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A method of temperature swing adsorption allows separation of a first fluid component from a fluid mixture comprising at least the first fluid component in an adsorptive separation system having a parallel passage adsorbent contactor with parallel flow passages having cell walls which include an ads

A method of temperature swing adsorption allows separation of a first fluid component from a fluid mixture comprising at least the first fluid component in an adsorptive separation system having a parallel passage adsorbent contactor with parallel flow passages having cell walls which include an adsorbent material and axial thermally conductive filaments in direct contact with the adsorbent material. The method provides for transferring heat from the heat of adsorption in a countercurrent direction along at least a portion of the filaments during adsorption and transferring heat in either axial direction along the filaments to provide at least a portion of the heat of desorption during a desorption step. A carbon dioxide TSA separation process to separate carbon dioxide from flue gas also includes steps transferring heat from adsorption or for desorption along axial thermally conductive filaments.

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1. A temperature swing adsorption method for separating a fluid mixture comprising at least first and second fluid components, the method comprising: admitting said fluid mixture into an adsorptive separation system comprising at least one parallel passage adsorbent contactor, said parallel passage

1. A temperature swing adsorption method for separating a fluid mixture comprising at least first and second fluid components, the method comprising: admitting said fluid mixture into an adsorptive separation system comprising at least one parallel passage adsorbent contactor, said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprising a plurality of substantially parallel fluid flow passages oriented in a first axial direction between an inlet and an outlet end thereof;cell walls situated between said fluid flow passages comprising at least one adsorbent material; anda plurality of axially continuous thermally conductive filaments oriented in said axial direction and in direct contact with said at least one adsorbent material;admitting said fluid mixture into said inlet end of said parallel passage adsorbent contactor to flow towards said outlet end in said first axial direction;adsorbing at least a portion of said first fluid component on said at least one adsorbent material;transferring heat from a heat of adsorption of said first fluid component on said at least one adsorbent material along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments in a second axial direction towards said inlet end and opposite to said first axial direction during said adsorbing step;recovering a first product fluid depleted in said first fluid component relative to said fluid mixture from said outlet end;desorbing at least a portion of said first fluid component adsorbed on at least one said adsorbent material by heating at least one said adsorbent material;transferring heat along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments in either of said first or second axial directions to provide at least a portion of the heat of desorption of said first fluid component during said desorbing step; andrecovering a desorbed second product fluid enriched in said first fluid component from at least one of said inlet and said outlet ends. 2. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, additionally comprising admitting a pre-regeneration fluid into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor and desorbing at least a portion of said second fluid component co-adsorbed on said at least one adsorbent material by heating said at least one adsorbent material to a pre-regeneration temperature, prior to recovering said first product fluid. 3. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one adsorbent material is kinetically selective for said first fluid component and has a first mass transfer rate for said first fluid component which is greater than a second mass transfer rate for said second fluid component. 4. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 3, wherein admitting said fluid mixture comprises admitting said fluid mixture into said inlet end of said parallel passage adsorbent contactor to flow towards said outlet end in said first axial direction wherein said fluid mixture is admitted at a space velocity greater than said second mass transfer rate for said second fluid component and less than said first mass transfer rate for said first fluid component. 5. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, additionally comprising conditioning at least one said adsorbent material to a desired pre-adsorption temperature prior to admitting said fluid mixture into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor. 6. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 2 wherein said adsorbing further comprises adsorbing at least a portion of said first fluid component on said at least one adsorbent material at a first adsorbent material temperature, and said desorbing further comprises desorbing at least a portion of said first fluid component adsorbed on said at least one adsorbent material by heating said adsorbent material at a second adsorbent material temperature. 7. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 6 wherein said second adsorbent material temperature is higher than said first adsorbent material temperature. 8. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 6 wherein said pre-regeneration temperature is greater than said first adsorbent temperature, and less than said second adsorbent temperature. 9. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 5 wherein said pre-adsorption temperature is lower than a first adsorbent material temperature during said adsorbing of said first fluid component. 10. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 5 wherein said pre-adsorption temperature is higher than a first adsorbent material temperature during said adsorbing of said first fluid component, and lower than a second adsorbent material temperature during said desorbing of said first fluid component. 11. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1 wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprises at least first and second adsorbent materials, and wherein said desorbing comprises desorbing at least a portion of said first fluid component adsorbed on said first adsorbent material by heating said first adsorbent material separately from said second adsorbent material. 12. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said desorbing additionally comprises supplying a purge fluid into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor, and said recovering additionally comprises recovering a desorbed product fluid comprising said first fluid component and said purge fluid. 13. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 12, wherein said purge fluid is condensable, and additionally comprising condensing said purge fluid out of said desorbed product fluid following recovering said desorbed product fluid. 14. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said desorbing additionally comprises heating at least one said adsorbent material by supplying at least one heat transfer fluid at an elevated temperature into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor. 15. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said desorbing additionally comprises directly heating at least one said adsorbent material by supplying thermal energy to said thermally conductive filaments to directly heat said cell walls comprising said at least one adsorbent material. 16. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said axially continuous thermally conductive filaments additionally comprise axially continuous electrically conductive filaments, and wherein said desorbing additionally comprises directly heating at least one said adsorbent material by electrically heating said thermally and electrically conductive filaments to directly heat said cell walls comprising said at least one adsorbent material. 17. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 16, wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprises at least first and second axial segments comprising first and second adsorbent materials, and wherein said desorbing comprises desorbing at least a portion of said first fluid component adsorbed on said first adsorbent material by electrically heating said conductive filaments in said first segment in contact with said first adsorbent material separately from said second adsorbent material. 18. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 16, wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprises at least first and second axial segments comprising first and second adsorbent materials, and wherein said desorbing comprises desorbing at least a portion of said first fluid component adsorbed on said first adsorbent material by electrically heating said conductive filaments in said first segment in contact with said first adsorbent material, and then sequentially desorbing at least a portion of a fluid component adsorbed on said second adsorbent material by electrically heating said conductive filaments in said second segment in contact with said second adsorbent material. 19. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 18, wherein said first segment is located nearest to said outlet end of said parallel passage contactor and said second segment is located towards said inlet end of said parallel passage contactor from said first segment, and wherein said recovering additionally comprises sequentially recovering a second desorbed product fluid enriched in a fluid component adsorbed on said second adsorbent material from at least one of said inlet and outlet ends. 20. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 5, wherein said conditioning additionally comprises admitting at least one heat transfer fluid into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor to condition at least one said adsorbent material to said desired pre-adsorption temperature. 21. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 5, wherein said conditioning further comprises providing a secondary purge of said at least one adsorbent material prior to admitting said fluid mixture. 22. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said transferring heat along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments during said adsorbing step is effective to reduce a thermal profile spike in said parallel passage adsorbent contactor associated with said adsorbing of said first fluid component on said at least one adsorbent material. 23. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one adsorbent material is selected from the list consisting of: desiccant, activated carbon, carbon molecular sieve, carbon adsorbent, graphite, activated alumina, molecular sieve, aluminophosphate, silicoaluminophosphate, zeolite adsorbent, ion exchanged zeolite, hydrophilic zeolite, hydrophobic zeolite, modified zeolite, natural zeolites, faujasite, clinoptilolite, mordenite, metal-exchanged silico-aluminophosphate, uni-polar resin, bi-polar resin, aromatic cross-linked polystyrenic matrix, brominated aromatic matrix, methacrylic ester copolymer, graphitic adsorbent, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, nano-materials, metal salt adsorbent, perchlorate, oxalate, alkaline earth metal particle, ETS, CTS, metal oxide, chemisorbent, amine, organo-metallic reactant, and metal organic framework adsorbent materials, and combinations thereof. 24. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said admitting, adsorbing, recovering a first product fluid, desorbing and recovering a desorbed second product fluid steps are substantially isobaric and are conducted at one of substantially atmospheric and elevated supra-atmospheric pressures. 25. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 1, wherein said admitting, adsorbing, and recovering a first product fluid are conducted at substantially atmospheric pressure, and wherein said desorbing and recovering a desorbed second product fluid steps are conducted at an elevated super-atmospheric pressure. 26. A temperature swing adsorption process for separating carbon dioxide from a flue gas feed mixture comprising at least carbon dioxide and nitrogen components, the process comprising: admitting said flue gas feed mixture into an adsorptive separation system comprising at least one parallel passage adsorbent contactor, said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprising a plurality of substantially parallel fluid flow passages oriented in a first axial direction between an inlet and an outlet end thereof;cell walls situated between said fluid flow passages comprising at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material; anda plurality of axially continuous thermally conductive filaments oriented in said axial direction and in direct contact with said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material;admitting said flue gas into said inlet end of said parallel passage adsorbent contactor to flow towards said outlet end in said first axial direction;adsorbing at least a portion of said carbon dioxide component on said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material;transferring heat from a heat of adsorption of carbon dioxide on said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments in a second axial direction towards said inlet end and opposite to said first axial direction during said adsorbing step;recovering a flue gas product stream depleted in carbon dioxide relative to said flue gas feed mixture from said outlet end;desorbing at least a portion of said carbon dioxide adsorbed on at least one said carbon dioxide adsorbent material by heating at least one said adsorbent material;transferring heat along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments in either of said first or second axial directions to provide at least a portion of the heat of desorption of said carbon dioxide during said desorbing step; andrecovering a desorbed carbon dioxide product enriched in carbon dioxide from at least one of said inlet and said outlet ends. 27. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 26, additionally comprising admitting a pre-regeneration fluid into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor and desorbing at least a portion of said nitrogen component co-adsorbed on said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material by heating said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material to a pre-regeneration temperature, prior to recovering said flue gas product. 28. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 26, wherein said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material is kinetically selective for said carbon dioxide component and has a first mass transfer rate for said carbon dioxide component which is greater than a second mass transfer rate for said nitrogen component. 29. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 26, wherein admitting said flue gas comprises admitting said flue gas into said inlet end of said parallel passage adsorbent contactor to flow towards said outlet end in said first axial direction wherein said flue gas is admitted at a space velocity greater than said second mass transfer rate for said nitrogen component and less than said first mass transfer rate for said carbon dioxide component. 30. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, additionally comprising conditioning at least one said adsorbent material to a desired pre-adsorption temperature prior to admitting said flue gas feed mixture into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor. 31. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 27 wherein said adsorbing further comprises adsorbing at least a portion of said carbon dioxide on said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material at a first adsorbent material temperature, and said desorbing further comprises desorbing at least a portion of said carbon dioxide adsorbed on said at least one adsorbent material by heating said adsorbent material at a second adsorbent material temperature higher than said first adsorbent material temperature. 32. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 31 wherein said pre-regeneration temperature is greater than said first adsorbent temperature, and less than said second adsorbent temperature. 33. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 27 wherein said pre-adsorption temperature is lower than at least one of: a first adsorbent material temperature during said adsorbing of said carbon dioxide and a second adsorbent material temperature during said desorbing of said carbon dioxide. 34. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26 wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprises at least a first carbon dioxide adsorbent material and a second adsorbent material, and wherein said desorbing comprises desorbing at least a portion of said carbon dioxide adsorbed on said first adsorbent material by heating said first adsorbent material separately from said second adsorbent material. 35. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said desorbing additionally comprises supplying a purge gas into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor, and said recovering additionally comprises recovering a carbon dioxide enriched product fluid comprising carbon dioxide and said purge gas. 36. The temperature swing adsorption method according to claim 35, wherein said purge gas is condensable, and additionally comprising condensing said purge gas out of said desorbed product fluid following recovering said desorbed product fluid. 37. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 35, wherein said purge gas comprises at least one of: ambient air, steam, and a flue gas product stream depleted of carbon dioxide. 38. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said desorbing additionally comprises heating at least one said adsorbent material by supplying at least one heat transfer fluid at an elevated temperature into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor and desorbing said carbon dioxide into said heat transfer fluid. 39. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 38, wherein said heat transfer fluid comprises at least one of: ambient air, steam, a carbon dioxide enriched product gas, and a flue gas product stream depleted of carbon dioxide. 40. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said desorbing additionally comprises directly heating at least one said carbon dioxide adsorbent material by supplying thermal energy to said thermally conductive filaments to directly heat said cell walls comprising said at least one adsorbent material. 41. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said axially continuous thermally conductive filaments additionally comprise axially continuous electrically conductive filaments, and wherein said desorbing additionally comprises directly heating at least one said carbon dioxide adsorbent material by electrically heating said thermally and electrically conductive filaments to directly heat said cell walls comprising said at least one adsorbent material. 42. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 41, wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprises at least first and second axial segments comprising a first carbon dioxide adsorbent material and a second adsorbent material, respectively, and wherein said desorbing comprises desorbing at least a portion of said carbon dioxide adsorbed on said first adsorbent material by electrically heating said conductive filaments in said first segment in contact with said first adsorbent material separately from said second adsorbent material. 43. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 41, wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprises at least first and second axial segments comprising a first carbon dioxide adsorbent material and a second adsorbent material respectively, and wherein said desorbing comprises desorbing at least a portion of said carbon dioxide adsorbed on said first adsorbent material by electrically heating said conductive filaments in said first segment in contact with said first adsorbent material, and then sequentially desorbing at least a portion of a flue gas stream component adsorbed on said second adsorbent material by electrically heating said conductive filaments in said second segment in contact with said second adsorbent material. 44. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 43, wherein said first segment is located nearest to said outlet end of said parallel passage contactor and said second segment is located towards said inlet end of said parallel passage contactor from said first segment, and wherein said recovering additionally comprises sequentially recovering a second desorbed product fluid enriched in a flue gas component adsorbed on said second adsorbent material from at least one of said inlet and outlet ends. 45. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 30, wherein said conditioning additionally comprises admitting at least one heat transfer fluid into said parallel passage adsorbent contactor to condition at least one said adsorbent material to said desired pre-adsorption temperature. 46. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 30, wherein said conditioning further comprises providing a secondary purge of said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material prior to admitting said flue gas feed mixture. 47. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said transferring heat along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments during said adsorbing step is effective to reduce a thermal profile spike in said parallel passage adsorbent contactor associated with said adsorbing of carbon dioxide on said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material. 48. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said at least one carbon dioxide adsorbent material is selected from the list consisting of: activated carbon adsorbent, carbon molecular sieve, amine impregnated adsorbent supports (comprising silica, activated carbon, alumina, zeolite, polymer and ceramic supports), metal salt, metal hydroxide, metal oxide, zeolite, hydrotalcite, silicalite, metal organic framework and zeolitic imadazolate framework adsorbent materials, and combinations thereof. 49. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said admitting, adsorbing, recovering a flue gas product stream, desorbing and recovering a desorbed carbon dioxide product steps are substantially isobaric and are conducted at one of substantially atmospheric and one or more elevated super-atmospheric pressures. 50. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said admitting, adsorbing, and recovering a flue gas product stream are conducted at substantially atmospheric pressure, and wherein said desorbing and recovering a desorbed carbon dioxide product steps are conducted at an elevated super-atmospheric pressure. 51. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said transferring heat along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments during said adsorbing step is effective to substantially retain a thermal wave front resulting from said adsorbing step within said parallel passage adsorbent contactor at the end of said adsorbing step. 52. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 26, wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprises at least first and second axial segments comprising a first adsorbent material selective for carbon dioxide over nitrogen, and a second adsorbent material selective for at least one of water, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and heavy metals over carbon dioxide, respectively, and wherein said second axial segment is located upstream of said first axial segment nearer to the inlet end of said contactor. 53. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 52, wherein said parallel passage adsorbent contactor further comprises at least a third axial segment comprising a third adsorbent material selective for at least one of water, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and heavy metals over carbon dioxide, and wherein said third axial segment is located upstream of said first axial segment and downstream of said second axial segment. 54. A temperature swing adsorption process for separating at least one of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from a natural gas feed mixture comprising at least one of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide and methane components, the process comprising: admitting said natural gas feed mixture into an adsorptive separation system comprising at least one parallel passage adsorbent contactor, said parallel passage adsorbent contactor comprising a plurality of substantially parallel fluid flow passages oriented in a first axial direction between an inlet and an outlet end thereof;cell walls situated between said fluid flow passages comprising at least one adsorbent material selective for at least one of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide over methane; anda plurality of axially continuous thermally conductive filaments oriented in said axial direction and in direct contact with said at least one adsorbent material;admitting said natural gas feed mixture into said inlet end of said parallel passage adsorbent contactor to flow towards said outlet end in said first axial direction;adsorbing at least a portion of at least one of said carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide components on said at least one adsorbent material;transferring heat from a heat of adsorption on said at least one adsorbent material along said at least a portion of thermally conductive filaments in a second axial direction towards said inlet end and opposite to said first axial direction during said adsorbing step;recovering a natural gas product stream depleted in at least one of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide relative to said natural gas feed mixture from said outlet end;desorbing at least a portion of at least one of said carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide adsorbed on at least one said adsorbent material by heating said at least one adsorbent material;transferring heat along at least a portion of said thermally conductive filaments in either of said first or second axial directions to provide at least a portion of the heat of desorption of said carbon dioxide or hydrogen sulfide during said desorbing step; andrecovering a desorbed product enriched in at least one of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from at least one of said inlet and said outlet ends. 55. The temperature swing adsorption process according to claim 54, wherein said admitting, adsorbing, recovering a natural gas product stream, desorbing and recovering a desorbed product steps are substantially isobaric and are conducted at elevated super-atmospheric pressures.