[특허]Data center uninterruptible power distribution architecture

Exaflop LLC

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Data center uninterruptible power distribution architecture

국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	H02J-009/00
미국특허분류(USC)	307/066; 307/064
출원번호	US-0432567 (2009-04-29)
등록번호	US-8624433 (2014-01-07)
발명자 / 주소	Whitted, William Sykora, Montgomery Krieger, Ken Jai, Benchiao Hamburgen, William Clidaras, Jimmy Beaty, Donald L. Aigner, Gerald
출원인 / 주소	Exaflop LLC
대리인 / 주소	Fish & Richardson P.C.
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 10 인용 특허 : 42

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Apparatus and associated method and computer program products involve a highly efficient uninterruptible power distribution architecture to support modular processing units. As an illustrative example, a modular processing unit includes an corresponding uninterruptible power system in which only one AC-to-DC rectification occurs between the utility AC grid and the processing circuit (e.g., microprocessor) loads. In an illustrative data center facility, a power distribution architecture includes a modular array of rack-mountable processing units, each of which has processing circuitry to handle network-related processing tasks. Associated with each modular processing unit is an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to supply operating power to the network processing circuitry. Each UPS includes a battery selectively connectable across a DC bus, and a AC-to-DC rectifier that converts an AC input voltage to a single output voltage on the DC bus. The regulated DC bus voltage may be close to the battery's fully charged voltage.

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1. A controller for managing an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) comprising an AC-to-DC converter and at least one DC power source, the controller implemented by one or more hardware devices configured to perform operations comprising: detecting a fault condition in an AC input voltage received by the UPS from an electrical main AC source;in response to the fault condition, electrically connecting the DC power source across the DC bus, the DC power source providing a DC output voltage across the DC bus;electrically disconnecting the DC power source from across the DC bus in response to termination of the fault condition;electrically connecting the AC-to-DC converter across the DC bus, the AC-to-DC converter adapted to perform AC-to-DC conversion between the electrical main AC source and the DC bus, the AC-to-DC converter providing the DC output voltage across the DC bus; andregulating the DC output voltage from the AC-to-DC converter to a voltage level above and substantially near a set point associated with the DC power source. 2. The controller of claim 1, wherein the set point comprises at least one of: a static voltage set point;a dynamically determined voltage set point;an electrical characteristic of the power source. 3. The controller of claim 1, wherein the DC power source comprises a battery. 4. The controller of claim 3, the operations further comprising in response to a battery test operation, electrically connecting the battery across the DC bus, the battery providing a DC output voltage across the DC bus. 5. The controller of claim 1, the operations further comprising: receiving a signal indicative of termination of the fault condition in the AC input voltage;subsequent to receipt of the signal, initiating a delay time period corresponding to a delay time parameter stored in a data store; andsubsequent to the delay time period, regulating the DC output voltage from the AC-to-DC converter to a voltage level above and substantially near a set point associated with the power source. 6. The controller of claim 5, the operations further comprising generating a pseudo-random value for the delay time parameter based on at least one of a serial number of at least one component of the UPS or a start-up machine time of at least one DC load component electrically connected to the DC bus. 7. The controller of claim 1, wherein detecting a fault condition in the AC input voltage comprises: monitoring an electrical condition comprising at least one of: the AC input voltage;a voltage status signal provided by a voltage monitoring circuit electrically connected to the UPS; andthe DC output voltage; anddetermining that the monitored electrical condition is indicative of the fault condition. 8. The controller of claim 1, wherein electrically connecting the power source across the DC bus comprises closing a switch electrically connected to the power source and the DC bus, and wherein electrically disconnecting the power source from across the DC bus comprises opening the switch. 9. The controller of claim 1, the operations further comprising: setting a timer to a backup duration time period;during the backup duration time period, determining that the DC output voltage is less than a minimum power source voltage;based on the DC output voltage less than the minimum power source voltage during the backup duration time period, signaling to the at least one DC load component to shut down; andelectrically disconnecting the power source from across the DC bus. 10. The controller of claim 1, wherein regulating the DC output voltage from the AC-to-DC converter to a voltage level above and substantially near a set point associated with the power source comprises regulating the DC output voltage to approximately 1 Volt above the maximum nominal charge voltage of the power source. 11. The controller of claim 1, wherein the DC output voltage comprises a first DC output voltage and the UPS further comprises at least one DC-DC converter, the operations further comprising controlling the DC-DC converter to convert the first DC output voltage to a second DC output voltage distinct from the first DC output voltage. 12. A computer-implemented method for managing an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) comprising an AC-to-DC converter and at least one DC power source, the method comprising: detecting a fault condition in an AC input voltage received by the UPS from an electrical main AC source;in response to the fault condition, electrically connecting the DC power source across a DC bus, the DC power source providing a DC output voltage across the DC bus;electrically disconnecting the DC power source from across the DC bus in response to removal of the fault condition;electrically connecting the AC-to-DC converter across the DC bus, the AC-to-DC converter adapted to perform AC-to-DC conversion between the electrical main AC source and the DC bus, the AC-to-DC converter providing the DC output voltage across the DC bus; andregulating the DC output voltage from the AC-to-DC converter to a voltage level above and substantially near a set point associated with the power source. 13. The method of claim 12 further comprising: receiving a signal indicative of termination of the fault condition in the AC input voltage;subsequent to receipt of the signal, initiating a delay time period corresponding to a delay time parameter stored in a data store; andsubsequent to the delay time period, regulating the DC output voltage from the AC-to-DC converter to a voltage level above and substantially near a set point associated with the power source. 14. The method of claim 12 further comprising generating a pseudo-random value for the delay time parameter based on at least one of a serial number of at least one component of the UPS or a start-up machine time of at least one DC load component electrically connected to the DC bus. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein detecting a fault condition in the AC input voltage comprises: monitoring an electrical condition comprising at least one of: the AC input voltage;a voltage status signal provided by a voltage monitoring circuit electrically connected to the UPS; andthe DC output voltage; anddetermining that the monitored electrical condition is indicative of the fault condition. 16. The method of claim 12 further comprising: setting a timer to a backup duration time period;during the backup duration time period, determining that the DC output voltage is less than a minimum power source voltage;based on the DC output voltage less than the minimum power source voltage during the backup duration time period, signaling to the at least one DC load component to shut down; andelectrically disconnecting the power source from across the DC bus. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein regulating the DC output voltage from the AC-to-DC converter to a voltage level above and substantially near a set point associated with the power source comprises regulating the DC output voltage to approximately 1 Volt above the maximum nominal charge voltage of the power source. 18. The method of claim 12, wherein the DC output voltage comprises a first DC output voltage and the UPS further comprises at least one DC-DC converter, the operations further comprising controlling the DC-DC converter to convert the first DC output voltage to a second DC output voltage distinct from the first DC output voltage. 19. A power distribution system for a data processing rack, comprising: a mounting rack comprising a plurality of slots adapted to receive a corresponding plurality of trays, each tray comprising a DC load including at least one of a data processing element or a data storage element;an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) supported by the mounting rack and electrically coupled to at least two of the DC loads on the corresponding two trays of the plurality of trays, the UPS comprising: an incoming AC bus adapted to receive an AC input power from an electrical main AC source;an AC-to-DC converter adapted to perform AC-to-DC conversion between the electrical main AC source and a DC bus electrically connected to the DC loads corresponding to the at least two trays, the AC-to-DC converter adapted to provide a DC output power to the DC loads corresponding to the at least two trays during a normal operation state; andat least one battery electrically connectable across the DC bus and operable to provide the DC output power to the DC loads corresponding to the at least two trays; anda controller adapted to electrically connect the AC-to-DC converter to the DC bus during the normal operation state and electrically connect the at least one battery to the DC bus in response to a fault condition at the electrical main AC source, the controller adapted to regulate the DC output power from the AC-to-DC converter to a power level above and substantially near a set point associated with the at least one battery. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the controller is further adapted to: receive a signal indicative of termination of the fault condition in the AC input power;subsequent to receipt of the signal, initiate a delay time period corresponding to a delay time parameter stored in a data store; andsubsequent to the delay time period, regulate the DC output power from the AC-to-DC converter to a power level above and substantially near a set point associated with the at least one battery. 21. The system of claim 19, wherein the controller resides on the UPS. 22. The system of claim 19 further comprising a voltage monitoring circuit electrically connected to the UPS, wherein the controller is further adapted to: monitor an electrical condition comprising at least one of: the AC input power;a voltage status signal provided by the voltage monitoring circuit; andthe DC output power; anddetermine that the monitored electrical condition is indicative of the fault condition. 23. The system of claim 19 further comprising a switch electrically connected to the at least one battery and the DC bus, the switch adapted to close to electrically connect the at least one battery across the DC bus and open to electrically disconnect the at least one battery from across the DC bus. 24. The system of claim 19, wherein the controller is further adapted to regulate a DC output voltage to approximately 1 Volt above a maximum nominal charge voltage of the at least one battery. 25. The system of claim 19, wherein the DC output power comprises a first DC output power and the UPS further comprises at least one DC-DC converter, the controller further adapted to manage the DC-DC converter to convert the first DC output power to a second DC output power distinct from the first DC output power.

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Data center uninterruptible power distribution architecture

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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (42)

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