초록 ▼

An acid or base is generated in an aqueous solution by the steps of: (a) providing a source of first ions adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone, separated by a first barrier (e.g., anion exchange membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow and transporting ions only o

An acid or base is generated in an aqueous solution by the steps of: (a) providing a source of first ions adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone, separated by a first barrier (e.g., anion exchange membrane) substantially preventing liquid flow and transporting ions only of the same charge as said first ions,(b) providing a source of second ions of opposite charge adjacent an aqueous liquid in a second acid or base generation zone, separated by a second barrier transporting ions only of the same charge as the second ions, and(c) transporting ions across the first barrier by applying an electrical potential through said first and second zones to generate an acid-containing aqueous solution in one of said first or second zones and a base-containing aqueous solution in the other one which may be combined to form a salt. Also, electrolytic apparatus for performing the above method.

대표청구항 ▼

1. Apparatus comprising: (a) a source of first ions in a substantially non-flowing solution adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone, said first ion source and first zone being separated by a first barrier portion substantially preventing liquid flow through the first barri

1. Apparatus comprising: (a) a source of first ions in a substantially non-flowing solution adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone, said first ion source and first zone being separated by a first barrier portion substantially preventing liquid flow through the first barrier portion and transporting ions only of the same charge as said first ions, (b) a source of second ions of opposite charge to said first ions in a substantially non-flowing solution adjacent an aqueous liquid in a second acid or base generation zone, said second ion source and second zone being separated by a second barrier portion substantially preventing liquid flow through the second barrier portion and transporting ions only of the same charge as said second ions, said second barrier portion being of opposite charge to said first barrier portion, said first and second barrier portions being connected and forming part or all of an integral barrier to bulk liquid flow, said first and second generation zones being in fluid communication with each other, whereby first ions and second ions generated in said respective zones can mix in a mixing chamber having an outlet, optionally comprising one of said first or second zones, to form a salt-containing solution therein suitable for use as an eluent for liquid chromatography, and (c) a first electrode in electrical communication with said first zone and a second electrode in electrical communication with said second zone, said first and second electrodes being disposed so that, when attached to a power source, current passes between said first and second electrodes through said first and second zones. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said first ion source is in a first reservoir and said second ion source is in a second reservoir separated from said first one. 3. The apparatus of claim 2 in which said first electrode is in said first reservoir and said second electrode is in said second reservoir. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said first and second ion sources are disposed in a common reservoir. 5. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said first and second barrier portions are independent barriers, preventing bulk liquid flow from said first and second reservoirs to said first and second acid or base generation zones, respectively. 6. Apparatus comprising: (a) a source of first ions in a substantially non-flowing solution adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone, said first ion source and first zone being separated by a first barrier portion substantially preventing liquid flow through the first barrier portion and transporting ions only of the same charge as said first ions, (b) a source of second ions of opposite charge to said first ions in a substantially non-flowing solution adjacent an aqueous liquid in a second acid or base generation zone, said second ion source and second zone being separated by a second barrier portion substantially preventing liquid flow through the second barrier portion and transporting ions only of the same charge as said second ions, said second barrier portion being of opposite charge to said first barrier portion, said first and second generation zones being in fluid communication with each other, whereby first ions and second ions generated in said respective zones can mix in a mixing chamber having an outlet, optionally comprising one of said first or second zones, to form a salt-containing solution therein suitable for use as an eluent for liquid chromatography, (c) a first electrode in electrical communication with said first zone and a second electrode in electrical communication with said second zone, said first and second electrodes being disposed so that, when attached to a power source, current passes between said first and second electrodes through said first and second zones; and (d) an electrolytic pH modifier in fluid communication with the outlet of said mixing chamber to modify the pH of salt exiting said outlet, said pH modifier comprising a pH modifier flow channel, a pH modifier barrier adjacent said pH modifier flow channel substantially preventing liquid flow and transporting ions of one charge only and third and fourth spaced electrodes disposed on opposite sides of said pH modifier harrier 7. Apparatus comprising: (a) a source of first ions in a substantially non-flowing solution adjacent an aqueous liquid in a first acid or base generation zone, said first ion source and first zone being separated by a first barrier portion substantially preventing liquid flow through the first barrier portion and transporting ions only of the same charge as said first ions, (b) a source of second ions of opposite charge to said first ions in a substantially non-flowing solution adjacent an aqueous liquid in a second acid or base generation zone, said second ion source and second zone being separated by a second barrier portion substantially preventing liquid flow through the second barrier portion and transporting ions only of the same charge as said second ions, said second barrier portion being of opposite charge to said first barrier portion, said first and second barrier portions being separated by an electrical insulator and forming a composite barrier against bulk liquid flow, said first and second generation zones being in fluid communication with each other, whereby first ions and second ions generated in said respective zones can mix in a mixing chamber having an outlet, optionally comprising one of said first or second zones, to form a salt-containing solution therein suitable for use as an eluent for liquid chromatography, and (c) a first electrode in electrical communication with said first zone and a second electrode in electrical communication with said second zone, said first and second electrodes being disposed so that, when attached to a power source, current passes between said first and second electrodes through said first and second zones. 8. The apparatus of claim 7 in which said first ion source is in a first reservoir and said second ion source is in a second reservoir separated from said first one. 9. The apparatus of claim 7 in which said first and second ion sources are disposed in a common reservoir. 10. The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising an electrolytic pH modifier in fluid communication with the outlet of said mixing chamber to modify the pH of salt exiting said outlet, said pH modifier comprising a pH modifier flow channel, a pH modifier barrier adjacent said pH modifier flow channel substantially preventing liquid flow and transporting ions of one charge only and third and fourth spaced electrodes disposed on opposite sides of said pH modifier barrier.