Process, method, and system for removing heavy metals from fluids
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C10G-017/00
C10G-017/07
C10G-017/02
C10G-017/04
C10G-021/00
C10G-021/06
C10G-021/18
C10G-029/12
C10G-029/26
출원번호
US-0883578
(2010-09-16)
등록번호
US-8663460
(2014-03-04)
발명자
/ 주소
Gallup, Darrell Lynn
출원인 / 주소
Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Klaassen, Alan W.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
38
초록▼
Trace element levels of heavy metals such as mercury in crude oil are reduced by contacting the crude oil with an iodine source, generating a water soluble heavy metal complex for subsequent removal from the crude oil. In one embodiment, the iodine source is generated in-situ in an oxidation-reducti
Trace element levels of heavy metals such as mercury in crude oil are reduced by contacting the crude oil with an iodine source, generating a water soluble heavy metal complex for subsequent removal from the crude oil. In one embodiment, the iodine source is generated in-situ in an oxidation-reduction reaction, by adding the crude oil to an iodine species having a charge and a reductant or an oxidant depending on the charge of the iodine species. In one embodiment with an iodine species having a positive charge and a reducing reagent, a complexing agent is also added to the crude oil to extract the heavy metal complex into the water phase to form water soluble heavy metal complexes which can be separated from the crude oil, for a treated crude oil having reduced levels of heavy metals.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for treating a crude oil to reduce its mercury level, comprising: providing a crude oil containing an oil-water emulsion;converting at least a portion of mercury in the crude oil to water soluble mercuric iodide in the oil-water emulsion upon contact with a molecular iodine; andseparatin
1. A method for treating a crude oil to reduce its mercury level, comprising: providing a crude oil containing an oil-water emulsion;converting at least a portion of mercury in the crude oil to water soluble mercuric iodide in the oil-water emulsion upon contact with a molecular iodine; andseparating the oil-water emulsion to obtain a water phase containing the water soluble mercuric iodide and a treated crude oil having a reduced concentration of mercury, wherein the treated crude oil contains less than 10 ppb mercury. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the crude oil is brought into contact with molecular iodine by routing the crude oil through a bed containing solid iodine. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the crude oil is brought into contact with the molecular iodine by mixing the crude oil with a solution containing iodine in a solvent selected from methanol, naphtha, diesel, gasoline, mercury-free crude oil, and mixtures thereof. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the contact is carried out in a pipeline for transporting crude oil, and wherein molecular iodine is continuously or intermittently fed into the pipeline. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the contact is carried out in a vessel containing crude oil. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the crude oil is brought into contact with molecular iodine by sparging an iodine-containing gas stream into the crude oil. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the iodine-containing gas stream is formed by contacting a solid iodine source with a gas stream. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein molecular iodine is generated in-situ in solution in an oxidation-reduction reaction between an iodine species having a charge and a reagent which functions as a reductant or an oxidant depending on the charge of the iodine species. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the iodine species is positively charged, and the reagent functions as a reductant. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the iodine species is negatively charged, and the reagent functions as an oxidant. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the positively charged iodine species is selected from the group of periodic acid (H5IO6), potassium periodate (KIO4), sodium periodate (NaIO4), iodic acid (HIO3), potassium iodate (KIO3), potassium hydrogen iodate (KHI2O6), sodium iodate (NaIO3), iodine oxide (I2O5), iodine trichloride (ICl3), iodine monobromide (IBr), and iodine monochloride (ICl). 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the negatively charged iodine species is selected from the group of hydriodic acid (HI), sodium iodide (NaI), potassium iodide (KI), ammonium iodide (NH4I), aluminum iodide (AlI3), boron triodide (BI3), calcium iodide (CaI2), magnesium iodide (MgI2), iodoform (CHI3), tetraiodoethylene (C2I4), iodoethanol, iodoacetic anhydride ((ICH2CO)2O), iododecane (CH3(CH2)3I), and iodobenzene. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the reductant is selected from the group of thioureas, thiols, thiosulfates, ascorbates, imidazoles, and mixtures thereof. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the oxidant is selected from the group of peroxides, ozone (O3), iodates, bromine (Br2), monopersulfates, perborate, percarbonate, perchlorate, perphosphate, permanganate, alkali metal salts of peroxide, alkaline earth metal salts of peroxide, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein molecular iodine is present in a molar ratio of molecular iodine to mercury in the crude oil ranges from 1:1 to 30,000:1. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein molecular iodine is present in a molar ratio of molecular iodine to mercury in the crude oil ranges from 2:1 to 10,000:1. 17. A method for treating a crude oil to reduce its mercury level, comprising: providing a crude oil containing a water phase;converting at least a portion of mercury in the crude oil to water soluble mercuric iodide in the water phase upon contact with molecular iodine in a solvent; andseparating the water phase containing the water soluble mercuric iodide from the crude oil in a phase separation device for a treated crude oil having less than 10 ppb mercury. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the solvent is selected from the group of methanol, diesel, naphtha, gasoline, mercury-free crude oil, and mixtures thereof.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (38)
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Audeh Costandi A. (Princeton NJ) Hoffman Barry E. (Duncanville TX), Process for the production of natural gas condensate having a reduced amount of mercury from a mercury-containing natura.
Moore Sanders H. (Cleveland TN) Smith Maurice R. (Cleveland TN) Cochran Harvey B. (Englewood TN), Process for the purification of effluents and purge streams containing trace elements.
Cremers Adrien E. J. (Winksele BEX) Maes Andre P. A. (Kessel-Lo BEX) Piegneur Paul G. L. (Heverlee BEX), Process for the removal of metals from solution.
Johnson Marvin M. (Bartlesville OK) Simfukwe Maybin (Houston TX) Nowack Gerhard P. (Bartlesville OK) Kubicek Donald H. (Bartlesville OK), Reduced leaching of arsenic and/or mercury from solid wastes.
Kaczur Jerry J. (Cleveland TN) Tyler ; Jr. James C. (Athens TN) Simmons John J. (Cleveland TN), Stabilization of mercury in mercury-containing materials.
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