초록 ▼

A method and computer program product for planning a landing approach of an aircraft based on an actual position or first nominal position of the aircraft during its approach for landing on a runway, including providing a stabilization flight path section and stabilization region and/or stabilizatio

A method and computer program product for planning a landing approach of an aircraft based on an actual position or first nominal position of the aircraft during its approach for landing on a runway, including providing a stabilization flight path section and stabilization region and/or stabilization point defined by an altitude profile by at least one configuration change point in the stabilization flight path section with a change of the overall profile configuration of the airfoils and with a predetermined final approach flight status of the aircraft, and checking or changing position of the at least one configuration change measure in a change and/or the addition of an additional configuration change measure to the stabilization flight path section and by changing a speed profile along the stabilization flight path section so that the aircraft reaches the predetermined final approach flight status in the stabilization region or at the stabilization point.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A method for planning a landing approach of an aircraft based on an actual position or a first nominal position of the aircraft during its approach for landing on a runway, the method comprising: providing a stabilization region and/or a stabilization point with respect to the landing of the airc

1. A method for planning a landing approach of an aircraft based on an actual position or a first nominal position of the aircraft during its approach for landing on a runway, the method comprising: providing a stabilization region and/or a stabilization point with respect to the landing of the aircraft, a final approach flight status of the aircraft required for the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point and a stabilization flight path section that is at least defined in a form of an altitude profile and extends between the actual position or the first nominal position of the aircraft and the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point;providing or specifying at least one configuration change condition that can be fulfilled while flying along the stabilization flight path section with the aircraft as planned and at least one respective configuration change measure that is assigned to the at least one configuration change condition and causes a drag-lift ratio of airfoils to be adjusted due to a changed adjustment of an overall aerodynamic profile configuration of the airfoils of the aircraft; andassigning to a flight plan of the aircraft a combination of the predetermined stabilization flight path section and the at least one configuration change condition with the least one configuration change measure that is respectively assigned to this configuration change condition and carried out on the aircraft when the respective configuration change condition is fulfilled while flying along the stabilization flight path section with the aircraft as planned, wherein assigning to the flight plan of the aircraft comprises: determining an expected final approach flight status of the aircraft, which the aircraft assumes when the predetermined stabilization region or the stabilization point is reached while flying along the stabilization flight path section,wherein, if the expected final approach flight status of the aircraft only deviates from the required final approach flight status of the aircraft within predefined limits, assigning to the flight plan of the aircraft the combination of the predetermined stabilization flight path section and the at least one configuration change condition with the least one configuration change measure that is respectively assigned to this configuration change condition and carried out on the aircraft when the respective configuration change condition is fulfilled while flying along the stabilization flight path section with the aircraft as planned, andwherein, if the expected final approach flight status of the aircraft deviates from the required final approach flight status of the aircraft by more than the predefined limits, changing a speed profile for a flight along the stabilization flight path section by changing the at least one configuration change condition and/or the at least one configuration change measure for fulfillment of the respective at least one configuration change condition that is/are assigned to the provided stabilization flight path section, and/or by adding at least one additional configuration change condition with a configuration change measure for fulfillment thereof in such a way that the aircraft reaches the required final approach flight status of the aircraft within the predefined limit in the stabilization region or at the stabilization point, as well as assigning to the flight plan of the aircraft the combination of the determined stabilization flight path section and the at least one determined configuration change condition with the least one configuration change measure that is respectively assigned to this configuration change condition. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the configuration change condition for the flight of the aircraft along the stabilization flight path section comprises: reaching a configuration change point along the respectively provided stabilization flight path section, and/or reaching at least one configuration change flight status while flying along the stabilization flight path section as planned, and/or reaching at least one configuration change time while flying along the stabilization flight path section as planned. 3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: determining the stabilization flight path section by defining a flight path section backward from the stabilization point or the stabilization region in a direction of a current actual position of the aircraft during the at least one predetermined configuration change measure along the flight path section such that a starting point of the stabilization flight path section and a course of the stabilization flight path section, which is at least defined by a positionally fixed starting point and an altitude profile, result; andcarrying out a subsequent flight along the determined stabilization flight path section with an automatic flight path control or a display of control commands for carrying out a subsequent manual flight along the flight path to a pilot on a flight instrument;wherein the at least one configuration change measure of the airfoils is carried out automatically or by the pilot when the aircraft passes the configuration change point, and/or when the configuration change flight status is reached and/or when the configuration change time is reached. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the final approach flight status is defined by a speed of the aircraft. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the final approach flight status comprises at least a presence of at least one of the following data: an adjusting state of the airfoils and an adjusting state of at least one aerodynamic high-lift aid on a main wing of the airfoils, in which the at least one aerodynamic high-lift aid is in a predefined landing position, and/ora state of landing gear, in which the landing gear is lowered, and/ora state, in which certain deviations from predefined variables and a deviation of the aircraft from a landing course and a gliding path are not exceeded, and/oradjustment of a certain engine speed that is higher than in an idling state of an engine. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a change of the at least one configuration change condition and/or the adjustment of the overall aerodynamic profile configuration of the airfoils of the aircraft is realized by carrying out the predetermined configuration change measure and/or adding the at least one additional configuration change measure with the adjustment of the overall aerodynamic profile configuration of the airfoils in the stabilization flight path section based on one or more optimization goals, the one or more optimization goals comprising: the aircraft requires a shortest possible flight time during the flight with an optimized execution of the landing approach between the first nominal position and the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point,the aircraft observes a suitable predetermined flight time within the predefined limits during the flight with the optimized execution of the landing approach between the first nominal position and the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point,engines of the aircraft together generate a lowest possible thrust or a lowest possible maximally occurring thrust during the flight with the optimized execution of the landing approach between the first nominal position and the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point, and/orthe aircraft consumes a smallest possible quantity of fuel during the flight with the optimized execution of the landing approach between the first nominal position and the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one configuration change measure comprises at least one of: at least one respective predetermined change of the configuration of the airfoils for changing the deformation state of a main wing of the aircraft, and/oran adjusting angle of at least one leading edge high-lift aid and, in particular, relative to the main wing, and/oran adjusting angle of at least one trailing edge high-lift aid and, in particular, relative to the main wing, and/ora deformation state of the at least one leading edge high-lift aid, and/ora deformation state of the at least one trailing edge high-lift aid. 8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining a nominal flight path until reaching a residual flight altitude prior to the landing of the aircraft based on the stabilization flight path section and a final approach nominal flight path section that is predefined with respect to its altitude profile is used as a specification for determining the nominal flight path; wherein the stabilization flight path section transforms into the final approach nominal flight path section;wherein the final approach nominal flight path section extends between the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point and a landing reference point that is related to position data of the runway and lies between the stabilization region and/or the stabilization point and the runway; andwherein the stabilization flight path section and the predetermined final approach nominal flight path section are respectively defined by a location-dependent or time-dependent altitude profile, wherein the aircraft carries out a descent to a residual flight altitude with a constant flight path angle and/or with a constant speed along the final approach nominal flight path section. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the landing reference point is with respect to the runway a planned touchdown point of the aircraft on the runway. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stabilization point or a safety stabilization point is defined in the stabilization region in such a way that it lies at a beginning of a predetermined final approach nominal flight path section that is defined by an altitude profile and a speed profile. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein a nominal and/or actual flight status of the aircraft is used as a starting point of the stabilization flight path section in the determination of the stabilization flight path section, and wherein the determination of the stabilization flight path section is carried out by varying the at least one configuration change measure and/or control specifications for controlling an aircraft speed that is variable over the stabilization flight path section or a thrust that is variable over the stabilization flight path section for a predetermined flight path course in a horizontal plane. 12. A computer program product that causes the method according to claim 1 to be carried out on a program-controlled device. 13. A computer program product with a landing approach plan prepared by the method according to claim 1 stored thereon. 14. A device for planning a landing approach of an aircraft with a function for flight path control of the aircraft based on an actual position or a first nominal position of the aircraft during the approach for landing on a runway, the device comprising: an interface for receiving a stabilization flight path section between the actual position or the first nominal position of the aircraft and a stabilization region and/or a stabilization point that is defined in a form of an altitude profile by at least one configuration change point for at least one provided configuration change measure in the stabilization flight path section with a change of an overall profile configuration of airfoils at the at least one configuration change point and with a predetermined final approach flight status of the aircraft for the stabilization region or the stabilization point; anda function module for checking or changing a position at which the at least one configuration change measure is carried out in the stabilization flight path section, by a change within the stabilization flight path section and/or an addition of an additional configuration change measure to the stabilization flight path section and by thusly changing a speed profile along the stabilization flight path section in such a way that the aircraft reaches the predetermined final approach flight status at least within predefined limits in the stabilization region or at the stabilization point;wherein the device is configured to determine an expected final approach status of the aircraft, which the aircraft assumes when the predetermined stabilization region or the stabilization point is reached while flying along the stabilization flight path section, such that if the expected final approach flight status of the aircraft only deviates from a required final approach flight status of the aircraft within the predefined limits, assigning to the flight plan of the aircraft the combination of the predetermined stabilization flight path section and the at least one configuration change condition with the least one configuration change measure that is respectively assigned to this configuration change condition and carried out on the aircraft when the respective configuration change condition is fulfilled while flying along the stabilization flight path section with the aircraft as planned; andif the expected final approach flight status of the aircraft deviates from the required final approach flight status of the aircraft by more than the predefined limits, changing a speed profile for a flight along the stabilization flight path section by changing the at least one configuration change condition and/or the at least one configuration change measure for fulfillment of the respective at least one configuration change condition that is/are assigned to the provided stabilization flight path section, and/or by adding at least one additional configuration change condition with a configuration change measure for fulfillment thereof in such a way that the aircraft reaches the required final approach flight status of the aircraft within the predefined limit in the stabilization region or at the stabilization point, as well as assigning to the flight plan of the aircraft the combination of the determined stabilization flight path section and the at least one determined configuration change condition with the least one configuration change measure that is respectively assigned to this configuration change condition.