A valve unit and an apparatus having the same include a plug which includes a phase change material in a solid state at a room temperature and a plurality of fine heat-dissipating particles dispersed in the phase change material. The fine heat-dissipating particles dispersed in the phase change mate
A valve unit and an apparatus having the same include a plug which includes a phase change material in a solid state at a room temperature and a plurality of fine heat-dissipating particles dispersed in the phase change material. The fine heat-dissipating particles dispersed in the phase change material dissipate heat by absorbing an electromagnetic wave energy generated by electromagnetic wave radiation from the outside and block fluid flow in a path formed by a channel. As an external energy source irradiates an electromagnetic wave on the plug, the plurality of fine heat-dissipating particles dissipate heat and the phase change material becomes molten, thus opening the path to allow the fluid to flow.
대표청구항▼
1. A valve unit comprising: a substrate;a channel formed in the substrate defining a path through which a fluid flows;a plug formed in the channel to block the path of the fluid in the channel when the plug is in a solid state at a room temperature, the plug including a phase change material and a p
1. A valve unit comprising: a substrate;a channel formed in the substrate defining a path through which a fluid flows;a plug formed in the channel to block the path of the fluid in the channel when the plug is in a solid state at a room temperature, the plug including a phase change material and a plurality of heat-dissipating particles dispersed in the phase change material;wherein, when the plug is irradiated with electromagnetic energy, the plurality of fine heat-dissipating particles dissipate heat and the phase change material become molten opening the path to allow the fluid to flow. 2. The valve unit of claim 1, further comprising an energy source which irradiates an electromagnetic wave on the plug. 3. The valve unit of claim 1, further comprising a phase change material chamber disposed in a position where a flow of the fluid is not disturbed and in which the molten phase change material and the heat-dissipating particles mixed therein are accommodated. 4. The valve unit of claim 3, wherein the phase change material chamber is formed in the channel and has a more extended width than a width of the channel. 5. The valve unit of claim 2, further comprising a light-path changing unit which changes a light-path of the electromagnetic wave to direct the electromagnetic wave irradiated by the energy source toward the plug. 6. The valve unit of claim 5, wherein the light-path changing unit comprises at least one mirror. 7. The valve unit of claim 2, wherein the energy source includes a laser light source irradiating a laser beam on the plug. 8. The valve unit of claim 7, wherein the laser light source includes a laser diode. 9. The valve unit of claim 7, wherein the laser beam irradiated by the laser light source is a pulse electromagnetic wave having an energy of at least mJ/pulse. 10. The valve unit of claim 7, wherein the laser irradiated by the laser light source is a continuous electromagnetic wave having an output of at least 10 mW. 11. The valve unit of claim 7, wherein the laser beam irradiated by the laser light source has a wavelength of about 750 nm to about 1300 nm. 12. The valve unit of claim 1, wherein the heat-dissipating particles have a diameter of about 1 nm to about 100 μm. 13. The valve unit of claim 1, wherein the fine heat-dissipating particles are dispersed in a hydrophobic carrier oil. 14. The valve unit of claim 1, wherein the fine heat-dissipating particles include a ferromagnetic material or metallic oxide. 15. The valve unit of claim 14, wherein the metallic oxide includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, TiO2, Ta2O3, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and HfO2. 16. The valve unit of claim 1, wherein the heat-dissipating particles have at least one grain shape selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a quantum dot and a magnetic bead. 17. The valve unit of claim 16, wherein the magnetic bead includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Cr and an oxide thereof. 18. The valve unit of claim 1, wherein the phase change material is at least one selected from the group consisting of wax, gel, and thermo-plastic resin. 19. The valve unit of claim 18, wherein the wax is at least one selected from the group consisting of a paraffin wax, a microcrystalline wax, a synthetic wax and a natural wax. 20. The valve unit of claim 18, wherein the gel is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyacrylamide, a polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, and a polyvinylamide. 21. The valve unit of claim 18, wherein the thermoplastic resin is at least one selected from the group consisting of a cycloolefin copolymer (COC), a polymethylmethacrylate (acrylic) (PMMA), a polycarbonate (PC), a polystyrene (PS), a polyoxymethylene (acetal) (POM), a perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), a polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate (PVC), a polypropylene (PP), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a polyamide (PA), a polysulfone (PSU) and a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). 22. An apparatus having a valve unit, the apparatus comprising: a substrate having a reaction chamber in which a biochemical reaction of a biochemical fluid is performed;a channel formed in the substrate defining a path for the fluid; anda valve unit formed in the channel,wherein the valve unit comprises:a plug which is formed in the channel to close the path of a fluid in the channel when the plug is in a solid state at a room temperature, the plug including a phase change material and a plurality of heat-dissipating particles dispersed in the phase change material;wherein, when the plug is irradiated with electromagnetic energy, the plurality of fine heat-dissipating particles dissipate heat and the phase change material become molten opening the path to allow the fluid to flow. 23. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising an energy source which irradiates an electromagnetic wave on the plug. 24. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the valve unit further comprises a phase change material chamber disposed in a position where a flow of the fluid is not disturbed and in which the molten phase change material and the heat-dissipating particles mixed therein are accommodated. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the phase change material chamber is formed in the channel and has a more extended width than a width of the channel. 26. The apparatus of claim 23, further comprising a light-path changing unit which changes a light-path of the electromagnetic wave to direct the electromagnetic wave irradiated by the energy source toward the plug. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the light-path changing unit comprises at least one mirror. 28. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the energy source includes a laser light source irradiating a laser beam on the plug. 29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the laser light source comprises a laser diode. 30. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the laser beam irradiated by the laser light source is a pulse electromagnetic wave having an energy of at least 1 mJ/pulse. 31. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the laser beam irradiated by the laser light source is a continuous wave electromagnetic wave having an output of at least 10 mW. 32. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the laser irradiated by the laser light source has a wavelength of about 750 nm to about 1300 nm. 33. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the heat-dissipating particles have a diameter of about 1 nm to about 100 μm. 34. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the fine heat-dissipating particles are dispersed in a hydrophobic carrier oil. 35. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the fine heat-dissipating particles include a ferromagnetic material or metallic oxide. 36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein the metallic oxide includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, TiO2, Ta2O3, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and HfO2. 37. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the heat-dissipating particles have at least one grain shape selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a quantum dot and a magnetic bead. 38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the magnetic bead includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Cr and an oxide thereof. 39. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the phase change material is at least one selected from the group consisting of a wax, a gel and a thermo-plastic resin. 40. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the wax is at least one selected from the group consisting of a paraffin wax, a microcrystalline wax, a synthetic wax and a natural wax. 41. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the gel is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyacrylamide, a polyacrylate, a polymethacrylate, and a polyvinylamide. 42. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the thermoplastic resin is at least one selected from the group consisting of a cycloolefin copolymer (COC), a polymethylmethacrylate (acrylic) (PMMA), a polycarbonate (PC), a polystyrene (PS), a polyoxymethylene (acetal) (POM), a perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), a polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate (PVC), a polypropylene (PP), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a polyamide (PA), a polysulfone (PSU) and a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). 43. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the substrate has a disc shape, the channel extends in a radial direction of the substrate and the biochemical fluid is pumped in a radially outwardly direction of the substrate by a centrifugal force generated by rotation of the substrate. 44. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein a plurality of channels, each having a reaction chamber, are provided on the substrate. 45. A valve unit comprising: a plug which blocks a path of a fluid formed by a channel, the plug including a phase change material in a solid state at a room temperature and a plurality of heat-dissipating particles dispersed in a hydrophobic carrier oil which is mixed with the phase change material; andan energy source which irradiates an electromagnetic wave on the plug,wherein, when electromagnetic energy is irradiated on the plug, the phase change material absorbs the electromagnetic energy and becomes molten opening the path to allow the fluid to flow, andwherein the heat-dissipating particles include a ferromagnetic material or metallic oxide. 46. An apparatus having a valve unit, the apparatus comprising: a channel forming a path for a biochemical fluid;a substrate having a reaction chamber in which a biochemical reaction of the biochemical fluid is performed; anda valve unit blocking the path and opening the path at a predetermined time,wherein the valve unit comprises:a plug which blocks a path of a fluid formed by a channel, the plug including a phase change material in a solid state at a room temperature and a plurality of heat-dissipating particles dispersed in a hydrophobic carrier oil which is mixed with the phase change material; andan energy source which irradiates an electromagnetic wave on the plug,wherein, when electromagnetic energy is irradiated on the plug, the phase change material absorbs the electromagnetic energy and becomes molten opening the path to allow the fluid to flow,wherein the heat-dissipating particles include a ferromagnetic material or metallic oxide. 47. A valve unit comprising: a plug which is disposed proximate to a fluid flow channel, the plug including a phase change material in a solid state at a room temperature and a plurality of heat-dissipating particles dispersed in a hydrophobic carrier oil which is mixed with the phase change material;wherein, when electromagnetic energy is irradiated on the plug, the phase change material absorbs the electromagnetic wave energy from the electromagnetic wave, becomes molten, and flows into the channel to obstruct fluid flow, andwherein the heat-dissipating particles include a ferromagnetic material or metallic oxide. 48. A valve unit comprising: a substrate;a channel formed in the substrate through; anda plug disposed opposite the channel, the plug including a phase change material and a plurality of heat-dissipating particles dispersed in a hydrophobic carrier oil which is mixed with the phase change material;wherein when electromagnetic energy is irradiated on the plug, the plurality of heat-dissipating particles dissipate heat and the phase change material become molten, the plug expands into the channel thereby obstructing it, andwherein the heat-dissipating particles include a ferromagnetic material or metallic oxide. 49. An apparatus having a valve unit, the apparatus comprising: a channel forming a path for a biochemical fluid;a substrate having a reaction chamber in which a biochemical reaction of the biochemical fluid is performed; anda valve unit blocking the path and opening the path at a predetermined time,wherein the valve unit comprises:a plug which is disposed opposite the channel, the plug including a phase change material in a solid state at a room temperature and a plurality of heat-dissipating particles dispersed in a hydrophobic carrier oil which is mixed with the phase change material; andwherein, when electromagnetic energy is irradiated on the plug, the phase change material absorbs the electromagnetic energy and becomes molten obstructing the path to reduce a fluid flow therethrough, andwherein the heat-dissipating particles include a ferromagnetic material or metallic oxide.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (7)
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