초록 ▼

A surgical retention port particularly useful as an arthroscopic port for shoulder surgery is provided. The surgical retention port has a long pointed instrument such as a trocar or obturator, an inner cannula extending around the pointed instrument, a plurality of rotatable fingers coupled to the i

A surgical retention port particularly useful as an arthroscopic port for shoulder surgery is provided. The surgical retention port has a long pointed instrument such as a trocar or obturator, an inner cannula extending around the pointed instrument, a plurality of rotatable fingers coupled to the inner cannula, and an outer cannula extending around the inner cannula. In one embodiment of the invention, the inner cannula and long pointed instrument are keyed such that rotation of the long pointed instrument can effect rotational movement of the inner cannula. Rotation of the inner cannula in turn causes the rotation of the fingers from a first position where the fingers assume a collapsed configuration to a second position where the fingers assume an extended or open configuration.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A surgical retention port, comprising: a long pointed instrument having a shaft defining a longitudinal axis, a distal tip capable of dilating an incision, a proximal handle, and an first interface mechanism;a hollow inner cannula extending about said long pointed instrument with said long pointe

1. A surgical retention port, comprising: a long pointed instrument having a shaft defining a longitudinal axis, a distal tip capable of dilating an incision, a proximal handle, and an first interface mechanism;a hollow inner cannula extending about said long pointed instrument with said long pointed instrument movable longitudinally relative to said inner cannula, said inner cannula having a distal end and a second interface mechanism, said second interface mechanism for engaging with said first interface mechanism of said long pointed instrument such that rotation of said long pointed instrument causes rotation of said hollow inner cannula;a plurality of radially extendible fingers coupled to said distal end of said hollow inner cannula, each of said radially extendible fingers having a pivot portion and an extending portion and a pivot axis parallel said longitudinal axis; anda hollow outer cannula having a proximal end, a distal end defining a periphery and a plurality of windows, said distal end including a plurality of bars between said windows, whereinin a first configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume a collapsed arrangement with said extending portions at least partially contained within said plurality of windows and substantially within said periphery, and in a second configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume an opened configuration with said extending portions extending radially through said plurality of windows and beyond said periphery in a manner substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis. 2. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, wherein: said distal end of said hollow inner cannula comprises a distal ring coupled to a more proximal portion of said hollow inner cannula by a plurality of links which define a plurality of gaps, and said surgical retention port further comprises a plurality of pins extending across said plurality of gaps from said distal ring to said more proximal portion, said plurality of pins extending through said pivot portions of said radially extendible fingers such that said radially extendible fingers rotate about pins. 3. A surgical retention port according to claim 2, wherein: each of said links includes a portion having a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of said hollow inner cannula. 4. A surgical retention port according to claim 3, wherein: each of said links includes a second radially extending portion having a thickness less than the thickness of said hollow inner cannula. 5. A surgical retention port according to claim 2, wherein: said distal ring has a tapered thickness with a very distal end having a smaller outer diameter than a proximal end of said distal ring. 6. A surgical retention port according to claim 5, wherein: said distal ring extends past said distal end of said outer cannula. 7. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, wherein: said outer cannula has a shaft portion having an outer periphery defining an oval with a first outer diameter and a second outer diameter. 8. A surgical retention port according to claim 7, further comprising: a locking collar extending about said shaft portion of said outer cannula, said locking collar defining an inner opening having an oval shape with a first inner diameter and a second inner diameter, said first inner diameter being greater than said first outer diameter and said second inner diameter being greater than said second outer diameter, and said second inner diameter being smaller than said first outer diameter. 9. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, wherein: each said extending portion of said fingers has a curved surface defined by a radius equal to the radius of the outer surface of said outer cannula. 10. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, wherein: said bars of said outer cannula include camming surfaces such that rotation of said inner cannula in a first rotational direction relative to said outer cannula causes said extending portions of said fingers to engage said camming surface and to cause said fingers to move from said first configuration toward said second configuration. 11. A surgical retention port according to claim 10, wherein: in said second configuration said camming surfaces engage said pivot portions of said fingers. 12. A surgical retention port according to claim 11, wherein: said bars of said outer cannula include second surfaces rotationally remote from said camming surfaces such that rotation of said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in a second rotational direction opposite said first rotational direction said second surfaces to engage said extending portions of said fingers to cause said fingers to move from said second figuration toward said first configuration. 13. A surgical retention port according to claim 12, wherein: for any particular finger, a camming surface of a first of said bars engages said particular finger to cause said finger to move from said first configuration toward said second configuration and a second surface of a second of said bars engages said particular finger to cause said finger to move from said second configuration toward said first configuration. 14. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, wherein: said inner cannula defines a groove about its outer surface between said distal end of said inner cannula and said second interface mechanism, and said surgical retention port further comprises an O-ring located in said groove and contacting an inner surface of said outer cannula. 15. A surgical retention port according to claim 14, wherein: adjacent said groove, said outer cannula has an oval inner surface and said inner cannula has a circular outer surface. 16. A surgical retention port according to claim 15, wherein: said groove in said inner cannula is oval such that it is deeper in certain locations and shallower in other locations. 17. A surgical retention port according to claim 16, wherein: said inner cannula and said outer cannula are rotationally arranged such that deeper locations of said groove are adjacent a smaller diameter of said oval inner surface of said outer cannula when said fingers assume said collapsed arrangement, and said shallower locations of said groove are adjacent said smaller diameter of said oval inner surface of said outer cannula when said fingers assume said open configuration. 18. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, wherein: one of said first and second interface mechanisms is a longitudinally extending key and a second of said first and second interface mechanisms is a keyway slot. 19. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, further comprising: an elastomeric sleeve fixed to the distal end of said outer cannula and extending freely over said plurality of windows. 20. A surgical retention port according to claim 1, wherein: said outer cannula has an inwardly extending pin, and said inner cannula defines a locking slot having a plurality of predetermined locking positions for said extending pin. 21. A method, comprising: a) obtaining a surgical retention port, comprising (i) a long pointed instrument having a shaft defining a longitudinal axis, a distal tip capable of dilating an incision, a proximal handle, and an first interface mechanism, (ii) a hollow inner cannula extending about said long pointed instrument with said long pointed instrument movable longitudinally relative to said inner cannula, said inner cannula having a distal end and a second interface mechanism, said second interface mechanism for engaging with said first interface mechanism of said long pointed instrument such that rotation of said long pointed instrument causes rotation of said hollow inner cannula, (iii) a plurality of radially extendible fingers coupled to said distal end of said hollow inner cannula, each of said radially extendible fingers having a pivot portion and an extending portion, and (iv) a hollow outer cannula having a proximal end, a distal end defining a periphery and a plurality of windows, said distal end including a plurality of bars between said windows, wherein in a first configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume a collapsed arrangement with said extending portions at least partially contained within said plurality of windows and substantially within said periphery, and in a second configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume an opened configuration with said extending portions extending radially through said plurality of windows and beyond said periphery in a manner substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis;b) with said fingers in said collapsed arrangement, pushing said surgical retention port into an incision of a patient such that said distal end of said inner cannula, said distal end of said outer cannula, and said fingers are located inside the patient;c) rotating said long pointed instrument and thereby said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula to force said fingers into said extended position;d) removing said long pointed instrument from said inner cannula;e) inserting a surgical instrument through said inner cannula and manipulating the surgical instrument;f) removing the surgical instrument from said inner cannula;g) reinserting said long pointed instrument into said inner cannula and rotating said long pointed instrument to force said fingers back into said collapsed arrangement; andh) withdrawing said surgical retention port from the incision. 22. A method according to claim 21, wherein said surgical retention port further includes a locking collar, further comprising: after said rotating, sliding said locking collar over outer cannula until said locking collar engages the patient; andlocking said locking collar in place by rotating said locking collar relative to said outer cannula. 23. A surgical retention port, comprising: a long pointed instrument having a shaft defining a longitudinal axis, a distal tip capable of dilating an incision, a proximal handle;a hollow inner cannula extending about said long pointed instrument with said long pointed instrument movable longitudinally relative to said inner cannula, said inner cannula having a distal end, said distal end of said hollow inner cannula comprises a distal ring coupled to a more proximal portion of said hollow inner cannula by a plurality of links which define a plurality of gaps, and a plurality of pins extending across said plurality of gaps from said distal ring to said more proximal portion;a plurality of radially extendible fingers coupled to said distal end of said hollow inner cannula, each of said radially extendible fingers having a pivot portion and an extending portion, said plurality of pins extending through said pivot portions of said radially extendible fingers such that said radially extendible fingers rotate about pins; anda hollow outer cannula having a proximal end, a distal end defining a periphery and a plurality of windows, said distal end including a plurality of bars between said windows, said hollow outer cannula and said hollow inner cannula being rotatably movable relative one to the other, whereinin a first configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume a collapsed arrangement with said extending portions at least partially contained within said plurality of windows and substantially within said periphery, and when said hollow inner cannula is rotated relative to said hollow outer cannula from said first configuration to a second configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume an opened configuration with said extending portions extending radially through said plurality of windows and beyond said periphery in a manner substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis. 24. A surgical retention port according to claim 23, wherein: each of said links includes a portion having a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of said hollow inner cannula. 25. A surgical retention port according to claim 24, wherein: each of said links includes a second radially extending portion having a thickness less than the thickness of said hollow inner cannula. 26. A surgical retention port according to claim 23, wherein: said distal ring has a tapered thickness with a very distal end having a smaller outer diameter than a proximal end of said distal ring. 27. A surgical retention port according to claim 26, wherein: said distal ring extends past said distal end of said outer cannula. 28. A surgical retention port according to claim 23, wherein: said outer cannula has a shaft portion having an outer periphery defining an oval with a first outer diameter and a second outer diameter, and said surgical retention port further comprises a locking collar extending about said shaft portion of said outer cannula, said locking collar defining an inner opening having an oval shape with a first inner diameter and a second inner diameter, said first inner diameter being greater than said first outer diameter and said second inner diameter being greater than said second outer diameter, and said second inner diameter being smaller than said first outer diameter. 29. A surgical retention port according to claim 23, wherein: each said extending portion of said fingers has a curved surface defined by a radius equal to the radius of the outer surface of said outer cannula. 30. A surgical retention port, comprising: a long pointed instrument having a shaft defining a longitudinal axis, a distal tip capable of dilating an incision, and a proximal handle;a hollow inner cannula extending about said long pointed instrument with said long pointed instrument movable longitudinally relative to said inner cannula, said inner cannula having a distal end;a plurality of radially extendible fingers coupled to said distal end of said hollow inner cannula, each of said radially extendible fingers having a pivot portion and an extending portion; anda hollow outer cannula having a proximal end, a distal end defining a periphery and a plurality of windows, said distal end including a plurality of bars between said windows, said bars of said outer cannula including camming surfaces, whereinin a first configuration said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume a collapsed arrangement with said extending portions at least partially contained within said plurality of windows and substantially within said periphery, and upon rotation of said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in a first rotational direction, said camming surfaces cause said plurality of radially extendible fingers to move from said collapsed position to a second open configuration with said extending portions extending radially through said plurality of windows and beyond said periphery in a manner substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis. 31. A surgical retention port according to claim 30, wherein: in said second configuration said camming surfaces engage said pivot portions of said fingers. 32. A surgical retention port according to claim 31, wherein: said bars of said outer cannula include second surfaces rotationally remote from said camming surfaces such that rotation of said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in a second rotational direction opposite said first rotational direction said second surfaces to engage said extending portions of said fingers to cause said fingers to move from said second figuration toward said first configuration. 33. A surgical retention port according to claim 32, wherein: for any particular finger, a camming surface of a first of said bars engages said particular finger to cause said finger to move from said first configuration toward said second configuration and a second surface of a second of said bars engages said particular finger to cause said finger to move from said second configuration toward said first configuration. 34. A surgical retention port according to claim 30, wherein: said inner cannula defines a groove about its outer surface between said distal end of said inner cannula and said second interface mechanism, and said surgical retention port further comprises an O-ring located in said groove and contacting an inner surface of said outer cannula,adjacent said groove, said outer cannula has an oval inner surface and said inner cannula has a circular outer surface, andsaid groove in said inner cannula is oval such that it is deeper in certain locations and shallower in other locations. 35. A method, comprising: a) obtaining a surgical retention port, comprising (i) a long pointed instrument having a shaft defining a longitudinal axis, a distal tip capable of dilating an incision, and proximal handle, (ii) a hollow inner cannula extending about said long pointed instrument with said long pointed instrument movable longitudinally relative to said inner cannula, said inner cannula having a distal end; (iii) a plurality of radially extendible fingers coupled to said distal end of said hollow inner cannula, each of said radially extendible fingers having a pivot portion and an extending portion; and (iv) a hollow outer cannula having a proximal end, a distal end defining a periphery and a plurality of windows, said distal end including a plurality of bars between said windows, said bars of said outer cannula including camming surfaces, wherein in a first configuration said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume a collapsed arrangement with said extending portions at least partially contained within said plurality of windows and substantially within said periphery, and upon rotation of said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in a first rotational direction, said camming surfaces cause said plurality of radially extendible fingers to move from said collapsed position to a second open configuration with said extending portions extending radially through said plurality of windows and beyond said periphery in a manner substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis;b) with said fingers in said collapsed arrangement, pushing said surgical retention port into an incision of a patient such that said distal end of said inner cannula, said distal end of said outer cannula, and said fingers are located inside the patient;c) rotating said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in said first direction to force said fingers into said open configuration;d) removing said long pointed instrument from said inner cannula;e) inserting a surgical instrument through said inner cannula and manipulating the surgical instrument;f) removing the surgical instrument from said inner cannula;g) rotating said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in a second direction opposite said first direction to force said fingers back into said collapsed arrangement; andh) withdrawing said surgical retention port from the incision. 36. A method according to claim 35, wherein said surgical retention port further includes a locking collar, further comprising: after said rotating, sliding said locking collar over outer cannula until said locking collar engages the patient; andlocking said locking collar in place by rotating said locking collar relative to said outer cannula. 37. A method, comprising: a) obtaining a surgical retention port, comprising (i) a long pointed instrument having a shaft defining a longitudinal axis, a distal tip capable of dilating an incision, and proximal handle, (ii) a hollow inner cannula extending about said long pointed instrument with said long pointed instrument movable longitudinally relative to said inner cannula, said inner cannula having a distal end, said distal end of said hollow inner cannula comprises a distal ring coupled to a more proximal portion of said hollow inner cannula by a plurality of links which define a plurality of gaps, and a plurality of pins extending across said plurality of gaps from said distal ring to said more proximal portion (iii) a plurality of radially extendible fingers coupled to said distal end of said hollow inner cannula, each of said radially extendible fingers having a pivot portion and an extending portion, said plurality of pins extending through said pivot portions of said radially extendible fingers such that said radially extendible fingers rotate about pins, and (iv) a hollow outer cannula having a proximal end, a distal end defining a periphery and a plurality of windows, said distal end including a plurality of bars between said windows, wherein in a first configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume a collapsed arrangement with said extending portions at least partially contained within said plurality of windows and substantially within said periphery, and in a second configuration, said plurality of radially extendible fingers assume an opened configuration with said extending portions extending radially through said plurality of windows and beyond said periphery in a manner substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis;b) with said fingers in said collapsed arrangement, pushing said surgical retention port into an incision of a patient such that said distal end of said inner cannula, said distal end of said outer cannula, and said fingers are located inside the patient;c) rotating said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in a first direction to force said fingers into said extended position;d) removing said long pointed instrument from said inner cannula;e) inserting a surgical instrument through said inner cannula and manipulating the surgical instrument;f) removing the surgical instrument from said inner cannula;g) rotating said inner cannula relative to said outer cannula in a second direction opposite said first direction to force said fingers back into said collapsed arrangement; andh) withdrawing said surgical retention port from the incision. 38. A method according to claim 37, wherein said surgical retention port further includes a locking collar, further comprising: after said rotating, sliding said locking collar over outer cannula until said locking collar engages the patient; andlocking said locking collar in place by rotating said locking collar relative to said outer cannula.