Hydrogen generator and internal combustion engine provided with hydrogen generator
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F02B-043/08
G05D-007/00
출원번호
US-0981932
(2010-12-30)
등록번호
US-8561578
(2013-10-22)
발명자
/ 주소
Miyagawa, Hiroshi
Koike, Makoto
Kojima, Susumu
Sugimoto, Tomojiro
Shimizu, Rioh
Nakamura, Norihiko
출원인 / 주소
Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho
대리인 / 주소
Oliff & Berridge, PLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
6
초록▼
A hydrogen generator provided with a cracker which cracks a compound containing hydrogen atoms and nitrogen atoms to generate hydrogen, a compound feeder which feeds the compound to the cracker, and an oxygen feeder which feeds oxygen to the cracker. The cracker includes catalyst particles which pro
A hydrogen generator provided with a cracker which cracks a compound containing hydrogen atoms and nitrogen atoms to generate hydrogen, a compound feeder which feeds the compound to the cracker, and an oxygen feeder which feeds oxygen to the cracker. The cracker includes catalyst particles which promote the cracking of the compound and catalyst particles which promote the oxidation of the compound. The cracker is fed with the compound and oxygen, causes the compound to oxidize to generate heat of oxidation, and uses the generated heat of oxidation to crack the compound.
대표청구항▼
1. A hydrogen generator provided with a first cracker configured to crack a compound containing hydrogen atoms and nitrogen atoms to generate hydrogen, the first cracker includes a catalyst having catalyst particles for promoting cracking of said compound and catalyst particles for promoting oxidati
1. A hydrogen generator provided with a first cracker configured to crack a compound containing hydrogen atoms and nitrogen atoms to generate hydrogen, the first cracker includes a catalyst having catalyst particles for promoting cracking of said compound and catalyst particles for promoting oxidation of said compound;a second cracker including a catalyst having catalyst particles which promote cracking of said compound;a compound feeder configured to feed said compound to at least the first or second cracker, the compound feeder being configured to feed said compound to the first cracker and the second cracker, to adjust the flow of said compound fed to the first cracker, and to adjust the flow of said compound fed to the second cracker; andan oxygen feeder configured to feed oxygen to at least the first or second cracker, whereinthe catalyst of the first cracker and the catalyst of the second cracker are formed so as to exchange heat with each other, andthe hydrogen generator feeds at least the first or second cracker with said compound and oxygen, causes said compound to oxidize to generate heat of oxidation, and uses the generated heat of oxidation to crack said compound. 2. A hydrogen generator as set forth in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen generator is provided with a catalyst temperature detector which detects a temperature of the catalyst of the second cracker and,when the temperature of the catalyst of the second cracker is less than a predetermined temperature, reduces the flow of said compound fed to the second cracker and increases the flow of said compound fed to the first cracker. 3. A hydrogen generator as set forth in claim 1, wherein the oxygen feeder is configured to feed oxygen to at least the first or second cracker such that a molar ratio of oxygen to said compound which the compound feeder feeds becomes 0 to 0.3. 4. A hydrogen generator as set forth in claim 1, further provided with a catalyst temperature detector which detects the temperature of the catalyst and a controller which controls at least one of the compound feeder and oxygen feeder, wherein the compound feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the flow of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker,the oxygen feeder is formed to be able to adjust the flow of oxygen fed to at least the first or second cracker, andthe controller adjusts at least one of the flow of said compound and the flow of oxygen fed to the catalyst so that the temperature of the catalyst detected by the catalyst temperature detector becomes within a predetermined range of temperature. 5. A hydrogen generator as set forth in claim 4, wherein the controller uses the catalyst temperature detector to detect the temperature of the catalyst and, when the detected temperature of the catalyst is higher than a predetermined temperature, reduces the flow ratio of the oxygen to said compound. 6. A hydrogen generator as set forth in claim 4, wherein the controller uses the catalyst temperature detector to detect the temperature of the catalyst and, when the detected temperature of the catalyst is lower than a predetermined temperature, increases the flow ratio of the oxygen to said compound. 7. A hydrogen generator as set forth in claim 1, further provided with a mixer arranged in a flow path at an upstream side from the catalyst, wherein the mixer is formed to promote mixing of gas containing oxygen fed from the oxygen feeder and gas containing said compound fed from the compound feeder. 8. An internal combustion engine provided with a hydrogen generator as set forth in claim 1,an engine body including a combustion chamber in which fuel is burned and an engine intake passage connected to the combustion chamber, anda hydrogen feeder connected to the hydrogen generator,the oxygen feeder feeds the air inside the engine intake passage to at least the first or second cracker, andthe hydrogen feeder feeds the hydrogen produced in the hydrogen generator as fuel to the combustion chamber. 9. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, wherein the compound feeder includesa tank which stores the liquid compound andan evaporator which heats the liquid compound to vaporize the liquid compound, andat least part of the gaseous compound produced at the evaporator is fed as fuel to the combustion chamber without passing through at least the first or second cracker. 10. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, wherein the engine body is formed so as to be cooled by cooling waterthe hydrogen generator includes a cooler arranged at a downstream side of at least the first or second cracker and cooling the gas flowing out from at least the first or second cracker, andthe cooler is formed so as to cool the gas flowing out from at least the first or second cracker by the cooling water of the engine body. 11. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, further provided with a speed detection device which detects the engine speed of the internal combustion engine, wherein the hydrogen feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the amount of hydrogen fed to the combustion chamber, andthe engine detects the engine speed and increases the amount of hydrogen fed to the combustion chamber the higher the engine speed. 12. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 11, wherein the hydrogen generator is provided with a controller which controls at least one of the compound feeder and oxygen feeder,the compound feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the flow of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker,the oxygen feeder is formed to be able to adjust the flow of oxygen fed to at least the first or second cracker, andthe controller adjusts at least one of the flow of oxygen and the flow of compound fed to at least the first or second cracker based on the amount of hydrogen fed by the hydrogen feeder to the combustion chamber. 13. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, further provided with a load detection device which detects a load of the internal combustion engine, wherein the hydrogen feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the amount of hydrogen fed to the combustion chamber, andthe engine detects the load of the internal combustion engine and increases the amount of hydrogen fed to the combustion chamber the smaller the load of the internal combustion engine. 14. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 13, wherein the hydrogen generator is provided with a controller which controls at least one of the compound feeder and oxygen feeder,the compound feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the flow of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker,the oxygen feeder is formed to be able to adjust the flow of oxygen fed to at least the first or second cracker, andthe controller adjusts at least one of the flow of oxygen and the flow of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker based on the amount of hydrogen fed by the hydrogen feeder to the combustion chamber. 15. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, wherein the hydrogen generator is provided with a heater that heats the catalyst, and,when starting up the internal combustion engine, the engine uses the heater to heat the catalyst and, when the temperature of the catalyst becomes higher than a predetermined temperature, starts the feeds of oxygen and said compound to the catalyst. 16. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, wherein the compound feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the flow of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker,the oxygen feeder is formed to be able to adjust the flow of oxygen fed to at least the first or second cracker, andwhen the temperature of the catalyst is lower than a predetermined temperature, the engine increases the flow ratio of the oxygen to said compound. 17. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 8, further provided with an engine temperature detector which detects the temperature of the engine body, wherein the compound feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the flow of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker,the oxygen feeder is formed to be able to adjust the flow of oxygen fed to at least the first or second cracker, andthe hydrogen generator, when the temperature of the engine body is lower than a predetermined temperature, feeds said compound and oxygen to at least the first or second cracker so that a molar ratio of oxygen to said compound becomes 0.15 or more. 18. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 9, further provided with an operating state detection device which detects an operating state of the internal combustion engine, wherein the compound feeder is formed so as to be able to adjust the flow of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker,the hydrogen generator changes the flow ratio of said compound fed from the evaporator to at least the first or second cracker to said compound fed from the evaporator to the combustion chamber without going through at least the first or second cracker based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine. 19. An internal combustion engine as set forth in claim 18, wherein the operating state detection device is provided with an engine temperature detector which detects the temperature of the engine body, andthe engine detects the temperature of the engine body and increases the flow ratio of said compound fed to at least the first or second cracker to said compound fed to the combustion chamber without going through at least the first or second cracker to lower the temperature of the engine body.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (6)
Rubin David (5 Rav Zair St. Jerusalem IL), Fuel conversion system.
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