This invention discloses an improved process which employs mixed alpha-olefins as feed over activated metallocene catalyst systems to provide essentially random liquid polymers particularly useful in lubricant components or as functional fluids.
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1. A process comprising contacting: (a) an activated bridged racemic metallocene compound of Formula 1: wherein M is selected from Zr, Hf, Ti; each X is independently selected from the group consisting of halide and hydrogen, branched or unbranched C1 to C20 hydrocarbyls, L1 and L2 are independently
1. A process comprising contacting: (a) an activated bridged racemic metallocene compound of Formula 1: wherein M is selected from Zr, Hf, Ti; each X is independently selected from the group consisting of halide and hydrogen, branched or unbranched C1 to C20 hydrocarbyls, L1 and L2 are independently selected from cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, tetrahydroindenyl, and their alkyl substituted analogs, and A is selected from R1R2Si, R1R2C, (R1R2C)2, (R1R2Si)2; wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen, branched or unbranched C1 to C20 hydrocarbyl radicals, phenyl, and substituted phenyl;(b) a non-coordinating anion activator;(c) a co-activator; and(d) a monomer feed comprising at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers selected from C4 to C24 linear alpha-olefins having an average carbon number of from 5 to less than 12 and under conditions suitable to produce an isotactic polyalpha-olefin comprising the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers, with the proviso that any one of ethylene and propylene, if present in the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers, is present in the amount of less than 5 wt % individually or combined based on the total weight of alpha-olefin monomers;wherein the isotactic polyalpha-olefin has: (1) a randomness factor between 0.7 and 1.4 as determined by mass spectrometry;(2) a molecular weight distribution Mw/Mn of 1 to 4 as measured by GPC using polystyrene as a calibration standard;(3) a pour point less than 0° C. as measured by ASTM D 97;(4) a kinematic viscosity KV at 100° C. of 3 to 1000 cSt as measured by ASTM D 445; and(5) a VI from 100 to 300 as determined according to ASTM D2270-93 (1998). 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the isotactic polyalpha-olefin has an average branch length of 5 to 9. 3. The process of claim 1, wherein no single linear alpha-olefin is present in an amount of greater than 60 wt %. 4. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers comprise from 5 wt % to 85 wt % C4 to C8 alpha-olefins, based on the total weight of the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers. 5. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers comprise C4-C8 linear alpha-olefins and C12-C24 linear alpha-olefins. 6. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers comprise at least two different alpha-olefins selected from C6 to C18 alpha-olefins. 7. The process of claim 1, wherein the isotactic polyalpha-olefin incorporates each alpha-olefin monomer within at least 20 wt % of the distribution of the alpha-olefin monomer. 8. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers comprise from 5 wt % to 85 wt % C4 to C8 alpha-olefins, 15 wt % to 95 wt % C12-C18 alpha-olefins, and less than 80 wt % C8-C10 alpha-olefins, based on the total weight of the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers. 9. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers are selected from the group consisting of 1-butene, 1-hexene, and at least one alpha-olefin selected from C12-C18 alpha-olefins; wherein the combined amount of 1-decene and 1-octene is less than 40 wt %. 10. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers comprise less than 10 wt % 1-decene. 11. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers comprise from 60 wt % to 75 wt % of alpha-olefins selected from 1-hexene and 1-octene and mixtures thereof, and 25 wt % to 40 wt % of alpha-olefins selected from 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene and mixture thereof, based on the total weight of the at least two different linear alpha-olefin monomers; wherein the polyalpha-olefin has a viscosity index from 140 to 375, a KV at 100° C. from 10 to 1000 cSt, and a pour point of less than −10° C. 12. The process of claim 1, wherein the process is a continuous solution or bulk phase process. 13. The process of claim 1, wherein the contacting is in the absence of H2 gas. 14. The process of claim 1 further comprising: treating the isotactic polyalpha-olefin to reduce a heteroatom catalyst component to less than 600 ppm; andcontacting the isotactic polyalpha-olefin with hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst to produce a polyalpha-olefin having a bromine number less than 1.8. 15. The process of claim 1, wherein the isotactic polyalpha-olefin has at least two types of branches with an average branch length ranging from 4 to 10. 16. The process of claim 1, wherein the isotactic polyalpha-olefin has a KV at 100° C. from 8 to 500 cSt. 17. The process of claim 1 further comprising: blending the isotactic polyalpha-olefin with a base stock selected from the group consisting of API Groups I, II, III, IV or V, a Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon derived base stock, a GTL base stock, or mixtures thereof, wherein blending the isotactic polyalpha-olefin to form a blend and the blend comprises from 20 to 80 wt % of the isotactic polyalpha-olefin.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (81)
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