IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0475541
(2012-05-18)
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등록번호 |
US-8833077
(2014-09-16)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
2 인용 특허 :
75 |
초록
▼
Methods and systems for implementing a thermodynamic cycle using heat source streams having initial temperatures between about 200° F. and about 500° F. and coolant stream having relatively high temperatures greater than or equal to about 80° F., where the methods and systems have overall energy ext
Methods and systems for implementing a thermodynamic cycle using heat source streams having initial temperatures between about 200° F. and about 500° F. and coolant stream having relatively high temperatures greater than or equal to about 80° F., where the methods and systems have overall energy extraction efficiencies that are at least 40% higher than a corresponding Rankine cycle.
대표청구항
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1. A method comprising: partially vaporizing a fully condensed higher pressure rich solution stream using heat from a heat source stream and a spent rich solution stream to form a spent heat source stream, a cooled spent rich solution stream, and a further partially vaporized higher pressure rich so
1. A method comprising: partially vaporizing a fully condensed higher pressure rich solution stream using heat from a heat source stream and a spent rich solution stream to form a spent heat source stream, a cooled spent rich solution stream, and a further partially vaporized higher pressure rich solution stream,separating the further partially vaporized higher pressure rich solution stream in a first gravity separator (SP2) into a first rich vapor stream and a first lean liquid stream,adjusting a liquid content of the first rich vapor stream by adding a portion of the first lean liquid stream into the first rich vapor stream to form a richer solution stream so that a quantity of the richer solution stream is increased improving an overall energy extraction efficiency of the method to an efficiency at least 40% higher than analogous Rankine cycle method and to lower a temperature of the further partially vaporized higher pressure rich solution stream,fully vaporizing and slightly superheating the richer solution stream in a sixth heat exchange unit (HE6),converting a portion of the heat associated with the vaporized and slightly superheated richer solution stream in a turbine (T1) into a useable form of energy with the improved efficiency,combining a pressure adjusted remainder of the first lean liquid stream into a spent richer solution stream to form the spent rich solution stream,partially vaporizing a first pressurized intermediate solution substream with heat from an intermediate solution stream comprising the cooled spent rich solution stream and a second lean liquid stream in a seventh heat exchange unit (HE7) to form a partially vaporized first pressurized intermediate solution substream and a partially condensed intermediate solution stream,fully condensing the partially condensed intermediate solution stream using a pressurized coolant stream in an eighth heat exchange unit or condenser (HE8) to form a fully condensed intermediate solution stream,fully condensing a rich solution stream using the pressurized coolant stream in a first heat exchange unit or condenser (HE1) to form a fully condensed rich solution stream,increasing a pressure of the fully condensed rich solution stream using a first pump (P1) to form the fully condensed higher pressure rich solution stream,increasing a pressure of the fully condensed intermediate solution stream using a second pump (P2) to form a fully condensed pressurized intermediate solution stream having a pressure slightly higher than the pressure of the fully condensed higher pressure rich solution stream,separating the partially vaporized first pressurized intermediate solution substream in a first second gravity separator (SP1) into a second rich vapor stream and the second lean liquid stream, andcombining the second rich vapor stream with a second pressurized intermediate solution substream to form the rich solution stream, where the second lean liquid stream adjusts a composition of the cooled spent rich solution stream to improve the full condensation of the intermediate solution stream and the rich solution stream. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the partially vaporizing step comprises: preheating the fully condensed higher pressure rich solution stream in a second heat exchange unit (HE2) with heat from the heat source stream to form a preheated higher pressure rich solution stream,dividing the preheated higher pressure rich solution stream into a first preheated higher pressure rich solution substream and a second preheated higher pressure rich solution substream,partially vaporizing the first preheated higher pressure rich solution substream in a third heat exchange unit (HE3) with heat from the spent rich solution stream to form a partially vaporized first higher pressure rich solution substream,partially vaporizing the second preheated higher pressure rich solution substream in a fourth heat exchange unit (HE4) with heat from the heat source stream to form a partially vaporized second higher pressure rich solution substream,combining the partially vaporized first and second higher pressure rich solution substreams to form a partially vaporized higher pressure rich solution stream, andfurther vaporizing the partially vaporized higher pressure rich solution stream in a fifth heat exchange unit (HE5) to form the further partially vaporized higher pressure rich solution stream. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the streams are composed of a multi-component fluid comprising a lower boiling point component and a higher boiling point component. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the multi-component fluid is selected from an ammonia-water mixture, a mixture of two or more hydrocarbons, a mixture of two or more freon, a mixture of hydrocarbons and freons, and mixtures thereof. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the multi-component fluid comprises a mixture of water and ammonia. 6. A system comprising: a vaporization and energy extraction subsystem including a plurality of heat exchange units (HE2, HE3, HE4, HE5 and HE6), a gravity separator (SP2), a throttle valve (TV2), and at least one turbine (T1), where the heat exchange units (HE2, HE3, HE4, HE5 and HE6), the gravity separator (SP2), the throttle valve (TV2), and the at least one turbine (T1) are configured so that: a higher pressure, fully condensed rich solution stream is preheated and partially vaporized with heat from a heat source stream and from a spent rich solution stream in the preheater (HE2) and the heat exchanges units (HE3, HE4, and HE5) and separated to form a first rich vapor stream and a first lean liquid stream in the gravity separator (SP2), a portion of the first lean liquid stream is added into the first rich vapor stream to adjust its liquid content to form a richer solution stream so that a quantity of the richer solution stream is increased improving an overall energy extraction efficiency of the system to an efficiency at least 40% higher than analogous Rankine cycle method and lowering a temperature of the partially vaporized higher pressure rich solution,the richer solution stream is fully vaporized and slightly superheated in the heat exchange unit (HE6),a portion of the thermal energy of the fully vaporized and slightly superheated richer solution stream is converted into a usable form of energy in the at least one turbine (T1),a remainder of the first lean liquid stream is pressure adjusted in the throttle control valve (TV2), anda spent richer solution stream and a pressure adjusted remainder of a first lean liquid stream are combined to reform a spent rich solution stream, anda condensation subsystem including a plurality of heat exchange units (HE1, HE7 and HE8), a gravity separator (SP1), two pumps (P1 and P2), a throttle valve (TV1), and a coolant pump or fan (CP1/F1), where the condensation subsystem supports a two stage condensation process and the heat exchange units (HE1, HE7 and HE8), the gravity separator (SP1), the two pumps (P1 and P2), the throttle valve (TV1), and the coolant pump or fan (CP1/F1) are configured so that: a partially condensed rich solution stream is fully condensed in the first condenser (HE1) to form a fully condensed rich solution stream,the fully condensed rich solution stream is pressurized in the first pump (P1) to form the higher pressure, fully condensed rich solution stream, which is then forwarded to the vaporization and energy extraction subsystem,a partially condensed intermediate solution stream is fully condensed in the eighth heat exchange unit, a condenser (HE8) to form a fully condensed intermediate solution stream,the fully condensed intermediate solution stream is pressurized in the second pump (P2) to form a pressurized intermediate solution stream,the pressurized intermediate solution stream is divided into a first pressurized intermediate solution substream and a second pressurized intermediate solution substream;the first pressurized intermediate solution substream is partially vaporized with heat from an intermediate stream in the seventh heat exchange unit (HE7) to form a partially vaporized intermediate solution substream and the partially condensed intermediate solution stream,the partially vaporized intermediate solution substream is separated in the gravity separator (SP1) to form a second rich vapor stream and a second lean liquid stream,the second lean liquid stream is pressure adjusted in the throttle valve (TV1) to form a pressure adjusted second lean liquid stream,a cooled rich solution stream from the vaporization and energy extraction subsystem is combined with the pressure adjusted second lean liquid stream to form the intermediate stream, andthe second pressurized intermediate solution substream and the second rich vapor stream are combined to form the partially condensed rich solution stream. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the streams are composed of a multi-component fluid comprising a lower boiling point component and a higher boiling point component. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the multi-component fluid is selected from an ammonia-water mixture, a mixture of two or more hydrocarbons, a mixture of two or more freon, a mixture of hydrocarbons and freons, and mixtures thereof. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the multi-component fluid comprises a mixture of water and ammonia.
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