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A turbine for extracting power from a flowing fluid comprises a blade for interaction with the fluid, the blade being rotatable both about a primary axis and a blade axis. The blade axis is proximate to the blade, substantially parallel to the primary axis and spaced therefrom. Rotation actuating me

A turbine for extracting power from a flowing fluid comprises a blade for interaction with the fluid, the blade being rotatable both about a primary axis and a blade axis. The blade axis is proximate to the blade, substantially parallel to the primary axis and spaced therefrom. Rotation actuating means is provided to rotate the blade about the blade axis in dependence upon the rotation of the blade about the primary axis such that the rotation angle of the blade about the blade axis is a function of the rotation angle of the blade about the primary axis. The rotation of the blade about the blade axis is in the same direction of rotation as the blade axis about the primary axis.

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1. A turbine for extracting power from a flowing fluid, comprising: a blade for interaction with the fluid, the blade being rotatable both about a primary axis and a blade axis, the blade axis being proximate to the blade and substantially parallel to the primary axis and spaced therefrom, androtati

1. A turbine for extracting power from a flowing fluid, comprising: a blade for interaction with the fluid, the blade being rotatable both about a primary axis and a blade axis, the blade axis being proximate to the blade and substantially parallel to the primary axis and spaced therefrom, androtation actuating means to rotate the blade about the blade axis in dependence upon the rotation of the blade about the primary axis such that the rotation angle of the blade about the blade axis is a function of the rotation angle of the blade about the primary axis,wherein the rotation of the blade about the blade axis is in the same direction of rotation as the blade axis about the primary axis, andwherein the rotation actuating means is contained within a sealed housing. 2. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, comprising a plurality of blades, each blade being rotatable about both the primary axis and a respective blade axis proximate the respective blade, which axis is parallel to, and spaced from, the primary axis, and wherein the rotation actuating means rotates each blade about its respective blade axis in dependence upon the rotation of each blade about the primary axis such that a rotation of 180 degrees of the blade about its axis coincides with 360 degrees rotation of the blade axis about the primary axis and such that this ratio between the rotation angle of the blade about its axis and the rotation angle of the blade axis is not held constant or the same value at any other angles. 3. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle of the blade about its own axis obeys a relationship such that the change in angular rotation of the blade axis about its axis is within 45 degrees of half the change in the angular rotation of the blade axis about the central axis. 4. A turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotation actuating means comprises a gear train and wherein the gear train comprises at least one gear which is eccentrically mounted to accomplish the change in angular rotation of the blade axis about the central axis. 5. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation actuating means comprises a gear train and wherein the gear train comprises at least one substantially non-circular gear. 6. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation actuating means comprises a belt mounted on pulleys. 7. A turbine as claimed in claim 6, wherein at least one pulley is eccentrically mounted for rotation. 8. A turbine as claimed in claim 6, wherein at least one pulley is substantially non-circular. 9. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blade rotation actuating means comprises a motor connected for rotating the/or each blade about its blade axis and a controller for controlling driving of the motor. 10. A turbine as claimed in claim 9, wherein the controller determines the rotation angle of the blade about the primary and or blade axis from an angular sensor. 11. A turbine as claimed in claim 9, wherein the controller uses a fixed algorithm to control driving of the motor. 12. A turbine as claimed in claim 9, wherein the controller controls the driving of the motor in dependence on at least one of the power output of the turbine and the speed of fluid flow proximate the turbine. 13. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the blade in the plane orthogonal to the blade axis has 180° rotational symmetry. 14. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the blade in the plane orthogonal to the blade axis is symmetric about its length. 15. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the blade in the plane orthogonal to the blade axis is rotationally symmetrical about its axis, such that each side of the blade has both concave and convex regions such that flow provides additional rotational torque about the axis of rotation of the blade. 16. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, comprising fluid flow guidance means for concentrating a portion of the flow towards the turbine. 17. A turbine as claimed in claim 16, wherein the fluid flow guidance means comprises a funnel or guidance plates for concentrating flow into the turbine. 18. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, comprising fluid flow guidance means for dispersing a portion of the flow away from the turbine. 19. A turbine as claimed in claim 18, wherein the fluid flow guidance means comprises a funnel or guidance plates for dispersing flow away from the turbine. 20. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a turbine rotor constrained by a framework which provides a means of maintaining the position of the turbine rotor and a means of providing a rotation reference frame. 21. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, comprising a primary spindle substantially co-axial with the primary axis and a blade spindle substantially co-axial with the blade axis, the blade being mounted on the blade spindle. 22. A turbine as claimed in claim 21, comprising a cap mounted at an end of the primary spindle such that the cap is rotatable about the primary axis, and wherein the cap houses the rotation actuating means. 23. A turbine as claimed in claim 22, comprising an additional cap mounted at the other end of the primary spindle. 24. A turbine as claimed in claim 23, wherein the/or each cap is adapted to guide fluid flow toward the turbine. 25. A turbine as claimed in claim 23, wherein the/or each cap is adapted to minimise the occurrence of turbulence within the fluid flow and to control vortex shedding from the blade. 26. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, in which the blade angle is controlled by a controller which responds to an independent measurement of the flow velocity local to the turbine. 27. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, comprising a primary spindle substantially co-axial with the primary axis and a generator geared to the primary spindle. 28. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, in which the blade rotation and angle is driven by a motor and measured by a local angular sensor whose information is used by a controller to drive the motor. 29. A turbine as claimed in claim 1, in which an angular sensor is used to determine the turbine rotation angle about the central axis. 30. A turbine for extracting power from a flowing fluid, comprising: a blade for interaction with the fluid, the blade being rotatable both about a primary axis and a blade axis, the blade axis being proximate to the blade and substantially parallel to the primary axis and spaced therefrom,a primary spindle substantially co-axial with the primary axis,a blade spindle substantially co-axial with the blade axis, the blade being mounted on the blade spindle, anda cap mounted at an end of the primary spindle such that the cap is rotatable about the primary axis,wherein the turbine comprises rotation actuating means to rotate the blade about the blade axis in dependence upon the rotation of the blade about the primary axis, the rotation actuating means being housed within the cap, andwherein the rotation actuating means is contained within a sealed housing. 31. A turbine as claimed in claim 30, which includes a set of blades so arranged that each blade is positioned in a different phase to others and rotates around a common axis of a central disc. 32. A turbine as claimed in claim 31, which includes sets of blades which rotate around the common axis. 33. A turbine as claimed in claim 30, such that the housing is rotatable about a central axis and provides a seal to the central axis such that fluid is prevented from flowing across the seal during rotation.