초록

The present invention provides a composition comprising functional mineral that is substantially free of crystalline silica. The agricultural particle film composition may be applied to horticultural plants and animals.

대표청구항 ▼

1. An agricultural substrate having an agricultural particle film thereon wherein said agricultural particle film comprises functional particles that are substantially free of crystalline silica and selected from the group consisting of water-processed hydrous kaolin or water-processed bentonite, an

1. An agricultural substrate having an agricultural particle film thereon wherein said agricultural particle film comprises functional particles that are substantially free of crystalline silica and selected from the group consisting of water-processed hydrous kaolin or water-processed bentonite, and said agricultural particle film is a crop protectant and is present in an amount greater than or equal to about an average of 20 micrograms per square centimeter on said substrate. 2. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film additionally comprises a chemical additive. 3. The agricultural substrate of claim 2 wherein said chemical additive is uniformly distributed among or on the functional particles. 4. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said functional particles are in beaded or agglomerated form. 5. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film additionally comprises a pest control agent. 6. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film comprises a functional amount of water-processed hydrous kaolin, wherein the agricultural particle film has a TiO2 content less than one percent by weight. 7. An agricultural substrate having an agricultural particle film thereon wherein said agricultural particle film comprises (a) functional particles selected from the group consisting of water-processed hydrous kaolin and water-processed bentonite and (b) a chemical additive that is uniformly distributed among or on said functional particles, and said agricultural particle film is a crop protectant and is present at greater than or equal to about an average of 20 micrograms per square centimeter on said substrate. 8. The agricultural substrate of claim 7 wherein said functional particles (a) are in beaded or agglomerated form. 9. The agricultural substrate of claim 7 wherein said agricultural particle film additionally comprises a pest control agent. 10. The agricultural substrate of claim 7 wherein the agricultural particle film additionally comprises a second chemical additive. 11. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said functional particles comprise water-processed hydrous kaolin. 12. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said functional particles comprise water-processed bentonite. 13. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film is present in an amount between 100 and 3000 micrograms per square centimeter average on said substrate. 14. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said functional particles have a GE Brightness equal to or greater than 85 and an average particle size less than 2 microns. 15. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film further comprises a surfactant, a dispersant, or both. 16. The agricultural substrate of claim 15 wherein said surfactant comprises an ethoxylated alkyl phenol. 17. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film further comprises a flocculating agent or coagulant. 18. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film further comprises a spreading agent and a volumization agent. 19. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein said agricultural particle film is present in an amount between 100 and 3000 micrograms per square centimeter average on said substrate and wherein said functional particles comprise water-processed hydrous kaolin having a GE brightness of at least 85. 20. An agricultural substrate having an agricultural particle film thereon wherein said agricultural particle film comprises functional particles that contain less than 0.25 by weight of crystalline silica, wherein said functional particles are selected from the group consisting of water-processed hydrous kaolin, water-processed natural calcium carbonate, water-processed bentonite, or mixture thereof, and said agricultural particle film is a crop protectant and is present in an amount from about 100 up to about 3,000 micrograms per square centimeter on said substrate. 21. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein said agricultural particle film is free of crystalline silica. 22. The agricultural substrate of claim 21 wherein said functional particles comprise water-processed hydrous kaolin having a GE brightness of at least 92. 23. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein said functional particles are hydrous kaolin having a GE brightness of at least 85. 24. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein said functional particles are water-processed bentonite having a GE brightness of at least 85. 25. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein said agricultural particle film is present in an amount between 100 and 3000 micrograms per square centimeter average on said substrate and wherein said functional particles are water-processed natural calcium carbonate which is substantially free of crystalline silica. 26. The agricultural substrate of claim 7 wherein said chemical additive is applied to the particles during the step of water processing the particles. 27. The agricultural substrate of claim 7 wherein said chemical additive improves the optical properties of said agricultural particle film. 28. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein the functional particles are water-processed hydrous kaolin that has been delaminated. 29. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein the functional particles are water-processed bentonite that has been delaminated. 30. The agricultural substrate of claim 1 wherein the functional particles have a median particle size equal to or less than about 0.4 micron. 31. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein the functional particles are water-processed natural calcium carbonate which further comprises dolomite, said functional particles having a median particle size equal to or less than about 0.4 micron. 32. The agricultural substrate of claim 31 wherein the functional particles are substantially free of crystalline silica. 33. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein the functional particles comprise a surfactant, said surfactant having been added to a slurry of said functional particles which were dried so the surfactant is physically forced to associate with and deposit on the surface of the particle. 34. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein the functional particles have a specific surface area of 50 square meters per gram or higher. 35. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein the functional particles have a bimodal particle size distribution to allow passage of photosynthetic active radiation while filtering and excluding harmful infrared and ultraviolet radiation. 36. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein the functional particles have a trimodal particle size distribution. 37. The agricultural substrate of claim 20 wherein the functional particles are water-processed natural calcium carbonate and wherein the functional particles have a bimodal or trimodal particle size distribution to allow passage of photosynthetic active radiation while filtering and excluding harmful infrared and ultraviolet radiation.