IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0575575
(2011-01-31)
|
등록번호 |
US-8807483
(2014-08-19)
|
우선권정보 |
GB-1001581.6 (2010-01-29) |
국제출원번호 |
PCT/GB2011/000125
(2011-01-31)
|
§371/§102 date |
20120726
(20120726)
|
국제공개번호 |
WO2011/092483
(2011-08-04)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Lewis, Stuart Martin
- English, Peter
- Winter, Nicholas John
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- GKN Aerospace Services Limited
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
2 인용 특허 :
0 |
초록
▼
An electrothermal heater mat (3) is provided for an ice protection system for an aircraft (1) or the like. The heater mat (3) is a laminated heater mat and comprises dielectric layers (50-58), a heater element (501) and a temperature sensor (507). Each dielectric layer (50-58) comprises thermoplasti
An electrothermal heater mat (3) is provided for an ice protection system for an aircraft (1) or the like. The heater mat (3) is a laminated heater mat and comprises dielectric layers (50-58), a heater element (501) and a temperature sensor (507). Each dielectric layer (50-58) comprises thermoplastic material, and the temperature sensor (507) comprises a sprayed metal track (5010, 5012) deposited on a substrate (50, 5019) comprising thermoplastic material. The substrate may be one of the dielectric layers (50) or a separate carrier (5019) which is smaller than the dielectric layers (50-58). The substrate (50, 5019) is laminated to at least a first one of the dielectric layers (53, 58) and the thermoplastic material of the substrate is (i) the same as the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer such that the thermoplastic material of the substrate is dispersed or merged into the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer or (ii) compatible with the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer such that the thermoplastic material of the substrate is fused to the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer. Thus, the formation of an undesirable discontinuity at the interface between the substrate (50, 5019) and the first dielectric layer (53, 58) is substantially prevented or minimized.
대표청구항
▼
1. An electrothermal heater mat for an ice protection system, wherein: the heater mat is a laminated heater mat and comprises dielectric layers, a heater element and a temperature sensor;each dielectric layer comprises thermoplastic material;the temperature sensor comprises a sprayed metal track dep
1. An electrothermal heater mat for an ice protection system, wherein: the heater mat is a laminated heater mat and comprises dielectric layers, a heater element and a temperature sensor;each dielectric layer comprises thermoplastic material;the temperature sensor comprises a sprayed metal track deposited on a substrate comprising thermoplastic material;the substrate is laminated to at least a first one of the dielectric layers; andthe thermoplastic material of the substrate is (i) the same as the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer such that the thermoplastic material of the substrate is dispersed or merged into the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer or (ii) compatible with the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer such that the thermoplastic material of the substrate is fused to the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer. 2. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a second one of the dielectric layers. 3. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 2, wherein the sprayed metal track of the temperature sensor is porous and the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer is laminated to the thermoplastic material of the second dielectric layer through the sprayed metal track of the temperature sensor. 4. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 2, wherein the heater element comprises a sprayed metal track deposited on the second dielectric layer. 5. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a carrier which has a main surface which is smaller than a main surface of a second one of the dielectric layers onto which the carrier is laminated, and the carrier is sandwiched between the first and second dielectric layers. 6. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 5, wherein the carrier covers 10% or less of said main surface of the second dielectric layer. 7. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 5, wherein the sprayed metal track of the temperature sensor is porous and the thermoplastic material of the first dielectric layer is laminated to the thermoplastic material of the carrier through the sprayed metal track of the temperature sensor. 8. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 5, wherein the heater element comprises a sprayed metal track deposited on a part of the second dielectric layer not covered by the carrier. 9. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 1, wherein the sprayed metal track of the temperature sensor comprises a sensor head and the metal of the sensor head is nickel or nickel alloy. 10. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 9, wherein the sensor head extends between intermediate positions of the sprayed metal track of the temperature sensor, and the sprayed metal track of the temperature sensor further comprises leads which extend from the intermediate positions to terminals at the ends of the sprayed metal track. 11. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 9, wherein the substrate is a carrier which has a main surface which is smaller than a main surface of a second one of the dielectric layers onto which the carrier is laminated, and the carrier is sandwiched between the first and second dielectric layers and an encapsulation layer comprises the same thermoplastic material as the thermoplastic material of the carrier, and the encapsulation layer is laminated to the carrier and covers the sensor head of the temperature sensor. 12. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 1, wherein the or each thermoplastic material comprises PEEK, PEKK, PPS, PEI or PES or a mixture thereof. 13. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 1, wherein the or each thermoplastic material comprises PEEK, PEKK or a mixture thereof. 14. An electrothermal heater mat according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic material of the substrate is the same as the thermoplastic material of the dielectric layers. 15. An electrothermal heater comprising a heater mat according to claim 1 and at least one connector having a first end which is electrically connected to the heater element and a second end which extends away from the heater mat for connection to a heater control unit. 16. An electrothermal ice protection system comprising an electrothermal heater according to claim 15 and a heater control unit to which the second end of the or each connector is connected. 17. Ice protected apparatus comprising an external skin and an electrothermal heater according to claim 15, wherein the heater mat is in thermal contact with a rear surface of the external skin. 18. A nose skin comprising an erosion shield and an electrothermal heater according to claim 15, wherein the heater mat is bonded to a rear surface of the erosion shield. 19. A wing slat comprising a rear section and a forward section comprising a nose skin according to claim 18. 20. A wing slat according to claim 19, wherein the nose skin is demountable from the rear section. 21. A method of manufacturing an electrothermal heater mat, comprising the steps of: providing a plurality of dielectric layers each comprising thermoplastic material; flame spraying a metal track of a temperature sensor onto thermoplastic material of a substrate;forming a stack comprising the dielectric layers, a heater element and the substrate; andlaminating together the dielectric layers and the substrate such that the thermoplastic material of the substrate (i) disperses or merges into or (ii) is fused to the thermoplastic material of the or each adjacent one of the dielectric layers. 22. A method according to claim 21, wherein the substrate is a first one of the dielectric layers and the method further comprises the step of flame spraying the heater element on said first dielectric layer. 23. A method according to claim 21, wherein the substrate is a carrier which has a main surface which is smaller than a main surface of a first one of the dielectric layers onto which the carrier is laminated during the laminating step, and the carrier is sandwiched between said first dielectric layer and a second one of the dielectric layers during the stack forming step. 24. A method according to claim 23, further comprising the step of flame spraying the heater element on a part of said first dielectric layer not covered by the carrier. 25. A method according to claim 21, wherein the or each thermoplastic material comprises PEEK, PEKK, PPS, PEI or PES or a mixture thereof. 26. A method according to claim 21, wherein the or each thermoplastic material comprises PEEK, PEKK or a mixture thereof. 27. A method according to claim 21, wherein the thermoplastic material of the substrate is the same as the thermoplastic material of the dielectric layers.
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