IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0687614
(2007-03-16)
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등록번호 |
US-8556009
(2013-10-15)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
1 인용 특허 :
56 |
초록
▼
A “super fuel efficient”, safe, low-cost and yet high performance 4-wheeled vehicle is configured with motorcycle wheels and tires having continuous radius tires and of outside diameter (20-26 inches). A special configuration of the invention permits a 4-wheeled vehicle to naturally camber while eng
A “super fuel efficient”, safe, low-cost and yet high performance 4-wheeled vehicle is configured with motorcycle wheels and tires having continuous radius tires and of outside diameter (20-26 inches). A special configuration of the invention permits a 4-wheeled vehicle to naturally camber while engaging a corner, or while maneuvering on a slope. Integration of a “short-cycling”, low storage mass hybrid drivetrain into the vehicle, and further, an exhaust heat energy recovery system, secures the efficiency opportunity.
대표청구항
▼
1. A four-wheeled vehicle that achieves a total gross vehicle weight of 1,500 lbs. (680 kg) or less, wherein each tire has a continuous radius (a motorcycle-style tire and wheel) and has an outside diameter of twenty to twenty-six inches and has a width of three to eight inches, with said wheels con
1. A four-wheeled vehicle that achieves a total gross vehicle weight of 1,500 lbs. (680 kg) or less, wherein each tire has a continuous radius (a motorcycle-style tire and wheel) and has an outside diameter of twenty to twenty-six inches and has a width of three to eight inches, with said wheels connected to the vehicle's frame by a single-sided support arm, the vehicle employing a thermal-to-electrical conversion system extracting heat energy from an exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine and supplying said energy, in electrical form, to an energy storage system comprising: thermal-to-electrical conversion modules having thermal-to-electrical conversion devices attached and interconnected between two opposing planar substrates via a metallization pattern, with said substrates being thermally-conductive and electrically-isolating,a planar heat exchange system consisting of isolated hot and cold stream channels, with said channels inclusive of extended surface area, having the outside of said channels in contact with the said modules,a system electrically connecting said modules with a DC-DC Conversion device for energy transfer to an energy storage system. 2. A four-wheeled vehicle that achieves a total gross vehicle weight of 1,500 lbs. (680 kg) or less, wherein each tire has a continuous radius (a motorcycle-style tire and wheel) and has an outside diameter of twenty to twenty-six inches and has a width of three to eight inches, with said wheels connected to the vehicle's frame by a single-sided support arm, the vehicle of less than 680 kg mass employing a “short-cycling” serial hybrid drive comprising: an internal combustion engine mechanically coupled to a generator,an energy store system receiving power from said generator and power from regenerative braking, having a storage medium of high charge and discharge rate capability (>2000 W/kg), high charge and discharge efficiency (>90%) and high cycle lifetime (>500K cycles from 0 to 80% charge capacity), with said storage capacity (Watt-hours) less than 200 times that of a single acceleration event of the vehicle from 0-35 miles-per-hour,an energy control system capable of depleting greater than 66% of the total stored energy capacity,at least one motor controller and associated motor providing torque to one or more of wheels of said vehicle and which receive power from the energy store system and/or the generator, with said motor and controller transferring regenerative braking power to the energy store system under vehicle braking condition. 3. The vehicle of claim 2 further comprising: an up-conversion device providing voltage increase from input to its output terminals, a switching device enabling passage of the said combined storage output power directly to the external load bus, or to the up-conversion device, said up-conversion device having its output directed onto the external load bus, a system to control the operation of said switching device, a method of directly coupling said storage elements to the system load bus for direct power transfer from said storage components to the system load bus when the storage component voltage or state-of-charge is above a determined level, and then diverting the power flow from said storage components to an up-converting device to extract the remaining energy from the storage components when the said voltage is below said condition. 4. The vehicle of claim 2 further comprising: a solid-state thermal-to-electrical conversion system extracting heat energy from an internal combustion engines exhaust stream and supplying said energy, in electrical form, to an energy storage system to said energy storage system. 5. The vehicle of claim 2 further comprising: a solid-state thermal-to-electrical conversion system extracting heat energy from an internal combustion engines exhaust stream and supplying said energy, in electrical form, to an energy storage system comprising:thermal-to-electrical conversion modules having thermal-to-electrical conversion devices attached and interconnected between 2 opposing planar substrates via a metallization pattern, with said substrates being thermally-conductive and electrically-isolating,a planar heat exchange system consisting of isolated hot and cold stream channels, with said channels inclusive of extended surface area, having the outside of said channels in contact with the said modules, a system electrically connecting said modules with a DC-DC Conversion device for energy transfer to an energy storage system. 6. A vehicle comprising: four wheels, wherein each wheel is centered within a motorcycle-style tire, wherein each motorcycle-style tire has a continuous radius profile and continuous tread sidewall,wherein each wheel is connected to a vehicle frame by a single-sided support arm,wherein the vehicle has a suspension roll-center which is above the center of gravity of the vehicle, andwherein the vehicle cambers while cornering. 7. The vehicle of claim 6, wherein the motorcycle-style tire has an outside diameter between twenty and twenty six inches and is connected to the frame of the vehicle by a single-sided support arm. 8. The vehicle of claim 7, wherein the motorcycle-style tire has a width of between three and eight inches. 9. The vehicle of claim 6, wherein the vehicle cambers while cornering based on at least centripetal force. 10. The vehicle of claim 6, wherein the vehicle is configured to camber when under a gravitational force on a inclined plane, the cambering defined as tires and wheels enabled to camber greater than 6 degrees and the main body rotation exceeding 3 degrees when the vehicle is under gravitational forces. 11. The vehicle of claim 6, wherein the vehicle cambers using non-active mechanisms to control the camber. 12. The vehicle of claim 6, wherein cambering is defined as tires and wheels enabled to camber greater than 6 degrees and the main body rotation exceeding 3 degrees when the vehicle is cornering. 13. The vehicle of claim 6, further comprising: an electric wheel motor; anda hybrid drivetrain. 14. A vehicle of claim 6, wherein the occupant entry and egress is executed by stepping in and out of upper openings in the structure, thereby averting the use of doors. 15. A vehicle of claim 6, wherein a side pod is used to facilitate occupant entry and egress. 16. The vehicle of claim 6, further comprising: a thermoelectric module comprising a thermoelectric device, wherein the thermoelectric device connects at least a first planar substrate and a second planar substrate, wherein the first planar substrate and the second planar substrate are connected to the thermoelectric device via a metallization pattern, the substrates being thermally-conductive and electrically-isolated, and wherein the thermoelectric module is in contact with at least a hot fluid passage and a cold fluid passage. 17. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein the hot fluid passage and the cold fluid passage are each formed by plates and alternating and fastened fins. 18. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein the thermoelectric module is connected to a DC-DC Conversion device for energy transfer to an energy storage system. 19. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the hot fluid has a higher temperature than the cold fluid. 20. The vehicle of claim 6, further comprising a system for providing power to drive the vehicle, comprising: an internal combustion engine;a generator coupled to the internal combustion engine;an energy storage and management system connected to the generator, the energy storage and management system comprising (i) a comparative circuit for monitoring a primary voltage from a power source to a load, (ii) a DC-DC boost converter connected to the load, and (iii) a contactor switch in series between the power source and the load, the switch configured to select either a direct connection from the power source to the load or a connection from the power source through a DC-DC boost converter to the load, the switch selection based on a first voltage threshold level, wherein the generator is configured to (i) provide power to the load from the internal combustion engine when the power source is below a second threshold level and to (ii) recharge the power source. 21. The vehicle of claim 6, further comprising a roll cage. 22. The vehicle of claim 6, further comprising a structural contact member positioned at the front of each of the front vehicle wheels. 23. The vehicle of claim 22, wherein the structural member is hinged to compress a first member. 24. The vehicle of claim 21, further comprising external panels, wherein the external panels can be clipped onto the body of the vehicle.
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