초록 ▼

An installation for drying organic matter, especially kitchen and food wastes or other biological matter, including matter that contains packaging residues, napkins, straws or the like. The installation comprises the following components: (a) a vacuum mixer (M) having a closable charging opening for

An installation for drying organic matter, especially kitchen and food wastes or other biological matter, including matter that contains packaging residues, napkins, straws or the like. The installation comprises the following components: (a) a vacuum mixer (M) having a closable charging opening for introducing the organic matter and a closable discharge opening, disposed at the bottom or laterally towards the bottom, for the dried matter, (b) at least one vacuum pump (VP) for evacuating the air in the mixer to generate the vacuum, the pump being connected to at least one evacuation tube mounted above the maximum filling level in the housing of the mixer (M), (c) a heater (H) for heating the organic matter, (d) at least one condenser (K), connected to the air evacuation duct (AL) of the vacuum pump (VP) and having a cooling unit (KA) connected thereto to condense the evacuated air, and (e) a discharge duct (AW) for the condensate obtained from the evacuated air by cooling in the condenser (K).

대표청구항 ▼

1. An installation for drying organic matter comprising: (a) a vacuum mixer having at least one mixing blade in a housing and having a closable filling opening for introducing organic matter and a closable emptying opening on the underside or laterally toward the underside for the dried matter,(b) a

1. An installation for drying organic matter comprising: (a) a vacuum mixer having at least one mixing blade in a housing and having a closable filling opening for introducing organic matter and a closable emptying opening on the underside or laterally toward the underside for the dried matter,(b) at least one vacuum pump, connected to at least one extraction connector fitted in the housing of the mixer above a maximum filling height, in order to extract the air in the mixer to produce the vacuum,(c) a heating device for heating the organic matter,(d) at least one condenser, connected to the waste air line of the vacuum pump, and having a cooling unit connected thereto for condensing the extracted air, and(e) a drain line for the condensate obtained from the waste air by cooling in the condenser, wherein the mixer has an elongated housing which, in the event of horizontal arrangement of its longitudinal axis, is formed in its lower region as a trough shaped like a circular segment and, at its two ends, in each case has an end wall and side walls extending upward, which at the top delimit the filling opening, which can be closed off in an airtight manner by a cover or a hood, wherein at least one emptying opening is provided in the housing in the lower region of the trough, wherein at least one outer and at least one inner mixing blade are arranged in the housing, are mounted on a common axis on at least one end wall and can be driven separately or in a coupled fashion, the outer mixing blade conveying the material to be mixed in a specific longitudinal direction of the housing, and the inner mixing blade conveying the material to be mixed in the same or opposite longitudinal direction as the outer mixing blade, and wherein the outer mixing blade is at least partly hollow, and in that the heating device is inserted into the hollow or a heat exchange medium can be led into and out of the hollow via a lateral distributor having a central pipe connection, the inner mixing blade being continuous or being replaced by at least one rotating impact knife, the impact knives being fixed to a shaft. 2. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one mixing blade is formed with one arm, two arms or multiple arms and in the shape of a helix having a partial turn or a complete turn or a plurality of turns, and rotates, wiping along at least the bottom of the mixing trough shaped like a circular segment. 3. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner mixing blade is a mixing blade having one arm, two arms or multiple arms and being helical or screw-like. 4. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a helix is a partial turn, a complete turn or a multiple turn. 5. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner mixing blade or the at least one impact knife are provided in the mounting region in front of a flange in the interior of the mixing trough on one or both sides and run only over a partial section within the outer mixing blade. 6. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ends of the outer mixing blades are joined to each other via a transverse part or an annular disk, on which bearing journals or bearings for the mounting in the ends are provided centrally. 7. The installation as claimed in claim 6, wherein the transverse part or the annular disk is hollow and is joined to the heating device via a central connection on a hot water feed line or hot water drain line. 8. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein an inner mixing blade extending substantially over the entire length is provided centrally, and in that the ends of the mixing blades are fixed to a rotating flange, on which mixing blades a drive acts, at least on one side, or in that the inner mixing blade comprises impact knives which are fixed to a shaft and which are arranged in such a way that, during the simultaneous action on the matter put in, the latter is transported in a specific direction or, intermittently, in opposite directions. 9. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixer blade arrangements are arranged in a half-shell mixing trough, and in that the second fitted half shell is formed by a cover. 10. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating device is provided in one of the following locations: (1) in the bottom, (2) in a side wall of the housing of the mixer, (3) in the cover, (4) in the hood, and (5) at least in one mixing blade. 11. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the cover the heating device is a microwave heating device. 12. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the cover the heating device contains a heat source emitting infrared radiation. 13. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the cover a vacuum indicating measuring instrument is fixed to the hood. 14. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the hood a switch for switching off the vacuum pump and a valve for the input of air are provided on the mixer, and a control device is provided which permits the actuation of the valve only when the vacuum pump is switched off. 15. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the hood an interlock circuit is provided, which regulates or blocks the control of the vacuum pump, condensate outlet, heating device as long as the emptying opening is open. 16. The installation as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the hood the vacuum pump and the cooling unit for the condenser are switched on and off in parallel.