Generating power from natural gas with carbon dioxide capture
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0763081
(2010-04-19)
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등록번호 |
US-8769961
(2014-07-08)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
10 |
초록
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Methods include producing a hydrogen rich fuel gas for a gas turbine ballasted with nitrogen and steam and superheated to a temperature above its dew point. The fuel gas may have a minimal or reduced content of CO2 or fuel components CO and CH4 which contain carbon so that when combusted in a suitab
Methods include producing a hydrogen rich fuel gas for a gas turbine ballasted with nitrogen and steam and superheated to a temperature above its dew point. The fuel gas may have a minimal or reduced content of CO2 or fuel components CO and CH4 which contain carbon so that when combusted in a suitable gas turbine there may be minimal or reduced emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere. These methods may result in a capture of the bulk of the carbon present in the total natural gas feed as CO2 compressed to pipeline delivery pressure for sequestration.
대표청구항
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1. A method for producing fuel gas mixture comprising; exothermically reacting a first portion of a hydrocarbon feed stream with steam, an oxidant gas comprising molecular oxygen to produce an exothermically generated syn-gas product, or a combination of the steam and the oxidant gas;endothermically
1. A method for producing fuel gas mixture comprising; exothermically reacting a first portion of a hydrocarbon feed stream with steam, an oxidant gas comprising molecular oxygen to produce an exothermically generated syn-gas product, or a combination of the steam and the oxidant gas;endothermically reforming a second portion of the hydrocarbon feed stream with steam over a catalyst in a heat exchange reformer to produce an endothermically-reformed syn-gas product, wherein at least a portion of heat used in generation of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product is obtained by recovering heat from the exothermically-generated syn-gas product and the endothermically reformed syn-gas product;cooling a combination of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product and the exothermically-generated syn-gas product to generate a cooled syn-gas stream;reducing a pressure of the cooled syn-gas stream in a power producing expansion turbine to the to generate a lower-pressure stream having a pressure for a power producing gas turbine;catalytically reacting the lower-pressure syngas in one or more catalytic carbon monoxide shift reactors to generate a combined stream including additional hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2);cooling the combined stream to near ambient temperature in a multipassage multi stream plate-fin heat exchanger which heats water for steam production for the syn-gas generation system and preheats fuel gas product and evaporates water for mixing with the fuel gas product;removing CO2 from the combined stream to generate a CO2-depleted syn-gas having a CO2 concentration below a specified threshold;generating oxygen and nitrogen in an air separation unit which is supplied with air produced from air compressors driven by a first gas turbine;mixing at least part of the nitrogen from the air separation unit with the CO2 depleted syn-gas plus evaporated water to provide a fuel gas for a second power producing gas turbine; andutilizing at least part of the heat in the first gas turbine exhaust, preheating fuel plus oxygen plus steam feeds to the syn-gas generation system. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the exothermically-generated syn-gas product is generated using a partial oxidation burner followed by a catalytic reforming section in a convectively heated steam plus hydrocarbon reformer. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed stream includes methane. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the CO2 removed from the combined syn-gas stream includes at least 80% of a total carbon present in the total hydrocarbon feed to the syn-gas generation system and the first gas turbine. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the CO2 is removed using at least one of a conventional physical scrubbing process or a conventional chemical scrubbing process. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the CO2-depleted syn-gas is generated using a combined CO shift conversion and CO2 adsorption cyclic reactor system operating at above 250° C. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the ratio of steam to carbon atoms combined with H2 in the hydrocarbon feed is greater than 5. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the pressure of the combined syn-gas stream leaving the steam boiler is greater than 60 bar. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the syn-gas expander exit pressure is below 45 bar. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the power generated from the first gas turbine provides all of the power required for the total CO2 depleted fuel gas mixed stream delivered to the second gas turbine for power production. 11. A method for producing power, comprising; exothermically reacting a first portion of a hydrocarbon feed stream with steam, an oxidant gas comprising molecular oxygen to produce an exothermically generated syn-gas product, or a combination of the steam and the oxidant gas;endothermically reforming a second portion of the hydrocarbon feed stream with steam over a catalyst in a heat exchange reformer to produce an endothermically-reformed syn-gas product, wherein at least a portion of heat used in generation of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product is obtained by recovering heat from the exothermically-generated syn-gas product;reducing a pressure of a combination of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product and the exothermically-generated syn-gas product in a power producing expansion turbine to generate a lower-pressure stream having a pressure for a power producing as turbine;reacting the lower pressure stream to generate a combined stream including additional H2 and CO2;removing CO2 from the combined stream to generate a fuel stream having a CO2 concentration below a specified threshold;sequestering the removed CO2;combusting a first part of the fuel stream to generate power for an air separation unit;combusting a second part of the fuel stream to generate additional power for downstream consumption; andheating, using the combusted first part and the combusted second part of the fuel stream, the hydrocarbon feed stream and water feeds to provide pre-heat feeds to a syn-gas generation system. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the exothermically-generated syn-gas product is generated using a partial oxidation burner followed by a catalytic reforming section in an autothermal reformer. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the feed stream includes methane. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the CO2 removed from the combine stream includes at least 80% of a total feed carbon. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the CO2 is removed using at least one of a conventional physical scrubbing process or a conventional chemical scrubbing process. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising: mixing an inert gas and steam with the fuel stream; andpassing the mixed fuel stream to a gas generator associated with generating the power. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising cooling the combination of the combination of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product and the exothermically-generated syn-gas product prior to the catalytic reaction. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the generated power powers a gas-to-liquid plant independent of an external power supply or fuel source. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product and the exothermically-generated syn-gas product are 70 to 100 bars. 20. The method of claim 11, wherein the first part and the second part of the fuel stream is 20 to 45 bars. 21. A system for producing hydrogen, comprising; a partial oxidation reactor (POX) or an autothermal reforming reactor (ATR) that exothermically reacts a first portion of a hydrocarbon feed stream with steam, an oxidant gas comprising molecular oxygen to produce an exothermically generated syn-gas product, or a combination of the steam and the oxidant gas;a gas-heated catalytic reformer (GHR) that endothermically reforms a second portion of the hydrocarbon feed stream with steam over a catalyst in a heat exchange reformer to produce an endothermically-reformed syn-gas product, wherein at least a portion of heat used in generation of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product is obtained by recovering heat from the exothermically-generated syn-gas product;a waste heat boiler that cooling a combination of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product and the exothermically-generated syn-gas product to generate a cooled syn-gas streama power producing expansion turbine that reduces a pressure of the cooled syn-gas stream to generate a lower-pressure stream having a pressure for a power producing as turbine;one or more shift conversion reactors that reacts the lower-pressure syngas to generate a combined stream including additional H2 and CO2;a scrubber that removes CO2 from the combined stream to generate a fuel stream having a CO2 concentration below a specified threshold;a storage volume that sequesters the removed CO2;a first gas turbine that combusts a first part of the fuel stream to generate power for an air separation unit;a second gas turbine that combusts a second part of the fuel stream to generate additional power for downstream consumption; anda multi-channel heat exchanger that heats, using the combusted first part and the combusted second part of the fuel stream, the hydrocarbon feed stream and water feeds to provide pre-heat feeds to a syn-gas generation system. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein the CO2 removed from the combine stream includes at least 80% of a total feed carbon. 23. The system of claim 21, further comprising a heat exchanger that cools the combination of the combination of the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product and the exothermically-generated syn-gas product prior to the catalytic reaction. 24. The system of claim 21, wherein generated power powers a gas-to-liquid plant independent of an external power supply or fuel source. 25. The system of claim 21, wherein the endothermically-reformed syn-gas product and the exothermically-generated syn-gas product are 70 to 100 bars. 26. The system of claim 21, where the first part and the second part of the fuel stream is 20 to 45 bars.
이 특허에 인용된 특허 (10)
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Rytter, Erling; Olsvik, Ola, Cogeneration of methanol and electrical power.
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You, Lixin; Krause, Curtis; Nguyen, Kevin; Vincent, Amanda, Counter-current oxidation and steam methane reforming process and reactor therefor.
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Shah, Minish Mahendra; Drnevich, Raymond Francis; Jamal, Aqil, Method of recovering carbon dioxide from a synthesis gas stream.
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Allam, Rodney John; Cotton, Rebecca, Process and apparatus for the production of synthesis gas.
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Allam, Rodney John; Cotton, Rebecca, Process and apparatus for the production of synthesis gas.
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Barnicki,Scott Donald, Process for humidifying synthesis gas.
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Ansorge,Joachim; Klein Nagelvoort,Robert; Punt,Adrianus Reinier; Widjaja,Roy, Process for liquefying natural gas and producing hydrocarbons.
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McGann Rodney (Santa Cruz CA), Production of H
2 and co-containing gas stream and power.
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Scharpf Eric W. (Emmaus PA) Flemming Frederick C. (Macungie PA), Use of nitrogen from an air separation unit as gas turbine air compressor feed refrigerant to improve power output.
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Herbort Hans-Joachim (Frondenberg DEX) Marsch Hans-Dieter (Dortmund DEX), Vessel for the generation of synthesis gas.
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