초록

The present invention is a process for making an inorganic/organic hybrid totally porous spherical silica particles by self assembly of surfactants that serve as organic templates via pseudomorphic transformation.

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1. Totally porous particles, comprising: (a) an organic metal oxide selected from one or more of the formulae VII or VIII: MO2/(R1pR1qMOt)n  (VII)MO2/[R2(R1rMOt)m]n  (VIII)wherein R1 is independently selected in each instance from a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C18 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or

1. Totally porous particles, comprising: (a) an organic metal oxide selected from one or more of the formulae VII or VIII: MO2/(R1pR1qMOt)n  (VII)MO2/[R2(R1rMOt)m]n  (VIII)wherein R1 is independently selected in each instance from a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C18 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl group, wherein the substituents are selected from halogen, diol, amino-, alcohol, amide, cyano, ether, nitro, carbonyl, epoxide, sulfonyl, cation exchanger, anion exchanger, carbamate and urea, R2 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C7 alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, or arylene group moiety bridging two or more M atoms; p and q are 0, 1, or 2, provided that p+q=1 or 2, and that when p+q=1, t=1.5, and when p+q=2, t=1; r is 0 or 1, provided that when r=0, t=1.5, and when r=1, t=1; m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and n is a number from 0.01 to 100; and M is selected from Si, Ti, or Zr;(b) a median pore size range from about 15 to about 1000 Å;(c) a specific surface area of from about 5 to about 1000 m2/g; and(d) a median size range from about 0.5 μm to about 100 μm. 2. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein the totally porous particles exhibit at least one X-ray diffraction peak between 0.01° and 10° of the 2θscan range. 3. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein M is Si. 4. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein R1 is independently selected in each instance from methyl or ethyl and R2 is selected from methylene, ethylene or 1,2-benzylene. 5. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein the totally porous particles are created by reacting silica, titania or zirconia particles with an organic metal alkoxide. 6. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein the median size of the totally porous particles is from about 0.5 μm to about 10 μm. 7. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein the pore size ranges from about 60 Å to about 800 Å. 8. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the totally porous particles is from about 5 m2/g to about 300 m2/g. 9. The totally porous particles of claim 1, wherein the hybrid porous particles have been surface modified with a surface modifier having the formula Za(R′)bSi—R, where Z is selected from Cl, Br, I, C1-C5 alkoxy, dialkylamino, trifluoroacetoxy or trifluoromethanesulfonate; a and b are each an integer from 0 to 3 provided that a+b=3; R′ is a C1-C6 straight, cyclic or branched alkyl group, and R is a functionalized group selected from group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, diol, amino-, alcohol, amide, cyano, ether, nitro, carbonyl, epoxide, sulfonyl, cation exchanger, anion exchanger, carbamate and urea.