Fuel cell power production system with an integrated hydrogen utilization device
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H01M-008/04
F02C-003/22
H01M-008/06
F02C-001/00
F02C-003/36
H01M-008/24
F02G-001/04
H01M-008/12
H01M-008/14
출원번호
US-0525751
(2008-01-31)
등록번호
US-8815462
(2014-08-26)
국제출원번호
PCT/US2008/052586
(2008-01-31)
§371/§102 date
20090804
(20090804)
국제공개번호
WO2008/097797
(2008-08-14)
발명자
/ 주소
Ghezel-Ayagh, Hossein
Jahnke, Fred C.
출원인 / 주소
FuelCell Energy, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Cowan, Liebowitz & Latman, P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
14
초록▼
A fuel cell power production system and method for supplying power to a load, comprising a high-temperature fuel cell including an anode compartment, adapted to receive fuel from a fuel supply path and to output anode exhaust, and a cathode compartment adapted to receive oxidant gas and to output ca
A fuel cell power production system and method for supplying power to a load, comprising a high-temperature fuel cell including an anode compartment, adapted to receive fuel from a fuel supply path and to output anode exhaust, and a cathode compartment adapted to receive oxidant gas and to output cathode exhaust, a water transfer assembly for transferring water in the anode exhaust to the fuel supply path and for outputting water-separated anode exhaust; and a hydrogen utilization device adapted to receive oxidant gas and one of the water-separated anode exhaust and gas derived from the water-separated anode exhaust and to output hydrogen utilization device exhaust including oxidant gas, wherein the hydrogen utilization device exhaust is used to provide oxidant gas to said cathode compartment.
대표청구항▼
1. A fuel cell power production system for supplying power to a load, comprising: a high-temperature fuel cell including an anode compartment, adapted to receive fuel from a fuel supply path and to output anode exhaust, and a cathode compartment adapted to receive oxidant gas and to output cathode e
1. A fuel cell power production system for supplying power to a load, comprising: a high-temperature fuel cell including an anode compartment, adapted to receive fuel from a fuel supply path and to output anode exhaust, and a cathode compartment adapted to receive oxidant gas and to output cathode exhaust;a water transfer assembly for transferring water in said anode exhaust and for outputting water-separated anode exhaust; anda hydrogen utilization device adapted to receive oxidant gas and one of said water-separated anode exhaust and gas derived from said water-separated anode exhaust and to output hydrogen utilization device exhaust including oxidant gas,wherein said hydrogen utilization device comprises one of an internal combustion engine, a diesel engine, a combustion turbine, a recuperative turbine, a microturbine and a low-temperature CO2 and CO tolerant engine, andwherein said hydrogen utilization device exhaust is used to provide oxidant gas to said cathode. 2. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 1, wherein one or more of: said water transfer assembly transfers a part or all of said water to said fuel supply path;said high-temperature fuel cell is a carbonate fuel cell;said fuel cell power production system further comprises a cathode exhaust recycle path for recycling a portion of said cathode exhaust to said cathode; andsaid water transfer assembly comprises one of (a)-(g), wherein: (a) a heat exchanger for condensing water in said anode exhaust, a knockout pot following said heat exchanger for separating water from said anode exhaust and a pump for increasing pressure of the separated water;(b) a partial-pressure swing water transfer device;(c) an enthalpy wheel humidifier;(d) a cooling radiator;(e) a membrane;(f) a packed column; and(g) an absorber/stripper system. 3. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 1, wherein one of: (a) said hydrogen utilization device is further adapted to receive at least one of supplemental fuel and oxidant gas in the form of air(b) said hydrogen utilization device is further adapted to receive at least one of supplemental fuel and oxidant gas in the form of air, and said fuel cell power production system further comprises a control assembly responsive to variations in said load and adapted to control at least one of said supplemental fuel and said oxidant gas provided to said hydrogen utilization device; and(c) said hydrogen utilization device is further adapted to receive at least one of supplemental fuel and oxidant gas in the form of air, said fuel cell power production system further comprises a control assembly responsive to variations in said load and adapted to control at least one of said supplemental fuel and said oxidant gas provided to said hydrogen utilization device and said fuel in said fuel path is preheated using at least one of said cathode exhaust and said anode exhaust. 4. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 3, further comprising one of: (A) an oxidizer assembly for oxidizing and pre-heating said hydrogen utilization device exhaust to output a hot oxidant gas, said oxidizer assembly being adapted to use hydrogen in said water-separated anode exhaust to react with and reduce any NOx in said hydrogen utilization device; and(B) an oxidizer assembly for oxidizing and pre-heating said hydrogen utilization device exhaust to output a hot oxidant gas, said oxidizer assembly being adapted to use hydrogen in said water-separated anode exhaust to react with and reduce any NOx in said hydrogen utilization device and at least one of (1), (2) and (3), wherein: (1) a bypass path for passing a part or all of said water-separated anode exhaust to said oxidizer without providing said water-separated anode exhaust to said hydrogen utilization device, wherein said control assembly is further adapted to selectively couple said water-separated anode exhaust from said water transfer assembly to at least one of said hydrogen utilization device and said bypass path;(2) a storage device, wherein said control assembly is further adapted to selectively couple a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust to said storage device to selectively couple said water-separated anode exhaust from said storage device to said hydrogen utilization device; and(3) an export path, wherein said control assembly is further adapted to selectively couple a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust to said export path. 5. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 4, wherein said control assembly includes: a controller responsive to variations in said load;a coupling unit responsive to said controller for selectively allowing portions of said water-separated anode exhaust to be conveyed to said hydrogen utilization device, said storage device, said export path and said bypass path, wherein at least a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust is coupled to at least one of said hydrogen utilization device and said bypass path, and for selectively allowing at least a portion of the anode exhaust in said storage device to be coupled to the hydrogen utilization device. 6. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 5, wherein said system further comprises an anode exhaust path for carrying said water-separated anode exhaust; a first recycle path, a second recycle path, a hydrogen utilization device input path, a storage device input path, a storage device output path, the bypass path and the export path; said coupling unit comprises: a first coupling assembly arranged to selectively couple said water-separated anode exhaust in said anode exhaust path to said first recycle path and said second recycle path; a second coupling assembly arranged to selectively couple said water-separated anode exhaust in said second recycle path to said export path and storage device input path; a third coupling assembly arranged to couple said anode exhaust in said storage device to said hydrogen utilization device input path; and a fourth coupling assembly arranged to selectively couple said water-separated anode exhaust in said first recycle path to said hydrogen utilization device input path and said bypass path; andsaid controller controls said first through fourth coupling assemblies such that:at least a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust is coupled to said first recycle path at all operating times;when said load exhibits a low power demand, a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust is coupled to at least one of said bypass path and said second recycle path; andwhen said load exhibits a high power demand, said water-separated anode exhaust is coupled to said first recycle path and said hydrogen utilization device input path, and a portion of said anode exhaust in said storage device is coupled to said storage device output path. 7. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 6, wherein said hydrogen utilization device is further adapted to receive supplemental fuel, said controller controlling supply of said supplemental fuel to said hydrogen utilization device, such that when said load exhibits a low power demand, no supplemental fuel is supplied to said hydrogen utilization device, and when said load exhibits a high power demand, an increased amount of supplemental fuel is supplied to said hydrogen utilization device to satisfy said high power demand. 8. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 4, further comprising a compressor adapted to receive and to compress oxidant gas, a heat exchanger for pre-heating said compressed oxidant gas using said anode exhaust to output heated compressed oxidant gas and wherein said oxidizer assembly is adapted to receive said heated compressed oxidant gas. 9. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 3, wherein one of: (A) said system further comprises a hydrogen transfer assembly for transferring hydrogen in said water-separated anode exhaust to an export path and for outputting hydrogen-separated gas, said control assembly is further adapted to selectively couple a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust to said hydrogen transfer assembly; and(B) said system further comprises a hydrogen transfer assembly for transferring hydrogen in said water-separated anode exhaust to an export path and for outputting hydrogen-separated gas, said control assembly is further adapted to selectively couple a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust to said hydrogen transfer assembly, and wherein at least one of: (1) said fuel power production system further comprises a gas shift unit for converting CO in the anode exhaust to H2 prior to transferring water from said anode exhaust; and(2) said supplemental fuel is used in said hydrogen utilization device to increase the amount of hydrogen in said water-separated anode exhaust being transferred to said export path. 10. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 9, wherein one of: (i) said hydrogen utilization device is further adapted to receive hydrogen-separated gas from said hydrogen transfer assembly, and said hydrogen transfer assembly comprises a compressor for compressing said portion of said water-separated anode exhaust and a PSA assembly for separating hydrogen from said compressed water-separated anode exhaust and outputting hydrogen separated gas to said hydrogen utilization device; and(ii) said hydrogen utilization device is further adapted to receive hydrogen-separated gas from said hydrogen transfer assembly, and said hydrogen transfer assembly comprises a compressor for compressing said portion of said water-separated anode exhaust, a PSA assembly for separating hydrogen from said compressed water-separated anode exhaust and outputting hydrogen separated gas to said hydrogen utilization device, and a blower for providing said portion of said portion of said water-separated exhaust to said compressor. 11. A fuel cell power production system in accordance with claim 1, wherein: said system further comprises a compressor for compressing said water-separated anode exhaust and an oxidizer assembly for oxidizing and preheating said hydrogen utilization device exhaust to produce oxidant gas; andone of: (a) said hydrogen utilization device comprises a combustion turbine, including a compressor portion for receiving and compressing air, a combustion portion for receiving and combusting compressed water-separated anode exhaust from said compressor and supplemental fuel to heat said compressed air, and a turbine portion for generating power from said heated compressed air and for outputting said hydrogen utilization device exhaust to said oxidizer assembly;(b) said hydrogen utilization device comprises a recuperative turbine, including a compressor portion for receiving and compressing air, a recuperator for heating compressed air using at least one of anode exhaust and cathode exhaust, a combustion portion for receiving and combusting compressed water-separated anode exhaust from said compressor and supplemental fuel to further heat said compressed air, and a turbine portion for generating power from said further heated compressed air and for outputting said hydrogen utilization device exhaust to said oxidizer assembly;(c) said hydrogen utilization device comprises a microturbine including a compressor portion for receiving and compressing air, a heater for pre-heating said compressed air, and a turbine portion for generating power from heated compressed air and for outputting hydrogen utilization device exhaust to said cathode, said system further comprises a boost compressor for compressing said water-separated anode exhaust and supplemental fuel to produce a compressed gas, and an oxidizer assembly for oxidizing said compressed gas and said compressed air from said heater and for outputting said heated compressed air to said turbine portion; and(d) said hydrogen utilization device comprises a microturbine including a compressor portion for receiving and compressing air, a heater for pre-heating said compressed air, and a turbine portion for generating power from heated compressed air and for outputting hydrogen utilization device exhaust to said cathode, said system further comprises a boost compressor for compressing said water-separated anode exhaust and supplemental fuel to produce a compressed gas, and an oxidizer assembly for oxidizing said compressed gas and said compressed air from said heater and for outputting said heated compressed air to said turbine portion, said compressed air from said compressor portion of said microturbine is further pre-heated using cathode exhaust and said water transfer assembly includes a cooling radiator for condensing and separating water in said anode exhaust, a pump for increasing pressure of the separated water and a humidifying heat exchanger for receiving the increased pressure water and cathode exhaust gas for humidifying the water and adding the humidified water to said fuel supply path. 12. A power production method for supplying power to a load using a fuel cell power production system comprising a high- temperature fuel cell, including an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, and a hydrogen utilization device, said method comprising: providing fuel to said fuel cell anode from a fuel supply path;outputting anode exhaust from said fuel cell anode compartment;transferring water from said anode exhaust and outputting water-separated anode exhaust;providing oxidant gas and one of said water-separated anode exhaust and gas derived from said water-separated anode exhaust to said hydrogen utilization device; andoutputting hydrogen utilization device exhaust including oxidant gas from said hydrogen utilization device to said fuel cell cathode for use as oxidant gas;wherein said hydrogen utilization device comprises one of an internal combustion engine, a diesel engine, a combustion turbine, a recuperative turbine, a microturbine and a low-temperature CO2 and CO tolerant engine. 13. A power production method in accordance with claim 12, wherein one or more of: (a) said transferring water from said anode exhaust comprises transferring a part or all of said water to said fuel supply path;(b) said high-temperature fuel cell is a carbonate fuel cell;(c) said method further comprises providing at least one of supplemental fuel and oxidant gas in the form of air to said hydrogen utilization device;(d) said method further comprises providing at least one of supplemental fuel and oxidant gas in the form of air to said hydrogen utilization device and controlling providing said at least one of supplemental fuel and said air to said hydrogen utilization device using a control assembly responsive to variations in said load;(e) said method further comprises pre-heating fuel in said fuel supply path using at least one of cathode exhaust and anode exhaust, and oxidizing and pre-heating said hydrogen utilization device exhaust in an oxidizer assembly to output said oxidant gas to said cathode; and(f) said method further comprises recycling a portion of cathode exhaust outputted by said cathode to said cathode. 14. A power production method in accordance with claim 13, wherein at least (d) and (e) in claim 13 apply, said method further comprising at least one of: (a) bypassing a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust through a bypass path to said oxidizer without providing said anode exhaust to said hydrogen utilization device, wherein said water-separated anode exhaust being controlled using said control assembly by selectively coupling said water-separated anode exhaust to at least one of said hydrogen utilization device and said bypass path;(b) storing a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust in a storage device, wherein said water-separated anode exhaust being controlled using said control assembly by selectively coupling said water-separated anode exhaust to said hydrogen utilization device; and(c) exporting a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust through an export path, wherein said water-separated anode exhaust is controlled using said control assembly by selectively coupling said water-separated anode exhaust to said export path. 15. A power production method in accordance with claim 14, wherein at least (a)-(c) in claim 14 apply and said control assembly includes a controller responsive to variations in said load and a coupling unit responsive to said controller, said method further comprising: said controller selectively allowing portions of said water-separated anode exhaust to be conveyed to said hydrogen utilization device, said storage device, said export path and said bypass path, by coupling at least a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust to at least one of said hydrogen utilization device and said bypass path and by selectively allowing at least a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust in said storage device to be coupled to the hydrogen utilization device. 16. A power production method in accordance with claim 15, wherein said selectively allowing comprises: said controller controlling said water-separated anode exhaust such that at least a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust is conveyed to at least one of said hydrogen utilization device and said bypass path at all operating times;said controller controlling said water-separated anode exhaust such that when said load exhibits a low power demand, a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust is conveyed to at least one of said bypass path, said storage device and said export path; andsaid controller controlling said water-separated anode exhaust such that when said load exhibits a high power demand, said water-separated anode exhaust is conveyed to said hydrogen utilization device and a portion of said anode exhaust in said storage device is conveyed to said hydrogen utilization device. 17. A power production method in accordance with claim 16, wherein controlling providing supplemental fuel comprises said controller controlling supply of said supplemental fuel to said hydrogen utilization device such that when said load exhibits a low power demand, no supplemental fuel is supplied to said hydrogen utilization device, and when said load exhibits a high power demand, an increased amount of supplemental fuel is supplied to said hydrogen utilization device to satisfy said high power demand. 18. A power production method in accordance with claim 13, wherein at least (d) and (e) in claim 13 apply, further comprising: transferring hydrogen in a portion of said water-separated anode exhaust to an export path using a hydrogen transfer assembly and outputting hydrogen-separated gas; andcontrolling said water-separated anode exhaust using said control assembly by selectively coupling said water-separated anode exhaust to said hydrogen transfer assembly. 19. A power production method in accordance with claim 18, further comprising one of: (A) conveying said hydrogen-separated gas from said hydrogen transfer assembly to said hydrogen utilization device, wherein said transferring hydrogen in said portion of water-separated anode exhaust comprises compressing said portion of said water-separated anode exhaust using a compressor and separating said hydrogen from said compressed water-separated anode exhaust using a PSA assembly; and(B) conveying said hydrogen-separated gas from said hydrogen transfer assembly to said hydrogen utilization device, wherein said transferring hydrogen in said portion of water-separated anode exhaust comprises providing said portion of water-separated anode exhaust to a compressor using a blower, compressing said portion of said water-separated anode exhaust using said compressor and separating said hydrogen from said compressed water-separated anode exhaust using a PSA assembly. 20. A power production method in accordance with claim 13, wherein at least (d) and (e) in claim 13 apply, further comprising compressing oxidant gas using a compressor, pre-heating said compressed oxidant gas using said anode exhaust to provide heated compressed oxidant gas and providing said heated compressed oxidant gas to said oxidizer assembly.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (14)
Viteri, Fermin; Anderson, Roger E., Combined fuel cell and fuel combustion power generation systems.
Micheli Paul L. (Sacramento CA) Williams Mark C. (Morgantown WV) Sudhoff Frederick A. (Morgantown WV), Indirect-fired gas turbine dual fuel cell power cycle.
Farooque Mohammad (Huntington CT), Internal reforming fuel cell system requiring no recirculated cooling and providing a high fuel process gas utilization.
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