초록

A neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate) copolymer is employed as a carrier in the manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations containing an active ingredient. The formulations are preferably made by melt extrusion, and can have rubbery characteristics and can exhibit tamper resistance.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A unit dose of a controlled release pharmaceutical formulation, wherein said formulation comprises a plurality of melt extruded multiparticulates comprising a rubbery matrix, wherein the multiparticulates are extrudates formed by melt extrusion of a dry mix including a neutral poly(ethyl acrylate

1. A unit dose of a controlled release pharmaceutical formulation, wherein said formulation comprises a plurality of melt extruded multiparticulates comprising a rubbery matrix, wherein the multiparticulates are extrudates formed by melt extrusion of a dry mix including a neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate) copolymer and an active agent, and wherein the rubbery matrix includes the neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate) copolymer and the active agent. 2. The unit dose of claim 1, wherein said active agent is selected from the group consisting of an opioid, a stimulant, a barbiturate, an anti-depressant, a dissociative anaesthetic, and any two or more of the foregoing. 3. The unit dose of claim 2, wherein said active agent is oxycodone, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 4. The unit dose of claim 1, wherein said matrix includes at least one other polymer to modify release. 5. The unit dose of claim 4, wherein said other polymer is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl cellulose and a water insoluble ammonium methacrylate copolymer. 6. The unit dose of claim 5, wherein said other polymer is ethyl cellulose. 7. The unit dose of claim 6, wherein said amount of ethyl cellulose is 10 to 50% by weight of the formulation. 8. The unit dose of claim 1, which comprises the following amounts of ingredients, based on the total weight of the specified ingredients: water-insoluble neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl15 to 50methacrylate) copolymeractive agent5 to 55another polymer to modify release5 to 75a plasticiser0 to 25a lubricant0 to 25 9. The unit dose of claim 1, which comprises up to 60% w/w of said active agent, 15 to 50% w/w of neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate) copolymer; 5 to 60% w/w of ethyl cellulose; and 7.5 to 20% of plasticiser. 10. The unit dose of claim 9, which further contains 5 to 60% of an insoluble ammonium methacrylate copolymer. 11. The unit dose of claim 10, which contains 35 to 50% of an insoluble ammonium methacrylate copolymer which is of low permeability and/or 5 to 30% of an ammonium methacrylate copolymer which is highly permeable. 12. The unit dose of claim 1, which contains a bulking agent. 13. The unit dose of claim 1, which contains an opioid and an opioid antagonist. 14. The unit dose of claim 13, which comprises 120 to 300 mg of oxycodone multiparticulates and 125 to 175 mg of oxycodone antagonist multiparticulates. 15. The unit dose of claim 1, which contains oxycodone and naltrexone. 16. The unit dose of claim 1, which contains oxycodone in an amount selected from the group consisting of 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg, 120 mg and 160 mg of oxycodone. 17. The unit dose of claim 1, suited for once a day dosing. 18. The unit dose of claim 17, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured by the USP Basket Method at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer at a pH between 1.6 and 7.2 at 37° C. of from 0% to about 40% at 1 hour, from about 8% to about 70% at 4 hours, from about 20% to about 80% at 8 hours, from about 30% to about 95% at 12 hours, from about 35% to about 95% at 18 hours, and greater than about 50% at 24 hours. 19. The unit dose of claim 18, wherein the peak plasma level of oxycodone obtained in vivo occurs at 2 hours to 17 hours after administration of the unit dose. 20. The unit dose of claim 17, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured using the USP Basket Method > Apparatus 1 at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer at pH 1.2 (simulated gastric fluid without enzyme) at 37° C. with detection by HPLC with UV at 206 nm wavelength; of from 10 to 30% at 1 hour; from 20 to 35% at 2 hours; from 35 to 75%, at 8 hours; and greater than 50% at 16 hours. 21. The unit dose of claim 1, suited for twice a day dosing. 22. The unit dose of claim 21, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured by the USP Paddle Method of the U.S. Pharmacopoeia XXII (1990) at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer (pH between 1.6 and 7.2) at 37° C. of between 12.5 and 42.5% (by wt) oxycodone released after 1 hour, between 25 and 56% (by wt) oxycodone released after 2 hours, between 45 and 75% (by wt) oxycodone released after 4 hours and between 55 and 85% (by wt) oxycodone released after 6 hours. 23. The unit dose of claim 21, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured using the USP Basket Method > Apparatus 1 at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer at pH 1.2 (simulated gastric fluid without enzyme) at 37° C. with detection by HPLC with UV at 206 nm wavelength; of from 0 to 40% at 1 hour; from 20 to 70%, at 2 hours; from 40 to 80%, at 3 hours; from 60 to 95%, at 4 hours; and greater than 70% at 5 hours. 24. The unit dose of claim 23, wherein the peak plasma level of oxycodone obtained in vivo occurs between 2 and 4.5 hours after administration of the unit dose. 25. The unit dose of claim 1, which shows at least one of the following characteristics (a) to (e) when tested by a test method comprising admixing a dosage amount of multiparticulates with 10 ml of the liquid in a glass flask and shaking at 500 to 600 oscillations per minute for 15 minutes using a Stuart Scientific Shaker Model SF1: a. 15 minutes shaking in water at room temperature: less than 7.5% release of active agent;b. 5 minutes standing in water at 50° C. followed by 15 minutes shaking at the same temperature: less than 15% release of active agent;c. 5 minutes standing in water at 75° C. followed by 15 minutes shaking at the same temperature: less than 20% release of active agent;d. 5 minutes standing in water at 100° C. followed by 15 minutes shaking at the same temperature: less than 25% release of active agent;e. 15 minutes shaking in 40% ethanol at room temperature: less than 25% release of active agent. 26. A plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates comprising a rubbery matrix, wherein the multiparticulates are extrudates formed by melt extrusion of a dry mix including a neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate) copolymer and an active agent, and wherein the rubbery matrix includes the neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate) copolymer and the active agent. 27. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, wherein said active agent is selected from the group consisting of an opioid, a stimulant, a barbiturate, an anti-depressant, a dissociative anaesthetic, and any two or more of the foregoing. 28. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 27, wherein said active agent is oxycodone, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 29. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, wherein said matrix includes at least one other polymer to modify release. 30. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 29, wherein said other polymer is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl cellulose and a water insoluble ammonium methacrylate copolymer. 31. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 30, wherein said other polymer is ethyl cellulose. 32. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 31, wherein said amount of ethyl cellulose is 10 to 50% by weight of the multiparticulates. 33. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, which comprises the following amounts of ingredients, based on the total weight of the specified ingredients: water-insoluble neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl15 to 50methacrylate) copolymeractive agent5 to 55another polymer to modify release5 to 75a plasticiser0 to 25a lubricant0 to 25 34. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, which comprises up to 60% w/w of said active agent, 15 to 50% w/w of neutral poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate) copolymer, 5 to 60% w/w of ethyl cellulose; and 7.5 to 20% of plasticiser. 35. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 34, which further contains 5 to 60% of an insoluble ammonium methacrylate copolymer. 36. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 35, which contains 35 to 50% of an insoluble ammonium methacrylate copolymer which is of low permeability and/or 5 to 30% of an ammonium methacrylate copolymer which is highly permeable. 37. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, which contains a bulking agent. 38. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, which contains an opioid and an opioid antagonist. 39. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 38, which comprises 120 to 300 mg of oxycodone multiparticulates and 125 to 175 mg of oxycodone antagonist multiparticulates. 40. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, which contains oxycodone and naltrexone. 41. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, which contains oxycodone in an amount selected from the group consisting of 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg, 120 mg and 160 mg of oxycodone. 42. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, suited for once a day dosing. 43. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 42, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured by the USP Basket Method at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer at a pH between 1.6 and 7.2 at 37° C. of from 0% to about 40% at 1 hour, from about 8% to about 70% at 4 hours, from about 20% to about 80% at 8 hours, from about 30% to about 95% at 12 hours, from about 35% to about 95% at 18 hours, and greater than about 50% at 24 hours. 44. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 43, wherein the peak plasma level of oxycodone obtained in vivo occurs at 2 hours to 17 hours after administration of the multiparticulates. 45. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 42, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured using the USP Basket Method > Apparatus 1 at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer at pH 1.2 (simulated gastric fluid without enzyme) at 37° C. with detection by HPLC with UV at 206 nm wavelength; of from 10 to 30% at 1 hour; from 20 to 35% at 2 hours; from 35 to 75%, at 8 hours; and greater than 50% at 16 hours. 46. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, suited for twice a day dosing. 47. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 46, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured by the USP Paddle Method of the U.S. Pharmacopoeia XXII (1990) at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer (pH between 1.6 and 7.2) at 37° C. of between 12.5 and 42.5% (by wt) oxycodone released after 1 hour, between 25 and 56% (by wt) oxycodone released after 2 hours, between 45 and 75% (by wt) oxycodone released after 4 hours and between 55 and 85% (by wt) oxycodone released after 6 hours. 48. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 46, wherein the active ingredient is oxycodone, and which has an oxycodone dissolution rate in vitro, when measured using the USP Basket Method > Apparatus 1 at 100 rpm in 900 ml aqueous buffer at pH 1.2 (simulated gastric fluid without enzyme) at 37° C. with detection by HPLC with UV at 206 nm wavelength; of from 0 to 40% at 1 hour; from 20 to 70%, at 2 hours; from 40 to 80%, at 3 hours; from 60 to 95%, at 4 hours; and greater than 70% at 5 hours. 49. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 48, wherein the peak plasma level of oxycodone obtained in vivo occurs between 2 and 4.5 hours after administration of the multiparticulates. 50. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, which shows at least one of the following characteristics (a) to (e) when tested by a test method comprising admixing a dosage amount of the multiparticulates with 10 ml of the liquid in a glass flask and shaking at 500 to 600 oscillations per minute for 15 minutes using a Stuart Scientific Shaker Model SF1: a. 15 minutes shaking in water at room temperature: less than 7.5% release of active agent;b. 5 minutes standing in water at 50° C. followed by 15 minutes shaking at the same temperature: less than 15% release of active agent;c. 5 minutes standing in water at 75° C. followed by 15 minutes shaking at the same temperature: less than 20% release of active agent;d. 5 minutes standing in water at 100° C. followed by 15 minutes shaking at the same temperature: less than 25% release of active agent;e. 15 minutes shaking in 40% ethanol at room temperature: less than 25% release of active agent. 51. The unit dose of claim 1, further comprising a plasticiser in an amount of 3% to 14%. 52. The unit dose of claim 51, wherein the plasticizer is present in an amount of 3% to 10%. 53. The unit dose of claim 51, wherein the plasticiser is stearyl alcohol. 54. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 26, further comprising a plasticiser in an amount of 3% to 14%. 55. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 54, wherein the plasticiser is present in an amount of 3% to 10%. 56. The plurality of controlled release melt extruded multiparticulates of claim 54, wherein the plasticiser is stearyl alcohol.