said vortex and inlet premixers. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the volume of air flowing through said vortex premixer is less than the volume of air flowing through said inlet premixer. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the volume of air flowing through said vortex premixer is less than about 50% of the volume of air flowing through said inlet premixer. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the volume of air flowing through said vortex premixer is in the range of about 20% to about 40% of the volume of air flowing through said inlet premixer. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein at substantially all times during operation of said TVC reactor, at least a minimum amount of fuel-air mixture is introduced through said vortex premixer. 9. The method of claim 1, practiced to accommodate differing loads during the startup of said TVC reactor. 10. The method of claim 1, practiced to accommodate differing loads during the turndown of said TVC reactor. 11. The method of claim 1, practiced in a system comprising said TVC reactor and further comprising a gas turbine, said system being adapted for electric power generation. 12. The method of claim 1, practiced in a system comprising said TVC reactor and further comprising a gas turbine, said system being adapted for use as a propulsion jet engine for aviation. 13. The method of claim 1, practiced in a system comprising said TVC reactor and further comprising a gas turbine, said system being adapted for use as an auxiliary electric power generation unit. 14. The method of claim 1, practiced in a system comprising said TVC reactor and further comprising a gas turbine, said assembly being adapted as a combustion turbine for a combined heat and power plant. 15. The method of claim 1, practiced in a system comprising said TVC reactor and further comprising a gas turbine, said assembly being adapted as a combustion turbine for an integrated gasification combined cycle plant. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein said TVC reactor comprises a plurality of trapped vortex cavities, each associated with at least one said vortex premixer, further comprising independently adjusting the proportions of fuel-air mixture introduced through said inlet premixer and each of said vortex premixers to accommodate differing loads during the operation of said TVC reactor. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein said plurality of trapped vortex cavities comprises a first, upstream, trapped vortex cavity and a second, downstream, trapped vortex cavity, said down-stream trapped vortex cavity being downstream in said TVC reactor from said first trapped vortex cavity. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein, in startup and low power operation until a NOX emission limit is reached, fueling is primarily through said at least one vortex premixer that directly introduces fuel and air mixture into said upstream trapped vortex cavity. 19. The method of claim 18, practiced up to about 33% power. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein, in medium power operation, fueling is primarily through said inlet premixer. 21. The method of claim 20, practiced from about 33% power to about 66% power. 22. The method of claim 17, wherein, in high power operation, substantial fueling is provided through said inlet premixer and at least one vortex premixer associated with each of said trapped vortex cavities. 23. The method of claim 22, practiced from and above about 66% power. 24. The method of claim 17, wherein at substantially all times during operation of said TVC reactor, at least a minimum amount of fuel-air mixture is introduced through said at least one vortex premixer that directly introduces fuel and air mixture into said upstream trapped vortex cavity.
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