Process for the production of alcohols from biomass
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C12P-007/02
C12P-007/10
C12P-007/16
D21C-003/02
출원번호
US-0332276
(2011-12-20)
등록번호
US-8609379
(2013-12-17)
발명자
/ 주소
Chheda, Juben Nemchand
Van Der Heide, Evert
출원인 / 주소
Shell Oil Company
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
6인용 특허 :
14
초록▼
Alcohols useful as fuel compositions are produced from biomass by pretreating the biomass prior to hydrolysis and fermentation. In the pretreatment, the biomass is contacted with an aqueous solution containing a dilute acid with concentration of up to 10 wt % producing a predigested stream containin
Alcohols useful as fuel compositions are produced from biomass by pretreating the biomass prior to hydrolysis and fermentation. In the pretreatment, the biomass is contacted with an aqueous solution containing a dilute acid with concentration of up to 10 wt % producing a predigested stream containing an aqueous liquor that contains at least a portion of hemicelluloses and a residual biomass that contains celluloses and lignin; separating at least a portion of the aqueous liquor from the residual biomass providing an aqueous liquor stream and a pre-digested biomass stream; then contacting the pre-digested biomass stream with a cooking liquor containing at least one alkali selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof and water. A process that allows for higher recovery of carbohydrates and thereby increased yields is provided.
대표청구항▼
1. A process for producing alcohol is provided comprising: (a) providing a biomass containing celluloses, hemicelluloses and lignin;(b) contacting said biomass at a temperature within the range from about 130° C. to about 230° C. with an aqueous solution comprising a dilute acid with concentration o
1. A process for producing alcohol is provided comprising: (a) providing a biomass containing celluloses, hemicelluloses and lignin;(b) contacting said biomass at a temperature within the range from about 130° C. to about 230° C. with an aqueous solution comprising a dilute acid with concentration of up to 10 wt % in an aqueous solution to biomass ratio in the range of 2 to 10 thereby producing a predigested stream comprising an aqueous liquor comprising at least a portion of hemicelluloses and a residual biomass comprising celluloses and lignin;(c) separating at least a portion of the aqueous liquor from the residual biomass thereby providing an aqueous liquor stream and a pre-digested biomass stream;(d) contacting said pre-digested biomass stream with a cooking liquor comprising (i) about 0.5 to about 20 wt %, based on the cooking liquor, of at least one alkali selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide, and mixtures thereof and (ii) water, at a cooking liquor to biomass ratio within the range of 2 to 6, at a temperature within the range of 60° C. to 230° C. to provide a digested biomass stream containing digested biomass containing cellulosic material, hemicellulosic material, and lignin, and a chemical liquor stream containing at least one sodium compound, potassium compound, or ammonium compound;(e) washing the digested biomass stream with a water stream thereby removing at least a portion of lignin and hemicellulosic material and producing washed digested biomass stream;(f) hydrolyzing the washed digested biomass stream by treating the streams with an enzyme solution comprising cellulases and optionally xylanases at a pH within the range of about 3 to about 7 at a temperature within the range of 30° C. to 90° C. to produce a hydrolyzate containing from about 4% to 30% by weight of fermentable sugar;(g) fermenting the hydrolyzate in the presence of a microorganism at a temperature with the range of about 25° C. to about 55° C. at a pH within the range of about 4 to about 6 thereby producing an alcohol stream containing at least one alcohol having 2 to 18 carbon atoms; and(h) recovering at least one of said alcohol from the alcohol stream and producing an aqueous effluent stream. 2. The process of claim 1 further comprising providing at least a portion of the aqueous liquor stream to the hydrolyzate prior to fermenting in step (g). 3. The process of claim 2 further comprising subjecting the washed digested biomass stream to oxygen delignification and mechanically refining solids in the washed digested biomass stream prior to contacting the washed digested biomass stream with cellulases in step (f), thereby reducing the solids in size. 4. The process of claim 2 wherein in step (e) the water stream is flowing countercurrent to the digested biomass steam. 5. The process of claim 1 further comprising providing at least a portion of the aqueous liquor stream to the washed digested biomass stream prior to hydrolyzing in step (f). 6. The process of claim 1 wherein 0.1 to 3%, based on the cooking liquor, of anthraquinone, sodium borate and/or polysulfides is present in the cooking liquor of (d). 7. The process of claim 1 further comprising concentrating the washed digested biomass stream from step (e) by mechanical dewatering prior to contacting the washed digested biomass stream with cellulases in step (f) thereby increasing the solids content of the washed digested biomass stream from 15 to 40 wt % solids. 8. The process of claim 7 further comprising subjecting the thus-concentrated washed digested biomass stream to oxygen delignification prior to contacting the washed digested biomass stream with cellulases in step (f). 9. The process of claim 7 further comprising subjecting the thus-concentrated washed digested biomass stream to mechanically refining solids in the washed digested biomass stream prior to contacting the washed digested biomass stream with cellulases in step (f), thereby reducing the solids in size. 10. The process of claim 7 further comprising subjecting the thus-concentrated washed digested biomass stream to oxygen delignification and mechanically refining solids in the washed digested biomass stream prior to contacting the washed digested biomass stream with cellulases in step (f), thereby reducing the solids in size. 11. The process of claim 1 further comprising subjecting the washed digested biomass stream to oxygen delignification prior to contacting the washed digested biomass stream with cellulases in step (f). 12. The process of claim 1 further comprising mechanically refining solids in the washed digested biomass stream prior to contacting the washed digested biomass stream with cellulases in step (f), thereby reducing the solids in size. 13. The process of claim 1 further comprising (i) removing at least a portion of the lignin from one of washed digested biomass stream, hydrolyzate, or alcohol stream prior to step (d) or (e) thereby providing a washed digested biomass stream, hydrolyzate, or alcohol stream containing less than 5% lignin content based on said stream. 14. The process of claim 1 further comprising, (j) concentrating the chemical liquor stream from step (d) to produce a concentrated chemical liquor stream, (k) burning said concentrated chemical liquor stream to produce a chemical recycle stream, (1) recausticizing said chemical recycle stream to produce a cooking liquor feed stream, and (m) recycling the cooking feed stream to the digester in step (d) as at least a portion of the cooking liquor. 15. The process of claim 14 further comprising (n) removing at least a portion of the lignin from the aqueous effluent stream to produce an aqueous effluent recycle stream which is recycled through the chemical recycle stream. 16. The process of claim 1 where the cooking liquor has a pH from 8 to 14 and a temperature in the range of 100° C. to 230° C. 17. The process of claim 1 wherein the cooking liquor comprises 0.5 to 20 wt %, based on the cooking liquor, of sodium hydroxide. 18. The process of claim 1 wherein the cooking liquor has a sulfidity in the range from about 15% to about 40%. 19. The process of claim 1 wherein the active alkali is in the range of 10 to 20%. 20. The process of claim 1 wherein the cooking liquor to biomass ratio is in the range of 3 to 5.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (14)
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