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A nucleic acid construct comprising a chimeric promoter sequence and a cloning site for insertion of a coding sequence in operable linkage with the chimeric promoter, wherein the chimeric promoter sequence comprises: (a) a hCMV immediate early promoter sequence; (b) exon 1 and at least a part of exo

A nucleic acid construct comprising a chimeric promoter sequence and a cloning site for insertion of a coding sequence in operable linkage with the chimeric promoter, wherein the chimeric promoter sequence comprises: (a) a hCMV immediate early promoter sequence; (b) exon 1 and at least a part of exon 2 of the hCMV major immediate early gene; and (c) a heterologous intron provided in place of the intron A region of the hCMV major immediate early gene.

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1. A recombinant nucleic acid construct comprising: (i) a chimeric promoter sequence which consists of: (a) a human cytomegalovirus immediate early (hCMV IE) promoter sequence;(b) the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2; and(c) a heterologous intron, which is positioned 3′ to the nucleotide sequence

1. A recombinant nucleic acid construct comprising: (i) a chimeric promoter sequence which consists of: (a) a human cytomegalovirus immediate early (hCMV IE) promoter sequence;(b) the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2; and(c) a heterologous intron, which is positioned 3′ to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:2;(ii) a coding sequence in operable linkage with the chimeric promoter;(iii) a non-translated leader sequence which is selected from the group consisting of: a hepatitis B virus preS2 (HBVpreS2) antigen sequence, a HBV e-antigen sequence, and a Herpes Simples virus type 2 glycoprotein D (HSV type 2gD) antigen sequence, and which is in operable linkage with the chimeric promoter; and(iv) an enhancer sequence which is derived from a 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of a hepatitis b surface antigen (HBsAg) sequence or of a simian cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate early gene sequence, which is in operable linkage with the chimeric promoter and which is downstream of the coding sequence. 2. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, wherein: the hCMV immediate early promoter sequence comprises SEQ ID NO:1;the non-translated leader sequence is selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, and SEQ ID NO:7;the enhancer sequence is selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO: 8 and SEQ ID NO: 9;the heterologous intron is selected from the group consisting of: a rat insulin gene intron A sequence, a chicken keratin gene intron A sequence, and a chicken cardiac actin gene intron A sequence;the construct further comprises a polyadenylation sequence; andthe construct further comprises a signal peptide. 3. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 2, wherein: the rat insulin gene intron A sequence which comprises SEQ ID No: 3;the polyadenylation sequence selected from the group consisting of: a rabbit B-globin gene, a human papilloma virus (HPV) early or late gene, a HSV-2 glycoprotein B (HSV-2gB) gene, a simian CMV immediate early gene, and a HSVgD late gene; andthe signal peptide is selected from the group consisting of: a human tissue plasminogen activator signal peptide (hTPAsp), an aprotinin signal peptide, a tobacco extensin signal peptide, and a chicken lysozyme signal peptide. 4. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 3, wherein the polyadenylation sequence is selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO:10, SEQ ID NO:11, SEQ ID NO:12, and SEQ ID NO:13. 5. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, wherein the construct is a plasmid vector. 6. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, wherein the coding sequence of the nucleic acid construct encodes an antigen. 7. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 6, wherein the coding sequence encodes an antigen selected from the group consisting of a viral antigen, a bacterial antigen, a parasitic antigen, a fungal pathogen antigen, an allergy antigen, and a cancer antigen. 8. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 7, wherein the viral antigen is selected from the group consisting of an HPV antigen, a HIV antigen, a Herpes Simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) antigen, a HSV2 antigen, an influenza virus antigen, a Hepatitis A virus antigen and a Hepatitis B virus antigen. 9. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 8, wherein the antigen is HBsAg. 10. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, wherein the coding sequence encodes a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: an ADP ribosylating bacterial subunit A, an ADP ribosylating bacterial subunit B, and both said subunits A and B. 11. The recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 10, wherein the bacterial subunit is selected from the group consisting of: Cholera toxin subunit A, Cholera toxin subunit B, Escherichia coli (E. coli) heat liable toxin subunit A, and (E. coli) heat labile toxin subunit B. 12. A composition comprising coated particles, suitable for delivery from a particle-mediated delivery device, which particles comprise carrier particles coated with the nucleic acid construct according to claim 1. 13. The composition comprising coated particles according to claim 12, wherein the carrier particles are gold or tungsten. 14. A dosage receptacle for a particle mediated delivery device comprising the composition comprising coated particles according to claim 13. 15. A particle mediated delivery device loaded with coated particles according to claim 13. 16. The particle mediated delivery device according to claim 15, which is a needleless syringe. 17. A pharmaceutical preparation comprising the nucleic acid construct according to claim 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 18. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, wherein the composition is an immunogenic composition and the coding sequence of the nucleic acid construct encodes an antigen. 19. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18, wherein the composition further comprises an additional recombinant nucleic acid construct comprising a coding sequence which encodes a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribosylating bacterial subunit A, an ADP ribosylating bacterial subunit B subunit, and both said subunits A and B. 20. A recombinant nucleic acid construct comprising a chimeric promoter sequence and a cloning site for insertion of a coding sequence in operable linkage with the chimeric promoter, wherein the chimeric promoter sequence consisting of: (a) a hCMV immediate early promoter sequence;(b) the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO. 2; and(c) a heterologous intron, which is positioned 3′ to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. 21. A composition comprising coated particles, suitable for delivery from a particle-mediated delivery device, which particles comprise carrier particles coated with the recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 20. 22. A dosage receptacle for a particle mediated delivery device comprising coated particles according to claim 21. 23. A particle mediated delivery device loaded with coated particles according to claim 21. 24. A pharmaceutical preparation comprising the recombinant nucleic acid construct according to claim 20 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 25. A purified isolated chimeric promoter sequence which consists of: (a) a hCMV immediate early promoter sequence;(b) the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO. 2; and(c) a heterologous intron, which is positioned 3′ to the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2.