An airship comprises a shell having a bi-convex shape, wherein the shell encompasses a volume, and a gas storage system located within the volume.
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1. An airship comprising: a shell having a lateral vertical cross-section bi-convex shape comprising a substantially planar structure configured to resist tension forces of a membrane comprising a first arc and a second arc, such that the planar structure substantially aligns with a longitudinal axi
1. An airship comprising: a shell having a lateral vertical cross-section bi-convex shape comprising a substantially planar structure configured to resist tension forces of a membrane comprising a first arc and a second arc, such that the planar structure substantially aligns with a longitudinal axis and a lateral axis of the shell, and a width of the shell relative to a horizontal axis differs from a height of the shell, and the shell encompasses a volume;a gas storage system located within the volume, such that the gas storage system comprises multiple cells within the volume, and at least one cell comprises a combination of a lighter than air gas bag within a hot air section, the gas within the gas storage system comprising a lighter than air gas;an air storage system located within the volume, wherein the air storage system comprises a ventilation system, wherein the ventilation system comprises controllable vents and inlet fans;a heating system, wherein the heating system comprises at least one of: a propulsion system, a heater unit, and a heat exchange system connected to a set of heat generating components; anda controller, wherein the controller is configured to control a temperature of air in the air storage system to: control a buoyancy of the airship, and adjust the buoyancy of the airship to enable the airship to ascend without using aerodynamic lift and without using a vertical thrust component from the propulsion system. 2. The airship of claim 1, further comprising the width of the lateral vertical cross-section bi-convex shape being greater than the height. 3. The airship of claim 1, further comprising the height of the lateral vertical cross-section bi-convex shape being greater than the width of the lateral vertical cross-section bi-convex shape. 4. The airship of claim 1, wherein the bi-convex shape has a plurality of bi-convex lateral vertical cross-sections having width to height ratios, wherein the width to height ratios vary in successive bi-convex lateral vertical cross-sections in the plurality of lateral vertical bi-convex cross-sections. 5. The airship of claim 1, wherein the shell is selected from one of a rigid shell, a non-rigid shell, and a semi-rigid shell. 6. The airship of claim 1 further comprising: a horizontal rear control surface connected to a rear portion of the shell. 7. The airship of claim 1 further comprising: a gondola attached to the shell. 8. The airship of claim 1, further comprising the lateral vertical cross-section bi-convex shape being formed from an upper arc having a first radius and a lower arc having a second radius. 9. The airship of claim 8, wherein the first radius has a different value than the second radius. 10. The airship of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to adjust the buoyancy over a range of operationally useful airship weights from an empty airship weight to a maximum operational airship weight. 11. A method for designing an airship, the method comprising: selecting a lateral vertical bi-convex cross section shape defined by: a lower arc, and an upper arc, such that a width of the lateral vertical bi-convex cross section shape relative to a horizontal axis differs from a height of the lateral vertical bi-convex cross section shape, forming a width to height ratio for the airship and comprising a substantially planar structure configured to resist tension forces of the lower arc and the upper arc, such that the planar structure substantially aligns with a longitudinal axis and a lateral axis of the airship;selecting the width to height ratio to reduce drag on the airship during operating conditions to form a selected width to height ratio;adjusting a center of buoyancy and an aerodynamic center relative to each other to meet stability goals to form an adjusted center of buoyancy and the aerodynamic center; anddesigning a shape of the airship using the selected width to height ratio for the bi-convex cross section and the adjusted center of buoyancy and the aerodynamic center. 12. The method of claim 11 further comprising: selecting a skin material for the airship to form a selected skin;designing a frame using the skin material and the shape of the airship designed using the selected width to height ratio for the lateral vertical bi-convex cross section and the adjusted center of buoyancy and the aerodynamic center, the skin material being loaded in pure tension. 13. The method of claim 12 further comprising: estimating performance of the airship; anddetermining whether the performance exceeds a threshold for the performance. 14. The method of claim 13 further comprising: responsive to an absence of the determination that the performance exceeds the threshold for the performance, repeating the step of selecting the bi-convex cross section having the lower arc and the upper arc with the width to height ratio. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the adjusting step comprises: moving the aerodynamic center in a direction towards a back end of the airship by selecting a tail for the airship. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the adjusting step comprises: moving the adjusted center of buoyancy towards an end of the airship by changing a point for at least one of a maximum width and a maximum depth with respect to one end of the airship, and achieving a desired relationship between the center of buoyancy and the aerodynamic center. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein the adjusting step comprises: moving the aerodynamic center by changing a point of at least one of maximum width and maximum depth with respect to one end of the airship, and achieving a desired relationship between the center of buoyancy and the aerodynamic center. 18. An airship comprising: a shell having a lateral vertical cross-section bi-convex shape, such that the shell encompasses a volume, wherein the shell is configured such that a lifting gas in the volume will provide a predetermined ratio of minimum buoyancy provided by the lifting gas to a total a weight of the airship, the volume comprising cells, each of the cells comprising one of: a lighter than air gas bag, a hot air section, and a combination of the lighter than air gas bag within the hot air section, the shell further comprising: a length, a width that differs from a height of the shell, a lateral vertical cross section shape, and an area for the cross section shape, the lateral vertical cross section shape comprising bi-convex shape, the lateral vertical bi-convex shape comprising an upper arc having a first radius and a lower arc having a second radius, and a perimeter, the perimeter having a minimum value for the area of the lateral vertical cross section shape and the width, the shell further comprising a frame, and a material around the frame, the material around the frame comprising at least one of one of: an inflatable membrane, a flexible skin under pressure, a monocoque, a semi-monocoque, and a sandwich structure, such that the material is under pure tension resisted by a substantially planar structure such that the planar structure substantially aligns with a longitudinal axis and a lateral axis of the shell;a horizontal rear control surface connected to an aft end of the shell, the horizontal rear control surface configured to align an aerodynamic center of the airship with a center of buoyancy for the airship;a cargo storage system;a gas storage system located within the volume, wherein a gas in the storage system comprises lighter than air gas, and wherein the gas storage system is configured to provide neutral buoyancy when the airship is at its minimum weight;an air storage system located within the volume, wherein the air storage system comprises a ventilation system, wherein the ventilation system comprises controllable vents and inlet fans; anda heating system, wherein the heating system comprises at least one of: a propulsion system, a heater unit, and a heat exchange system connected to a heat generating component; anda controller, wherein the controller is configured to: control a temperature of air in the air storage system to control a buoyancy of the airship; adjust the buoyancy of the airship to enable the airship to ascend without using aerodynamic lift and without using a vertical thrust component from the propulsion system; adjust the buoyancy over a range of operationally useful airship weights to create near neutral buoyancy from an empty airship weight to a maximum operational airship weight; and adjust a location of the center of buoyancy for the airship during a phase of operation of the airship in flight or ground operations. 19. An airship comprising: a shell having a lateral vertical bi-convex cross-section shape, such that the shell encompasses a volume, such that the volume comprises a cell comprising a combination of a lighter than air gas bag within a hot air section, such that the volume of the hot air section in each cell is independently controlled, wherein the bi-convex shape comprises: an upper arc having a first radius, a lower arc having a second radius, a width that differs from a height, and a perimeter, wherein the perimeter is a minimum value for an area of a cross section of the bi-convex shape and the width, and comprising a substantially planar structure configured to resist tension forces of the lower arc and the upper arc, such that the planar structure substantially aligns with a longitudinal axis and a lateral axis of the airship.
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