IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0445333
(2007-10-12)
|
등록번호 |
US-8573348
(2013-11-05)
|
국제출원번호 |
PCT/US2007/021776
(2007-10-12)
|
§371/§102 date |
20100804
(20100804)
|
국제공개번호 |
WO2008/048477
(2008-04-24)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Cantemir, Codrin-Gruie
- Ursescu, Gabriel G.
- Rizzoni, Giorgio
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- The Ohio State University Research Foundation
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
6 인용 특허 :
3 |
초록
▼
A powertrain is adapted to drive ground-engaging elements disposed along longitudinally-opposing sides of a vehicle. The powertrain includes at least one engine, a first electric machine, a second electric machine, a third electric machine, a first differential mechanism and a second differential me
A powertrain is adapted to drive ground-engaging elements disposed along longitudinally-opposing sides of a vehicle. The powertrain includes at least one engine, a first electric machine, a second electric machine, a third electric machine, a first differential mechanism and a second differential mechanism. The engine and first electric machine are operatively connected to the first and second differential mechanisms. The second electric machine is operatively connected to the first differential mechanism and the third electric machine is operatively connected to the second differential mechanism. The first and second differential mechanisms are each operatively connected to drivably engage one or more ground-engaging elements disposed on a different one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle. A vehicle including such a powertrain as well as methods of using the same are also included.
대표청구항
▼
1. A vehicle comprising: a vehicle structural assembly having a longitudinally-extending centerline with first and second vehicle structure portions extending along opposing sides of said centerline; a first plurality of ground-engaging elements operatively disposed along said first vehicle structur
1. A vehicle comprising: a vehicle structural assembly having a longitudinally-extending centerline with first and second vehicle structure portions extending along opposing sides of said centerline; a first plurality of ground-engaging elements operatively disposed along said first vehicle structure portion on one of said opposing sides of said centerline;a second plurality of ground-engaging elements operatively disposed along said second vehicle structure portion on the other of said opposing sides of said centerline; and,a vehicle powertrain drivably engaging one or more ground-engaging elements of each of said first and second pluralities of ground-engaging elements, said vehicle powertrain including: at least one engine including an engine rotational connection;a first electric machine including a first EM rotational connection operatively connected to said engine rotational connection;a second electric machine including a second EM rotational connection and a third EM rotational connection;a third electric machine including a fourth EM rotational connection and a fifth EM rotational connection;a first differential including first, second and third DF rotational connections, said first DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection, said second DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said second EM rotational connection, and said third DF rotational connection being operatively connected to drivably engage said first plurality of ground-engaging elements on said one opposing side of said centerline;a second differential having fourth, fifth and sixth DF rotational connections, said fourth DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection, said fifth DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said fourth EM rotational connection, and said sixth DF rotational connection being operatively connected to drivably engage said second plurality of ground-engaging elements on said other opposing side of said centerline; and,a differential shaft operatively connected between said third and fifth EM rotational connections. 2. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said vehicle structural assembly includes a personnel compartment disposed along said centerline, and one or more of said engine, said first electric machine, said second electric machine, said third electric machine, said first differential and said second differential is disposed along said vehicle structural assembly outwardly of said personnel compartment and thereby provides supplemental shielding of said personnel compartment. 3. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said rotational power output of said at least one engine is approximately equal to a combined total rotational power output of said first, second and third electric machines such that said at least one engine can drive said first, second and third electric machines and thereby generate electrical power. 4. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said ground-engaging elements are wheels, and said vehicle structural assembly includes one of a symmetric all-wheel steering system and a non-symmetric all-wheel steering system. 5. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said at least one engine is a first engine and said rotational connection thereof is a first engine rotational connection, said powertrain includes a second engine that includes a second engine rotational connection, and said first electric machine includes a sixth EM rotational connection operatively connected to said second engine rotational connection of said second engine. 6. A vehicle according to claim 1 further comprising an electrical control system in communication with at least said first electric machine, said second electric machine and said third electric machine. 7. A vehicle according to claim 6 further comprising an electrical storage device in communication said electrical control system and adapted to transfer electrical power to and from at least one of said first electric machine, said second electric machine and said third electric machine. 8. A powertrain adapted to drive one or more of a plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed along longitudinally-opposing sides of an associated vehicle, said powertrain comprising: at least one engine including an engine rotational connection;a first electric machine including a first EM rotational connection operatively connected to said engine rotational connection;a second electric machine including a second EM rotational connection and a third EM rotational connection;a third electric machine including a fourth EM rotational connection and a fifth EM rotational connection;a first differential mechanism including first, second and third DF rotational connections, said first DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection, said second DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said second EM rotational connection, and said third DF rotational connection operatively connected to drivably engage one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle; and,a second differential mechanism including fourth, fifth and sixth DF rotational connections, said fourth DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection, said fifth DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said fourth EM rotational connection, and said sixth DF rotational connection operatively connected to drivably engage one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on the other of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle; and,a differential shaft operatively connecting said third and fifth EM rotational connections. 9. A powertrain according to claim 8 further comprising clutch operatively disposed between said third and fifth EM rotational connections, said clutch being operative to selectively interconnect said third and fifth EM rotational connections. 10. A powertrain according to claim 9, wherein said differential shaft includes first and second shaft portions and said clutch is operatively interconnected between said first and second shaft portions. 11. A powertrain according to claim 9, wherein said clutch is a first clutch connected between said second EM rotational connection and said differential shaft, and said powertrain further comprises a second clutch connected between said fourth EM rotational connection and said differential shaft. 12. A powertrain according to claim 8, wherein said at least one engine is a first engine and said rotational connection thereof is a first engine rotational connection, said powertrain further comprising a second engine that includes a second engine rotational connection, and wherein said first electric machine includes a sixth EM rotational connection operatively connected to said second engine rotational connection of said second engine. 13. A powertrain according to claim 12 further comprising first and second clutches, said first clutch operatively disposed between said first engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection for selectively disconnecting said first engine and said first electric machine, and said second clutch operatively disposed between said second engine rotational connection and said sixth EM rotational connection for selectively disconnecting said second engine and said first electric machine. 14. A powertrain according to claim 8 further comprising third and fourth differential mechanisms, said third differential mechanism operatively connected between said third DF rotational connection of said first differential mechanism and one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on the one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle, and said fourth differential mechanism operatively connected between said sixth DF rotational connection of said second differential mechanism and the one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on the other longitudinally-opposing side of the associated vehicle. 15. A powertrain according to claim 8 further comprising a clutch operatively disposed between said engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection, said clutch being operative to selectively disconnect said engine and first EM rotational connections. 16. A powertrain adapted to drive one or more of a plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed along longitudinally-opposing sides of an associated vehicle, said powertrain comprising: at least one engine including an engine rotational connection;a first electric machine including a first EM rotational connection operatively connected to said engine rotational connection;a second electric machine including a second EM rotational connection;a third electric machine including a third EM rotational connection;a first differential mechanism operatively connected to said engine rotational connection, said first EM rotational connection, said second EM rotational connection, and one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle;a second differential mechanism operatively connected to said engine rotational connection, said first EM rotational connection, said third EM rotational connection, and one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on the other of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle; and,a power electronics module in electrical communication with at least said first, second and third electric machines;said powertrain configured for two or more modes of operation selected from the group consisting of: a first mode of operation in which said powertrain is adapted for high speed, low torque operation during which electrical power is generated by said first electric machine and transmitted to at least one of said second and third electric machines to drive one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed at least one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle;a second mode of operation in which said powertrain is adapted for operation as a stationary electrical power generator during which rotational output from said at least one engine is transmitted to two or more of said first, second and third electric machines such that said two or more of said first, second and third electric machines generate electrical power and transmits at least a portion of said electrical power to said power electronics module with said power electronics module being capable of delivering electrical power to an external power connection;a third mode of operation in which said powertrain is adapted for low-speed, high-torque operation during which electrical power is generated by said second and third electric machines and transmitted to said first electric machine to drive one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed at least one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle; and,a fourth mode of operation in which said powertrain is adapted for engine-only operation during which said first, second and third electric machines are electrically inoperable and rotational output from said at least one engine is transmitted to at least one of said first and second differential mechanisms to drive one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed at least one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle. 17. A powertrain according to claim 16, wherein said first differential mechanism includes first, second and third DF rotational connections with said first DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection, said second DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said second EM rotational connection, and said third DF rotational connection operatively connected to drivably engage one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on one of the longitudinally-opposing sides of the associated vehicle; and, said second differential mechanism includes fourth, fifth and sixth DF rotational connections, said fourth DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said engine rotational connection and said first EM rotational connection, said fifth DF rotational connection being operatively connected to said third EM rotational connection, and said sixth DF rotational connection operatively connected to drivably engage one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on the other longitudinally-opposing side of the associated vehicle. 18. A powertrain according to claim 16, wherein said at least one engine is a first engine and said rotational connection thereof is a first engine rotational connection, said powertrain further comprising a second engine that includes a second engine rotational connection, and wherein said first electric machine is operatively connected to said second engine rotational connection of said second engine in at least one of said two or more modes of operation. 19. A powertrain according to claim 16, wherein said two or more modes of operation include said first mode of operation and in which said powertrain is configured for operation such that rotational output from said at least one engine to can be transmitted to said first electric machine and said first and second differential mechanisms, said first electric machine can generate electrical power and transmit at least a portion of said electrical power to said power electronics module such that in said first mode of operation said power electronics module can distribute at least a portion of said electrical power to at least one of said second and third electric machines and such that in said first mode of operation said at least one of said second and third electric machines can generate rotational output and transmit said rotational output to a corresponding one of said first and second differential mechanisms. 20. A powertrain according to claim 16, wherein said two or more modes of operation include said second mode of operation and in which said powertrain is configured for operation such that rotational output from said at least one engine can be transmitted to said first electric machine, and such that one or more DF rotational connections of each of said first and second differential mechanisms can be maintained in a non-rotatable condition such that rotational output from said at least one engine can be transmitted to said second and third electric machines such that in said second mode of operation said second and third electric machines can generate electrical power and transmit at least a portion of said electrical power to said power electronics module. 21. A powertrain according to claim 16, wherein said two or more modes of operation include said third mode of operation and in which said powertrain is configured for operation such that rotational output from said at least one engine and said first electric machine can be transmitted to said first and second differential mechanisms with said first differential mechanism transmitting rotational output to said second electric machine and to one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on the one longitudinally-opposing side of the associated vehicle and with said second differential mechanism transmitting rotational output to said third electric machine and to the one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements disposed on the other longitudinally-opposing side of the associated vehicle, said second and third electric machines being configured to generate electrical power and transmit at least a portion of said electrical power to said power electronics module with said power electronics module being configured in said third mode of operation to distribute at least a portion of said electrical power to said first electric machine. 22. A powertrain according to claim 16, wherein said two or more modes of operation include said fourth mode of operation and in which said powertrain is configured for operation such that said second and third electric machines are operatively connected with one another such that rotational output from said first and second differential mechanisms is respectively reacted to said second and third electric machines without relative rotation between said second and third electric machines. 23. A powertrain according to claim 16, wherein said two or more modes of operation include said first mode of operation and in which said powertrain is configured for operation such that said second and third electric machines are independently operable relative to one another and such that said first mode of operation includes at least one of: said second and third electric machines are configured for operation in a common direction and at different rotational outputs such that motive power delivered to each of longitudinally-opposing side of the associated vehicle can be independently controlled; and,said second and third electric machines are configured for operation in opposing directions such that one or more of the plurality of associated ground-engaging elements along longitudinally-opposing side of the associated vehicle can rotate in opposing directions. 24. A powertrain according to claim 16 further comprising a differential shaft operatively connected between said second and third electric motors in at least said fourth mode of operation of said powertrain. 25. A powertrain according to claim 24, wherein said differential shaft includes first and second shaft portions, and said powertrain further comprises a clutch is operatively interconnected between said first and second shaft portions, said clutch configured to be selectively disengaged in at least one of said two or more modes of operation of said powertrain.
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