IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0478184
(2012-05-23)
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등록번호 |
US-8840706
(2014-09-23)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
2 인용 특허 :
3 |
초록
▼
A composition, process and system for capturing carbon dioxide from a combustion gas stream. The composition has a particulate porous support medium that has a high volume of pores, an alkaline component distributed within the pores and on the surface of the support medium, and water adsorbed on the
A composition, process and system for capturing carbon dioxide from a combustion gas stream. The composition has a particulate porous support medium that has a high volume of pores, an alkaline component distributed within the pores and on the surface of the support medium, and water adsorbed on the alkaline component, wherein the proportion of water in the composition is between about 5% and about 35% by weight of the composition. The process and system contemplates contacting the sorbent and the flowing gas stream together at a temperature and for a time such that some water remains adsorbed in the alkaline component when the contact of the sorbent with the flowing gas ceases.
대표청구항
▼
1. A process for capturing carbon dioxide from a flowing gas stream, comprising: i) providing a carbon dioxide sorbent composition comprising a particulate porous support medium that has a high volume of pores, an alkaline component distributed within the pores and on the surface of the support medi
1. A process for capturing carbon dioxide from a flowing gas stream, comprising: i) providing a carbon dioxide sorbent composition comprising a particulate porous support medium that has a high volume of pores, an alkaline component distributed within the pores and on the surface of the support medium, and water, wherein the proportion of water in the sorbent composition is between about 5% and about 35% by weight of the sorbent and the weight percent of the active alkaline component in the sorbent composition is at least 20%; andii) contacting the sorbent and the flowing gas stream together at a temperature and for a time such that some or all of the absorbed water is evaporated from the sorbent when the contact of the sorbent with the flowing gas ceases. 2. The process of claim 1 wherein step ii takes place at from about 50 to about 80 degrees C. 3. The process of claim 1 further comprising regenerating the sorbent composition after the contacting step by releasing at least some of the captured carbon dioxide from the sorbent. 4. The process of claim 3 wherein the regeneration step takes place at from about 130 to about 170 degrees C. 5. The process of claim 3 wherein the pressure of the regeneration step is from about 1 to about 7 bar. 6. The process of claim 3 wherein the regeneration step takes place in a steam environment. 7. The process of claim 3 further comprising adding water to the sorbent after the contacting step and before the regeneration step. 8. The process of claim 3 wherein the regeneration step comprises both direct heating by contacting steam with sorbent to heat the sorbent and indirect heating, and wherein the outside surfaces of the heat exchanger contact the sorbent to heat the sorbent. 9. The process of claim 3 further comprising compressing the released carbon dioxide. 10. The process of claim 3 further comprising heating the sorbent after the contacting step and before the regeneration step. 11. The process of claim 10 further comprising cooling the sorbent after the regeneration step using a heat exchanger and a heat transfer fluid. 12. The process of claim 11 wherein the sorbent after the contacting step and before the regeneration step is heated using a bulk flow heat exchanger and the heat transfer fluid that was used to cool the sorbent after the regeneration step. 13. The process of claim 3 further comprising returning at least some of the regenerated sorbent to the contacting step, to repeat the contacting step. 14. The process of claim 13 wherein water is added to the regenerated sorbent before the contacting step. 15. The process of claim 14 wherein the water is added by spraying onto the regenerated sorbent or condensing steam on the regenerated sorbent. 16. The process of claim 13 further comprising combining the returned, regenerated sorbent with water and other sorbent constituents, and optionally a binder, before repeating the contacting step. 17. The process of claim 1 wherein the alkaline component comprises a component selected from the group consisting of alkali carbonates, bicarbonates, mixed carbonate-bicarbonate, metal-carbonate hydrates, amines and ammoniated compounds. 18. The process of claim 1 wherein the alkaline component is present in the composition at a weight percent of from about 20 percent to about 70 percent. 19. The process of claim 1 wherein the support medium comprises a material selected from the group of materials consisting of activated carbon, coal char, biomass char, lignite char, silica, alumina, titania, aluminosilicate, zirconia, and clay. 20. The process of claim 1 wherein the sorbent further comprises a binder substance selected from the group of substances consisting of bentonite, clay, lime, sodium silicate, a pozzolanic compound, a lignosulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, polyethylene glycol, an organic resin and a starch. 21. The process of claim 1 wherein the sorbent further comprises a promoter substance to activate the alkaline material, wherein the promoter substance is selected from the group of substances consisting of amines, piperazine and alkali carbonates. 22. The process of claim 1 further comprising recirculating some of the sorbent after the contacting step, so as to repeat the contacting step with the recirculated sorbent. 23. The process of claim 22 further comprising combining the recirculated sorbent with water and other sorbent constituents, and optionally a binder, before repeating the contacting step. 24. The process of claim 22 further comprising adding water to the recirculated sorbent before it is contacted with the flowing gas stream.
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