An ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device and a high-performance speed-type internal combustion engine using this device are provided, whereby ignition and the spreading and holding of flames can be dramatically improved in a gas turbine, a ram machine, a rocket engine, or another
An ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device and a high-performance speed-type internal combustion engine using this device are provided, whereby ignition and the spreading and holding of flames can be dramatically improved in a gas turbine, a ram machine, a rocket engine, or another speed-type internal combustion engine. An ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device of a speed-type internal combustion engine comprises a spark plug for preparing charged particles in a predetermined location in a combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine, and a microwave oscillator and antenna for inducing plasma with a working fluid in the combustor as a starter material by irradiating the charged particles and their surrounding vicinity with microwave pulses; wherein a region in which sufficient conditions for performing combustion are met is formed in the combustor by supplying an active chemical species produced from the working fluid by the effect of the plasma.
대표청구항▼
1. An ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device for a speed-type internal combustion engine, comprising: a charged particle preparation portion preparing charged particles in a predetermined location in a combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine or in a working fluid in
1. An ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device for a speed-type internal combustion engine, comprising: a charged particle preparation portion preparing charged particles in a predetermined location in a combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine or in a working fluid inlet passage leading to the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine; andone or a plurality of electromagnetic wave irradiators provided with an antenna irradiating the charged particles and their surrounding vicinity with electromagnetic wave pulses in order to induce plasma, a working fluid in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion being used as a starter material,wherein the antenna is a flat antenna installed on an inner liner of the combustion engine, andwherein an active chemical species produced from the working fluid by an effect of the plasma is supplied, whereby a region, in which sufficient conditions for performing combustion are fulfilled, is formed in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine. 2. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the one or a plurality of electromagnetic wave irradiators continue to radiate electromagnetic wave pulses while a temperature of gas or ions in the plasma remains less than an electron temperature in the plasma after plasma induction has begun. 3. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the charged particle preparation portion continues to prepare the charged particles after the active chemical species has been produced when the working fluid is ignited, whereby a space is formed having an energy density equal to or greater than a minimum ignition energy of the working fluid in the presence of the active chemical species. 4. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the plasma causes a region having an energy density equal to or greater than a minimum ignition energy and a region having an energy density less than a minimum ignition energy to be distributed in a time domain or a space domain. 5. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the one or a plurality of electromagnetic wave irradiators continues to induce the plasma after the active chemical species has been produced when the working fluid is ignited, whereby a space is formed having an energy density equal to or greater than a minimum ignition energy of the working fluid in the presence of the active chemical species. 6. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein a timing with which the active chemical species is supplied is determined based on fluctuations over time in at least one of a flow rate of the working fluid in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine when the active chemical species is supplied, a rate disturbance, a rate the substance diffuses, a temperature, a pressure, a local amount of heat generated, a fuel concentration, a chemical reaction rate, a rate of production of the active chemical species, and a rate of active consumption of the active chemical species. 7. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the one or the plurality of electromagnetic wave irradiators intermittently emits electromagnetic wave pulses at a timing determined based on a flow rate of the working fluid in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine and a time duration over which the active chemical species remains active. 8. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the one or the plurality of electromagnetic wave irradiators intermittently irradiates the active chemical species with electromagnetic wave pulses with a timing, frequency, number of frequency components, or form of emission determined based on a cycle and/or phase of combustion oscillation in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine. 9. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined location in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine of the region where the active chemical species is supplied to is determined based on a spatial distribution of at least one of a flow rate of the working fluid in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine when the active chemical species is supplied, a rate disturbance, a rate the substance diffuses, a temperature, a pressure, a local amount of heat generated, a fuel concentration, a chemical reaction rate, a rate of production of the active chemical species, and a rate of active consumption of the active chemical species. 10. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the active chemical species is supplied to a vicinity of a center axis of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine or a vicinity of a fuel injection device of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine, a vicinity of a side wall, or a vicinity of an outlet. 11. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the active chemical species is supplied to a vicinity of a fuel injection device of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine, a vicinity of a side wall, or a vicinity of an outlet. 12. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the active chemical species is carried by a flow of the working fluid and supplied to the region. 13. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the charged particle preparation portion prepares the charged particles through one or a plurality of production methods selected from a group of plasma production methods consisting of discharge, laser-induced breakdown, working fluid friction, and combustion. 14. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the charged particle preparation portion prepares thermoelectrons. 15. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein an active chemical species produced from the working fluid by the effect of the plasma is supplied, whereby a region, in which temperature conditions for performing combustion are fulfilled, is formed in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine. 16. The ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1, wherein the flat antenna is installed at a position nearer to a center axis of the combustion engine than the charged particle preparation portion. 17. A speed-type internal combustion engine, wherein an ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1 is installed in at least one of a side wall internal surface of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine, a vicinity of a stepback, a flame holder, a vicinity of a gutter, a vicinity of a swirler, an injector, an air inlet, a fuel inlet, and a terminal end vicinity of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine. 18. The speed-type internal combustion engine according to claim 17, comprising: an observation portion, observing a preselected region in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine and creating a signal expressing the result;a holding portion, holding an information value expressing an admissible value of the result;a detecting portion detecting a difference between an observation result from the observation portion and the information value;a storing portion, storing a relationship between an input sent to the ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device and the plasma; anda determining portion, determining the input sent to the ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device from the difference and the relationship in accordance with a predetermined function in response to the difference detected by the detecting portion, resulting in a determination;the speed-type internal combustion engine, wherein the input sent to the ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device is controlled according to the determination made by the determining portion. 19. The speed-type internal combustion engine according to claim 17, comprising: an auxiliary charged particle preparation portion preparing charged particles in a location determined based on a temperature distribution, pressure distribution, or working fluid density distribution in a combustion chamber; andan auxiliary electromagnetic wave irradiator irradiating the charged particles and their surrounding vicinity with electromagnetic wave pulses in order to induce plasma in the region; the speed-type internal combustion engine,wherein the working fluid is heated by the effect of the plasma. 20. The speed-type internal combustion engine according to claim 17, wherein the ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device is actuated and phenomena that take place in the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine are controlled by the plasma. 21. A furnace, wherein an ignition/chemical reaction promotion/flame holding device according to claim 1 is installed in at least one of a side wall internal surface of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine, a side wall internal surface of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine, a vicinity of a stepback, a flame holder, a vicinity of a gutter, a vicinity of a swirler, an injector, an air inlet, a fuel inlet, and a terminal end vicinity of the combustor of the speed-type internal combustion engine.
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