A method of removing sulfur from sour oil by subjecting sour oil having a first sulfur content to high shear in the presence of at least one desulfurizing agent to produce a high shear treated stream, wherein the at least one desulfurizing agent is selected from the group consisting of bases and ino
A method of removing sulfur from sour oil by subjecting sour oil having a first sulfur content to high shear in the presence of at least one desulfurizing agent to produce a high shear treated stream, wherein the at least one desulfurizing agent is selected from the group consisting of bases and inorganic salts, and separating both a sulfur-rich product and a sweetened oil product from the high shear-treated stream, wherein the sulfur-rich product comprises elemental sulfur and wherein the sweetened oil product has a second sulfur content that is less than the first sulfur content. A system for reducing the sulfur content of sour oil via at least one high shear device comprising at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator, and at least one separation device configured to separate a sulfur-rich product and sweetened oil from the high shear-treated stream.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of removing sulfur from sour oil, the method comprising: (a) introducing reactants comprising at least one liquid phase desulfurizing agent, and sour oil having a first sulfur content into a high shear device, wherein the reactants are subjected to high shear, thus producing a high shear
1. A method of removing sulfur from sour oil, the method comprising: (a) introducing reactants comprising at least one liquid phase desulfurizing agent, and sour oil having a first sulfur content into a high shear device, wherein the reactants are subjected to high shear, thus producing a high shear treated stream comprising elemental sulfur, ammonium sulfate, or both; wherein the at least one desulfurizing agent is selected from the group consisting of aqueous ammonia, ammonium sulfate, and combinations thereof, and wherein the sour oil comprises one or more sulfur-containing component selected from the group consisting of hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfides, organic disulfides, thiols, and thiophene sulfurs, which is converted to elemental sulfur via the high shear; and(b) separating a sulfur-rich product, a sweetened oil product, and a recycle desulfurizing agent stream from the high shear-treated stream, wherein the sulfur-rich product comprises at least a portion of the elemental sulfur, the ammonium sulfate, or both produced in (a), whereby the sulfur is separated directly from the sweetened oil as elemental sulfur, ammonium sulfate, or both, wherein the sweetened oil product has a second sulfur content that is less than the first sulfur content, and wherein the recycle desulfurizing agent stream comprises at least one recycle component selected from the group consisting of unreacted desulfurizing agent introduced in (a), ammonium sulfate produced in (a), and combinations thereof; and(c) recycling at least a portion of the recycle desulfurizing agent stream to (a). 2. The method of claim 1 wherein (a) subjecting the sour oil to high shear in the presence of the at least one desulfurizing agent comprises subjecting the slurry to a shear rate of at least 10,000 s−1. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein (a) subjecting the sour oil to high shear in the presence of the at least one desulfurizing agent comprises subjecting the slurry to a shear rate of at least 20,000 s−1. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one desulfurizing agent is selected from the group consisting of aqueous ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium sulfate, calcium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide, monoethanolamine (MEA), diglycolamine (DGA), diethanolamine (DEA), diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). 5. The method of claim 4 wherein at least one desulfurizing agent is selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate and aqueous ammonia. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the sour oil and the at least one desulfurizing agent are provided in a ratio of about 50:50 volume percent. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the first sulfur content is in the range of from about 0.5 to 6 weight percent. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the second sulfur content is less than 50% of the first sulfur content. 9. The method of claim 7 wherein the second sulfur content is less than 10% of the first sulfur content. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the second sulfur content is less than 0.5 weight percent. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein (a) subjecting sour oil to high shear comprises introducing the sour oil and the at least one desulfurizing agent into a high shear device comprising at least one rotor and at least one complementarily-shaped stator. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein high shear comprises a shear rate of at least 10,000 s−1, wherein the shear rate is defined as the tip speed divided by the shear gap, and wherein the tip speed is defined as πDn, where D is the diameter of the at least one rotor and n is the frequency of revolution. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein high shear comprises a shear rate of at least 20,000 s−1, wherein the shear rate is defined as the tip speed divided by the shear gap, and wherein the tip speed is defined as πDn, where D is the diameter of the at least one rotor and n is the frequency of revolution. 14. The method of claim 12 wherein subjecting the sour oil to a shear rate of at least 10,000 s−1 produces a local pressure of at least about 1034.2 MPa (150,000 psi) at a tip of the at least one rotor. 15. The method of claim 11 wherein (a) comprises providing a tip speed of the at least one rotor of at least about 23 msec, wherein the tip speed is defined as πDn, where D is the diameter of the at least one rotor and n is the frequency of revolution. 16. The method of claim 11 wherein the shear gap, which is the minimum distance between the at least one rotor and the at least one complementarily-shaped stator, is less than about 5 μm. 17. The method of claim 1 wherein (a) comprises subjecting sour oil to high shear in the presence of at least one API-adjustment gas, wherein the API adjustment gas comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and ethane. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the sour oil has a first API gravity and the sweetened oil product has a second API gravity, and wherein the second API gravity is greater than the first API gravity. 19. The method of claim 17 wherein the API-adjustment gas is selected from the group consisting of associated gas, unassociated gas, FCC offgas, coker offgas, pyrolysis gas, hydrodesulfurization offgas, catalytic cracker offgas, thermal cracker offgas, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, and combinations thereof. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the high shear-treated stream comprises API-adjustment gas bubbles having an average diameter of less than or equal to about 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 μm. 21. The method of claim 20 wherein the API-adjustment gas bubbles have an average diameter of less than or equal to about 100 nm. 22. The method of claim 1 wherein the sour oil has a first API gravity and the sweetened oil has a second API gravity, and wherein the second API gravity is greater than the first API gravity. 23. The method of claim 1 further comprising extracting at least a portion of the sour oil from the earth at a well site at which the method is carried out. 24. The method of claim 1 wherein the sulfur-rich product is yellow. 25. The method of claim 1 wherein aqueous ammonia is utilized in (a), ammonium sulfate is produced in (a), separated in (b) and recycled in (c) to (a) as desulfurizing agent, and wherein aqueous ammonia is introduced in (a) only as needed to maintain a desired second sulfur content. 26. The method of claim 1 wherein the sour oil further comprises at least one impurity selected from the group consisting of heavy metals and chlorides. 27. The method of claim 26 wherein at least one of the at least one impurities is separated from the high shear-treated stream with the sulfur-rich product. 28. The method of claim 27 wherein the at least impurity is selected from vanadium, mercury, and chlorides. 29. The method of claim 1 wherein the sulfur-rich product is separated as a substantially dry product. 30. The method of claim 1 wherein (b) separating comprises centrifugation, filtration, or a combination thereof.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (8)
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