Electrolysis apparatus for the production of electricity and hydrogen
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H01M-008/06
C25B-001/04
H01M-008/04
C25B-009/00
H01M-016/00
C25B-015/08
H01M-008/12
출원번호
US-0153940
(2008-05-28)
등록번호
US-8840764
(2014-09-23)
우선권정보
GB-0524486.8 (2005-12-01)
발명자
/ 주소
Balestrino, Cristiano
Agnew, Gerard D.
Bozzolo, Michele
출원인 / 주소
LG Fuel Cell Systems Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Melcher, Jeffrey S.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
6
초록▼
An electrolysis apparatus comprises an electrolysis cell to electrolyze a first fluid to generate a product fluid. The electrolysis apparatus also comprises a fuel cell to electrolyze an electrolytic fluid and to heat a second fluid. The electrolysis apparatus also includes a fluid transfer arrangem
An electrolysis apparatus comprises an electrolysis cell to electrolyze a first fluid to generate a product fluid. The electrolysis apparatus also comprises a fuel cell to electrolyze an electrolytic fluid and to heat a second fluid. The electrolysis apparatus also includes a fluid transfer arrangement to transfer the heated second fluid from the fuel cell to the electrolysis cell to provide heat to drive the electrolysis of the first fluid in the electrolysis cell.
대표청구항▼
1. An electrolysis apparatus comprising: an electrolysis cell for receiving a first fluid, for electrolyzing a portion of the first fluid in order to generate a product fluid consisting of a substance that is a product of electrolysis performed by the electrolysis cell on the first fluid, and for ou
1. An electrolysis apparatus comprising: an electrolysis cell for receiving a first fluid, for electrolyzing a portion of the first fluid in order to generate a product fluid consisting of a substance that is a product of electrolysis performed by the electrolysis cell on the first fluid, and for outputting an un-electrolyzed portion of the first fluid and the product fluid, wherein the electrolysis cell comprises an anode and a cathode;a fuel cell to oxidize a fuel and to heat a second fluid, said second fluid being different than the fuel and different than the first fluid, the fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode;a fluid and heat transfer arrangement to transfer the heated second fluid from the cathode of the fuel cell to the anode of the electrolysis cell to transfer heat from the fuel cell to drive the electrolysis of the first fluid in the electrolysis cell;means to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell;means to supply the fuel to the anode of the fuel cell;means to supply the first fluid to the cathode of the electrolysis cell; anda fluid recycling arrangement comprising a recycling device to recycle at least some of the product fluid output by the electrolysis cell and at least some of the un-electrolyzed first fluid output by the electrolysis cell back to the electrolysis cell. 2. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the fuel cell comprises a solid oxide fuel cell, and the electrolysis cell comprises a solid oxide electrolysis cell. 3. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the anode of the fuel cell oxidizes the fuel to provide fuel products. 4. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 3 comprising a fuel recycling arrangement to recycle at least some of the fuel products to the fuel cell. 5. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 4 wherein the recycling arrangement comprises a fuel recycling device to recycle fuel products from the fuel cell. 6. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein at least some of the electrical power generated by the fuel cell can be transmitted to the electrolysis cell to provide power for the electrolysis cell. 7. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 comprising a fuel converter to convert a precursor fuel to the fuel. 8. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 7, including a heating means to heat the precursor fuel to effect the aforesaid conversion, the heating means comprising a heating fluid supply assembly to transfer heating fluid to the fuel converter. 9. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the heating means comprises a heat exchanger having first and second sides the heating fluid passing on the first side and the precursor fuel passing on the second side. 10. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein at least one component of the second fluid is electrolyzed by the cathode of the fuel cell. 11. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 3 including a combustor to provide combustion products, the combustor being arranged to combust at least some of the fuel products from the anode of the fuel cell. 12. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the apparatus comprises a second fluid recycling arrangement to recycle combustion products from the combustor, and the combustor is provided in the second fluid recycling arrangement. 13. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the means to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell comprises a compressor to compress the second fluid. 14. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the means to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell comprises a second fluid recycling arrangement to recycle combustion products from the combustor. 15. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the means to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell provides an uninterrupted path for the flow of the second fluid to the anode of the electrolysis cell from the cathode of the fuel cell. 16. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the fuel cell and the electrolysis cell are connected in series with one another with respect to the flow of the second fluid. 17. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell is arranged to supply the second fluid to the cathode side of the fuel cell, and the electrolysis apparatus comprises a second fluid exhaust arrangement to exhaust the second fluid from the anode of the electrolysis cell. 18. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 comprising a gas turbine arrangement having a turbine and a compressor, the turbine being coupled to the compressor whereby the turbine can drive the compressor. 19. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the gas turbine arrangement comprises turbine feed means to feed at least some of the second fluid, exhausted from the electrolysis cell, to the turbine. 20. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 19 comprising an evaporator to recover heat from the second fluid, exhausted from the electrolysis cell, wherein said second fluid is delivered to the evaporator from the turbine. 21. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 further including a first fluid heater to heat the first fluid to be supplied to the cathode of the electrolysis cell, the first fluid heater comprising a heat exchanger to transfer heat from the product fluid to the first fluid. 22. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 21 wherein the first fluid heater heats the first fluid to a temperature above the boiling point of the first fluid. 23. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 21 including a separator arrangement to condense water from the product fluid. 24. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 23 wherein the separator arrangement is configured to recycle the condensed water to the first fluid heater. 25. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 23 wherein the separator arrangement includes a first fluid feed assembly to feed the first fluid to an evaporator and to feed the first fluid from the evaporator to the first fluid heater. 26. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein a fuel recycling arrangement recycles at least some of the fuel products from the anode of the fuel cell to the anode of the fuel cell. 27. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1 wherein a second fluid recycling arrangement recycles at least some of the second fluid from the anode of the electrolysis cell to the cathode of the fuel cell. 28. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 27 wherein a combustor is arranged in the second fluid recycling arrangement to combust at least some of the fuel products from the anode of the fuel cell in the second fluid flowing from the anode of the electrolysis cell to the cathode of the fuel cell. 29. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrolysis cell is used to electrolyze a first fluid comprising liquid water to generate a product fluid comprising hydrogen gas. 30. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell comprises a supply of air. 31. An electrolysis apparatus comprising: an electrolysis cell for receiving a first fluid, for electrolyzing a portion of the first fluid in order to generate a product fluid consisting of a substance that is a product of electrolysis performed by the electrolysis cell on the first fluid, and for outputting un-electrolyzed first fluid and the product fluid, wherein the electrolysis cell comprises an anode and a cathode;a fuel cell to oxidize a fuel and to heat a second fluid, said second fluid being different than the fuel and different than the first fluid, the fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode;a fluid and heat transfer arrangement to transfer the heated second fluid from the cathode of the fuel cell to the anode of the electrolysis cell to transfer heat from the fuel cell to drive the electrolysis of the first fluid in the electrolysis cell;a product fluid recycling arrangement comprising a recycling device to recycle a first portion of the product fluid and a first portion of any un-electrolyzed first fluid from the electrolysis cell to the cathode of the electrolysis cell;a separator arrangement, different from the product fluid recycling arrangement, to receive a second portion of the product fluid and a second portion of any un-electrolyzed first fluid from the electrolysis cell, the separator arrangement including a separator to separate the un-electrolyzed first fluid from the product fluid, wherein the separator arrangement is configured to recycle the un-electrolyzed first fluid to the cathode of the electrolysis cell;a supply of second fluid arranged to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell;a supply of fuel arranged to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell; anda supply of first fluid arranged to supply the first fluid to the cathode of the electrolysis cell. 32. An electrolysis apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fuel cell and the electrolysis cell are each part of a single stack of electrochemical cell tubes. 33. A method of operating an electrolysis apparatus, the electrolysis apparatus comprising: an electrolysis cell for receiving a first fluid, for electrolyzing a portion of the first fluid in order to generate a product fluid consisting of a substance that is a product of electrolysis performed by the electrolysis cell on the first fluid, and for outputting un-electrolyzed first fluid and the product fluid, wherein the electrolysis cell comprises an anode and a cathode;a fuel cell to oxidize a fuel and to heat a second fluid, said second fluid being different than the fuel and different than the first fluid, the fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode;a fluid and heat transfer arrangement to transfer the heated second fluid from the cathode of the fuel cell to the anode of the electrolysis cell to transfer heat from the fuel cell to drive the electrolysis of the first fluid in the electrolysis cell;a product fluid recycling arrangement comprising a recycling device to recycle a first portion of the product fluid and a first portion of any un-electrolyzed first fluid from the electrolysis cell to the cathode of the electrolysis cell;a separator arrangement, different from the product fluid recycling arrangement, to receive a second portion of the product fluid and a second portion of any un-electrolyzed first fluid from the electrolysis cell, the separator arrangement including a separator to separate the un-electrolyzed first fluid from the product fluid, wherein the separator arrangement is configured to recycle the un-electrolyzed first fluid to the cathode of the electrolysis cell;a supply of second fluid arranged to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell;a supply of fuel arranged to supply the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell; anda supply of first fluid arranged to supply the first fluid to the cathode of the electrolysis cell,the method comprising the steps of:(a) supplying the second fluid to the cathode of the fuel cell;(b) supplying fuel to the anode of the fuel cell;(c) oxidizing the fuel at the anode to the fuel cell;(d) heating the second fluid at the cathode of the fuel cell;(e) transferring the heated second fluid from the cathode of the fuel cell to the anode of the electrolysis cell to transfer heat from the fuel cell to drive the electrolysis of the first fluid in the electrolysis cell;(f) supplying the first fluid to the cathode of the electrolysis cell; and(g) electrolysing the first fluid at the cathode of the electrolysis cell to generate the product fluid wherein at least steps (c) and (g) occur concurrently. 34. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the product fluid consists of hydrogen or carbon monoxide. 35. An electrolysis apparatus according to claim 31, wherein the product fluid consists of hydrogen or carbon monoxide.
McElroy James F. (Hamilton MA) Chludzinski Paul J. (Swampscott MA) Dantowitz Philip (Peabody MA), Fuel cell power supply with oxidant and fuel gas switching.
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