IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0083703
(2011-04-11)
|
등록번호 |
US-8572973
(2013-11-05)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Li, Heng-Yi
- Lee, How-Ming
- Tzeng, Chin-Ching
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
4 |
초록
▼
An apparatus and a method generate power and refrigeration from low-grade heat. The apparatus includes a heating module, a power generator module, an ejector, a heat exchanger, a condenser module, a low-temperature evaporator, a reservoir, a pressure pump and two direction controllable three-way val
An apparatus and a method generate power and refrigeration from low-grade heat. The apparatus includes a heating module, a power generator module, an ejector, a heat exchanger, a condenser module, a low-temperature evaporator, a reservoir, a pressure pump and two direction controllable three-way valves. The heating module includes a heat source and a boiler. The power generator module includes an expansion turbine and a power generator. The condenser module includes a condenser and a cooling tower. The method is that the direction controllable three-way valves are operated to change the flow directions of the working fluid for executing a power generation and refrigeration mode, a power generation mode, a refrigeration mode or an idle mode.
대표청구항
▼
1. An apparatus for utilizing low-grade heat including: a heating module including: a boiler; anda heat source for energizing the boiler to vaporize liquid working fluid to high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state;a power generator module including: an expansion turbine of which an inlet is
1. An apparatus for utilizing low-grade heat including: a heating module including: a boiler; anda heat source for energizing the boiler to vaporize liquid working fluid to high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state;a power generator module including: an expansion turbine of which an inlet is connected to an outlet of the boiler; anda power generator coupled to the expansion turbine so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous working fluid leaves from the boiler into the expansion turbine and drives the power generator for generating electricity wherein, after traveling through the expansion turbine, the working fluid becomes medium-temperature and medium-pressure gaseous working fluid;a low-temperature evaporator in which liquid working fluid absorbs heat, vaporizes, provides refrigeration, and becomes low-pressure gaseous working fluid;an ejector including a nozzle, a mixing section, a constant area section, a diffuser section, a suction port, an inlet and an outlet, wherein the inlet is connected to an outlet of the expansion turbine so that the medium-temperature and medium-pressure gaseous working fluid leaves from the expansion turbine and enters the ejector inlet to accelerate and become a low-pressure supersonic stream at the nozzle where the low-pressure supersonic stream then produces a high vacuum at the mixing section and sucks the low-pressure gaseous working fluid from the low-temperature evaporator through the suction port where the two streams mix together and become a supersonic mixed stream at the mixing section, and then enter the constant area section where, when going through the constant area section, a normal shock wave occurs, accompanied by a pressure where, after the shock, the velocity of the mixed stream becomes subsonic and decelerated at the diffuser section, and then out of the ejector outlet wherein, the ejector acts as a thermally derived gas compressor that utilizes medium pressure vaporized working fluid to compress low pressure gas, and is reliable for not containing any mechanical parts;a pressure pump;a heat exchanger comprising a hot channel of which an inlet thereof is connected to the ejector and a cold channel of which an inlet thereof is connected to the pressure pump such that the residual heat of the working fluid out of the ejector is recovered by preheating the liquid working fluid out of the pressure pump so that loads on the heating module and a condenser module are reduced, respectively;the condenser module including: an inlet of a condenser connected to a hot channel outlet of the heat exchanger so that the gaseous working fluid enters the inlet of the condenser through the hot channel of the heat exchanger, wherein an outlet of the condenser is connected to the low-temperature evaporator through a throttle so that a portion of the liquid working fluid selectively leaves from the condenser to the low-temperature evaporator; anda cooling tower for cycling a coolant through the condenser for condensing the gaseous working fluid to liquid working fluid;a reservoir connected to the condenser so that the reservoir receives any portion of the liquid working fluid from the condenser module not selectively directed to the low-temperature evaporator and contains the same;wherein the pressure pump is connected to the reservoir so that the ejector provides medium-pressure gaseous working fluid to preheat the liquid working fluid traveling from the pressure pump to reduce burdens on the heating module and the condenser module, wherein the pump is further connected to the heat exchanger so that while traveling to the boiler through the heat exchanger, the liquid working fluid gets heated and vaporized;a first direction controllable three-way valve provided between the boiler and the expansion turbine; anda second direction controllable three-way valve provided between the expansion turbine and the ejector, wherein the operation method of the apparatus is that the first and second direction controllable three-way valves, are operable to direct the working fluid in a selected one of various directions for executing all of a power generation and refrigeration mode, a refrigeration mode, a power generation mode, and an idle mode. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat source is industrial waste heat, solar thermal heat or geothermal heat. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the working fluid is an organic hydrocarbon, an inorganic small molecular compound or a chlorofluorocarbon, wherein the inorganic small molecular compound is CO2 or NH3. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first direction controllable three-way valve receives the gaseous working fluid from the boiler and directs the gaseous working fluid to the expansion turbine or the second direction controllable three-way valve. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second direction controllable three-way valve receives the gaseous working fluid from the expansion turbine or the first direction controllable three-way valve, and directs the gaseous working fluid to the ejector or the heat exchanger. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the power generation and refrigeration mode, the first direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the expansion turbine while the second direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the ejector so that the gaseous working fluid travels from the boiler to the expansion turbine through the first direction controllable three-way valve to generate electricity, and that the gaseous working fluid travels from the expansion turbine to the ejector through the second direction controllable three-way valve and then to the condenser through the heat exchanger, wherein the liquid working fluid travels from the condenser to the low-temperature evaporator to provide refrigeration and to the boiler through the heat exchanger and the pressure pump. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the refrigeration mode, the first direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the second direction controllable three-way valve while second direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the ejector so that the gaseous working fluid travels from the boiler bypassing the expansion turbine through the first direction controllable three-way valve to the ejector, and then to the hot channel of the heat exchanger and the condenser module, wherein a portion of the liquid working fluid enters the low-temperature evaporator to provide refrigeration and the other portion flows to the boiler through the pressure pump. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the power generation mode, the first direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the expansion turbine while the second direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the hot channel of the heat exchanger and the condenser module so that the gaseous working fluid travels from the boiler to the power generator module through the first direction controllable three-way valve for generating electricity power, and that the gaseous working fluid travels from the expansion turbine to the cold channel of the heat exchanger and then the condenser module through the second direction controllable three-way valve, bypassing the ejector, wherein the working fluid returns to the boiler through the pressure pump. 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the idle mode, the first direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the second direction controllable three-way valve while the second direction controllable three-way valve directs the gaseous working fluid to the condenser module so that the gaseous working fluid travels from the boiler to the heat exchanger and then the condenser module through the first direction controllable three-way valve, bypassing the expansion turbine, and through the second direction controllable three-way valve, bypassing the ejector, wherein the working fluid returns to the boiler through the pressure pump.
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