Process for direct conversion of biomass to liquid fuels and chemicals
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C07C-001/00
C10L-001/00
출원번호
US-0885397
(2010-09-17)
등록번호
US-8796494
(2014-08-05)
발명자
/ 주소
Matson, Theodore D.
Ford, Peter C.
Macala, Gerald
Iretski, Alexei
출원인 / 주소
The Regents of the University of California
대리인 / 주소
Berliner & Associates
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
5
초록▼
A method of catalytically preparing a fluid product from solid carbonaceous material is described. In the method, at least one of the following equilibria is established by one or more catalysts: a) CH3OH=CO+2H2, b) CO+H2O=CO2+H2. In some versions, the solid carbonaceous material is woody biomass. C
A method of catalytically preparing a fluid product from solid carbonaceous material is described. In the method, at least one of the following equilibria is established by one or more catalysts: a) CH3OH=CO+2H2, b) CO+H2O=CO2+H2. In some versions, the solid carbonaceous material is woody biomass. Components of the fluid product can include one or a combination of C5-C9 alcohols. In certain versions, the method can be practiced with substantially all of the carbon in the carbonaceous material being converted to the fluid product. Also, in some versions, the fluid product can be prepared with substantially no char formation. The fluid product of various versions can be used directly as fuel or as a reagent for preparing commodity chemicals without the need for separating the fluid product components.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of catalytically preparing a fluid product from biomass containing lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose or lignocellulose, or any combination thereof, comprising: reacting the biomass in a reducing environment in the presence of methanol and one or more catalysts so as to produce a fluid pro
1. A method of catalytically preparing a fluid product from biomass containing lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose or lignocellulose, or any combination thereof, comprising: reacting the biomass in a reducing environment in the presence of methanol and one or more catalysts so as to produce a fluid product comprising a high-octane gasoline additive containing at least one of methanol or C5-C9 aliphatic alcohols, wherein the one or more catalysts establish both of the following equilibria: CH3OH=CO+2H2, a)CO+H2O=CO2+H2. b) 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid product is a fuel of fuel additive without the need for separation at any point in the process. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more catalysts comprise a substance selected from the group consisting of a Cu-doped metal oxide, a supported metal catalyst, a metal carbide catalyst, a zeolite catalyst, and any combination thereof. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the Cu-doped metal oxide comprises oxides of Cu, M(II) and/or M(III) in any proportion, wherein M(II) is selected from Mg and/or Zn, and M(III) is selected from Al, Cr, and/or Fe; the zeolite catalyst is H-ZSM-5; the supported metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of Pt/Al2O3, Rh/ZrO2, Pd/C, and Cu/hydrotalcite; and the metal carbide catalyst is W2C supported on activated carbon. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising: depolymerizing polymeric material in the presence of one or more depolymerization catalysts, the polymeric material contained in or derived from the biomass; ordehydrating chemical compounds in the presence of one or more dehydration catalysts, the chemical compounds derived from the biomass; orhydrogenating chemical intermediates in the presence of one or more hydrogenation catalysts, the chemical intermediates derived from the biomass; ora combination thereof. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more catalysts comprise a substance selected from the group consisting of a Cu-doped metal oxide, a supported metal catalyst, a metal carbide catalyst,a zeolite catalyst,and a combination thereof; the one or more depolymerization catalysts comprise a copper-doped metal oxide catalyst or a supported metal catalyst, or a combination thereof; the one or more dehydration catalysts comprise a Cu-doped metal oxide or a zeolite catalyst, or a combination thereof; and the one or more hydrogenation catalysts comprise a Cu-doped metal oxide, a supported metal catalyst or a metal carbide catalyst, or a combination thereof. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the Cu-doped metal oxide or Cu-doped metal oxide catalyst comprises oxides of Cu, M(II) and/or M(III) in any proportion, wherein M(II) is selected from Mg and/or Zn, and M(III) is selected from Al, Cr, and/or Fe; the zeolite catalyst is H-ZSM-5; the supported metal catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Pt/Al2O3, Rh/ZrO2, Pd/C, and Cu/hydrotalcite; and the metal carbide catalyst is W2C supported on activated carbon. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the one or more catalysts, the one or more depolymerization catalysts, the one or more dehydration catalysts, and the one or more hydrogenation catalysts are the same catalyst. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the same catalyst comprises mixed oxides of Cu/Mg/Al or Cu/ZnO/Al2O3. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein a cosolvent replaces the methanol or is added in addition to the methanol. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein CO and H2 replace the methanol or are added in addition to the methanol. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid product comprises a C5, C6, C7, C8 or C9 alcohol, or a combination thereof. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid product comprises a syn gas mixture. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid product is prepared with substantially no char formation. 15. A method of catalytically preparing a fluid product from solid carbonaceous material, wherein when the solid carbonaceous material comprises biomass, the biomass comprises lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose or lignocellulose or any combination thereof, the method comprising: reacting the solid carbonaceous material in the presence of one or more first catalysts to produce soluble material under conditions in which both of the following equilibria are established by the one or more first catalysts: CH3OH=CO+2H2, a)CO+H2O=CO2+H2; b)depolymerizing polymeric material in the presence of one or more depolymerization catalysts, the polymeric material contained in or derived from the solid carbonaceous material;dehydrating chemical compounds in the presence of one or more dehydration catalysts, the chemical compounds derived from the solid carbonaceous material; andhydrogenating chemical intermediates in the presence of one or more hydrogenation catalysts, the chemical intermediates derived from the solid carbonaceous material;whereby to produce a fluid product. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the solid carbonaceous material further comprises biomass not containing lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose or lignocellulose. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the reacting further comprises the presence of at least on of a) CO and H2, or b) methanol. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the one or more first catalysts comprise a substance selected from the group consisting of a Cu-doped metal oxide, a supported metal catalyst, a metal carbide catalyst, a zeolite catalyst, and a combination thereof; orthe one or more depolymerization catalysts comprise a copper-doped metal oxide catalyst or a supported metal catalyst, or a combination thereof; orthe one or more dehydration catalysts comprise a Cu-doped metal oxide or a zeolite catalyst, or a combination thereof; orthe one or more hydrogenation catalysts comprise a Cu-doped metal oxide, a supported metal catalyst or a metal carbide catalyst, or a combination thereof; orany combination thereof. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the Cu-doped metal oxide or Cu-doped metal oxide catalyst comprises oxides of Cu, M(II) and/or M(III) in any proportion, wherein M(II) is selected from Mg and/or Zn, and M(III) is selected from Al, Cr, and/or Fe; the zeolite catalyst is H-ZSM-5; the supported metal catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Pt/Al2O3, Rh/ZrO2, Pd/C, and Cu/hydrotalcite; and the metal carbide catalyst is W2C supported on activated carbon. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the one or more first catalysts, the one or more depolymerization catalysts, the one or more dehydration catalysts, and the one or more hydrogenation catalysts are the same catalyst. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the same catalyst comprises mixed oxides of Cu/Mg/Al or Cu/ZnO/Al2O3. 22. The method of claim 15, wherein the fluid product comprises a C5, C6, C7, C8 or C9 alcohol, or a combination thereof. 23. The method of claim 15, wherein the fluid product comprises a syn gas mixture. 24. The method of claim 15, wherein the fluid product is prepared with substantially no char formation.
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