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A method and device is provided for measuring dust in a flowing gas, particularly atmospheric air. The device includes an intake nozzle which is configured such that aerodynamic forces continuously position the intake nozzle along the direction of gas flow. The velocity of the measuring stream in th

A method and device is provided for measuring dust in a flowing gas, particularly atmospheric air. The device includes an intake nozzle which is configured such that aerodynamic forces continuously position the intake nozzle along the direction of gas flow. The velocity of the measuring stream in the inlet of the intake nozzle is compared with the velocity of gas flowing around the intake nozzle. The possible difference between the measured velocities is compensated by changing the velocity of the measuring stream in a mechanical way such as with a suction pump.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A method of measuring dust in a flowing gas, comprising: a) measuring a first velocity of the flowing gas through an intake nozzle,b) measuring a second velocity of the flowing gas along the direction of gas flow,c) in the gas flowing through the intake nozzle, at least one of measuring dust part

1. A method of measuring dust in a flowing gas, comprising: a) measuring a first velocity of the flowing gas through an intake nozzle,b) measuring a second velocity of the flowing gas along the direction of gas flow,c) in the gas flowing through the intake nozzle, at least one of measuring dust particle size, separating out dust, or a combination thereof, wherein in (c) the intake nozzle is continuously positioned aerodynamically along the direction of gas flow,wherein two independently movable conically shaped members, a diffuser and a fairing, are positioned along the direction of gas flow, wherein the two members include vertical stabilisers, wherein the diffuser includes the intake nozzle therein and the fairing has a form of a deflector and includes an exhaust nozzle therein,d) comparing the first velocity of the flowing gas through the intake nozzle with the second velocity of the flowing gas around the intake nozzle, ande) reducing the eventual differences between the first and second velocities by changing a velocity of the gas flowing through the intake nozzle between the diffuser and the fairing with a suction pump. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the velocity of the flowing gas in an inlet of the intake nozzle is determined based on geometric inner parameters of the diffuser and a flow of the flowing gas through a reducing pipe. 3. A method according to claim 1, further comprising evaporating water drops present in the flowing gas that are sucked into the nozzle using laser light delivered to the flowing gas through an optical fiber located at a wider end of the reducing pipe and directed upwards along an axis of the reducing pipe towards a narrower end of the reducing pipe. 4. A device for measuring dust in a flowing gas comprising: a feeding pipe with an intake nozzle having an inlet,a particle sensor and optionally a filter,an immovable body that contains a unit that is operative to measure flow parameters including temperature and humidity, anda first velocity meter that is operative to measure velocity of the flowing gas through the intake nozzle, wherein the feeding pipe is hermetically connected to the first velocity meter,a second velocity meter that is operative to measure velocity of the flowing gas around the intake nozzle;a suction pump with a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is operative to control the suction pump responsive at least in part to the first and second velocity meters,an exhaust pipe including an exhaust nozzle,a controlling element having the form of an open diffuser,a conical fairing,wherein the intake nozzle is positioned inside the diffuser, wherein the inlet of the intake nozzle is directed towards that end of the diffuser which has a smaller diameter, wherein an end of the feeding pipe located opposite to the intake nozzle is connected in a rotary manner to the unit that is operative to measure flow parameters, wherein the subsequently connected are the following: the particle sensor, the suction pump and rotationally the exhaust pipe with the exhaust nozzle joined with the conical fairing, wherein the exhaust nozzle is located inside the conical fairing and an outlet of the exhaust nozzle is directed towards a wider end of the conical fairing. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the diffuser and the conical fairing include at least one vertical stabiliser located near the wider ends of each one of the diffuser and the conical fairing, and wherein the diffuser at the narrower end is shaped in the form of a Venturi tube used as a first part of the first velocity meter that measures the velocity of flowing gas through the intake nozzle, wherein a second part of the first velocity meter has the form of a Pitot tube located above the conical fairing, and wherein the intake nozzle and the diffuser are arranged coaxially. 6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the immovable body is covered with insulating foam and a temperature regulator is located inside the immovable body. 7. The device according to claim 4, wherein the feeding pipe is joined with the second velocity meter, wherein the second velocity meter is an electric or magnetic device. 8. The device according to claim 4, wherein the first velocity meter that measures the velocity of flowing gas through the intake nozzle includes, as a first part, a Pitot tube located under the diffuser and, as a second part, openings located above the conical fairing perpendicularly to the axis of the conical fairing, and wherein the first velocity meter that measures the velocity of flowing gas through the intake nozzle is a combination of a further Pitot tube and a Venturi tube, and wherein the further Pitot tube has an additional shield in the form of a pipe with a greater diameter and equipped with a further filter. 9. The device according to claim 4 or 8, wherein the second velocity meter includes a magnetic sensor that is situated beyond the axis of rotation of a portion of the second velocity meter. 10. The device according to claim 4, wherein the unit for measuring flow parameters is built in the form of a Venturi tube, and the unit that is operative to measure flow parameters is equipped with humidity and temperature sensors and an optical fibre that is configured to evaporate water particles. 11. The device according to claim 4, wherein the particle sensor is built in the form of an optical/electronic particle sensor that is optionally equipped with a Near Infrared Spectroscope (NIRS). 12. The device according to claim 4, further comprising the filter located between the particle sensor and the suction pump. 13. The device according to claim 4, or 10, or 11, or 12, wherein the unit that is operative to measure flow parameters, the particle sensor, the suction pump and the filter are all located inside the immovable body fixed to a base, optionally through a rigid extension arm. 14. The device according to claim 13, wherein a hermetic electrical connection exists between the immovable body and the extension arm and this connection is operative to be blocked using a lock.