Process, method, and system for removing heavy metals from fluids
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C10G-021/16
C10G-021/24
C10G-021/00
출원번호
US-0883921
(2010-09-16)
등록번호
US-8702975
(2014-04-22)
발명자
/ 주소
Gallup, Darrell L.
Yean, Sujin
출원인 / 주소
Chevron U.S.A. Inc.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
38
초록▼
Trace levels of heavy metals in fluids such as crude oil are reduced by contacting the crude oil with a composition comprising a compound of Formula (I), wherein X is an anion of valency n, the number of phosphonium cations present. In one embodiment, the composition further comprises a complexing
Trace levels of heavy metals in fluids such as crude oil are reduced by contacting the crude oil with a composition comprising a compound of Formula (I), wherein X is an anion of valency n, the number of phosphonium cations present. In one embodiment, the composition further comprises a complexing additive comprising an amine or corresponding ammonium derivative. Upon contact with the crude oil, the heavy metals form soluble complexes with the compound of Formula (I) for subsequent removal from the crude oil via phase separation.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for reducing mercury in a crude oil, comprising: providing a crude oil containing mercury in an oil-water emulsion;mixing the crude oil with a composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) in an aqueous solvent for a sufficient amount of time for the compound to form a water soluble m
1. A method for reducing mercury in a crude oil, comprising: providing a crude oil containing mercury in an oil-water emulsion;mixing the crude oil with a composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) in an aqueous solvent for a sufficient amount of time for the compound to form a water soluble mercury complex in the oil-water emulsion; wherein X is an anion of valency n; andseparating the oil-water emulsion in a phase separation device to obtain a water phase containing the water soluble mercury complex and a crude oil having a reduced concentration of mercury. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, lower alkyl carboxylates, bisulfate, bisulfate, hydrocarbyl sulfonates, dihydrogenphosphate, nitrate, hexafluorophosphate, sulfate, sulfite, monohydrogenphosphate, and phosphate. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the compound of Formula (I) is selected from tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate and tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the compound of Formula (I) is tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the compound of Formula (I) is tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced concentration is less than 100 ppb mercury. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the reduced concentration is less than 50 ppb mercury. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the reduced concentration is less than 20 ppb mercury. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the reduced concentration is less than 10 ppb mercury. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises an amine or ammonium derivative. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the amine or ammonium derivative is selected from the group consisting of alkylamines and their conjugate acids thereof. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the alkylamine and conjugate acids thereof is selected from the group consisting of methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, butylamine, tertbutylamine, and conjugate acids thereof. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound having Formula (I) is mixed into the crude oil at a molar ratio to mercury in the range of 1:1 to 50:1. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the molar ratio is in the range of 1.5:1 to 10:1. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the molar ratio is in the range of 2:1 to 5:1. 16. A method for reducing mercury in a crude oil, comprising: providing a crude oil containing mercury in an oil-water emulsion;mixing the crude oil with a composition comprising an amine or ammonium derivative with tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate for a sufficient amount of time to form a water soluble mercury complex in the oil-water emulsion; andseparating the oil-water emulsion in a phase separation device to obtain a water phase containing the water soluble mercury complex and a crude oil having a reduced concentration of mercury. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the mixing is for a sufficient amount of time for the crude oil to have a reduced concentration of mercury of 100 ppb or less. 18. A method for reducing mercury in a crude oil, comprising: providing a crude oil containing mercury in an oil-water emulsion;mixing the crude oil with a composition comprising an amine or ammonium derivative with tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride for a sufficient amount of time to form a water soluble mercury complex in the oil-water emulsion; andseparating the oil-water emulsion in a phase separation device to obtain a water phase containing the water soluble mercury complex and a crude oil having a reduced concentration of mercury.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (38)
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Nogueira Eduardo D. (Avda. Mediterraneo No. 47 Madrid ESX) Abad Angel L. R. (Gabriel Ruiz No. 7 Madrid ESX) Muntadas Manuel B. (Gil de Andrada No. 12 Madrid ESX) Vega Jose M. R. (San Ernesto No. 12 M, Process for elimination of mercury from industrial waste waters by means of extraction with solvents.
Audeh Costandi A. (Princeton NJ) Hoffman Barry E. (Duncanville TX), Process for the production of natural gas condensate having a reduced amount of mercury from a mercury-containing natura.
Moore Sanders H. (Cleveland TN) Smith Maurice R. (Cleveland TN) Cochran Harvey B. (Englewood TN), Process for the purification of effluents and purge streams containing trace elements.
Cremers Adrien E. J. (Winksele BEX) Maes Andre P. A. (Kessel-Lo BEX) Piegneur Paul G. L. (Heverlee BEX), Process for the removal of metals from solution.
Johnson Marvin M. (Bartlesville OK) Simfukwe Maybin (Houston TX) Nowack Gerhard P. (Bartlesville OK) Kubicek Donald H. (Bartlesville OK), Reduced leaching of arsenic and/or mercury from solid wastes.
Kaczur Jerry J. (Cleveland TN) Tyler ; Jr. James C. (Athens TN) Simmons John J. (Cleveland TN), Stabilization of mercury in mercury-containing materials.
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