Apparatus and method for cooling a super conducting machine
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
G01R-033/035
H01L-039/02
F25B-039/00
B63H-021/38
F28D-015/02
F28D-015/06
H02K-055/04
F25D-019/00
출원번호
US-0822128
(2011-09-19)
등록번호
US-8948828
(2015-02-03)
우선권정보
DE-10 2010 041 194 (2010-09-22)
국제출원번호
PCT/EP2011/066167
(2011-09-19)
§371/§102 date
20130311
(20130311)
국제공개번호
WO2012/038357
(2012-03-29)
발명자
/ 주소
Frank, Michael
Van Hasselt, Peter
출원인 / 주소
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
대리인 / 주소
Harness, Dickey & Pierce, P.L.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
5
초록▼
An apparatus and a method for cooling a super conducting machine are disclosed, in which at least two condenser areas each make thermal contact with a cold head, and in which the at least two condenser areas each have a connecting line, via which the at least two condenser areas are connected fluidi
An apparatus and a method for cooling a super conducting machine are disclosed, in which at least two condenser areas each make thermal contact with a cold head, and in which the at least two condenser areas each have a connecting line, via which the at least two condenser areas are connected fluidically to an evaporator area. A liquid cooling fluid can be moved or pumped from at least one condenser area into the evaporator area by way of a temperature difference, and a pressure difference associated therewith, in the at least two condenser areas.
대표청구항▼
1. An apparatus for cooling a superconducting machine comprising: at least two condenser chambers, each of the at least two condenser chambers making thermal contact with a cold head and each of the at least two condenser chambers including a connecting line, via which the at least two condenser cha
1. An apparatus for cooling a superconducting machine comprising: at least two condenser chambers, each of the at least two condenser chambers making thermal contact with a cold head and each of the at least two condenser chambers including a connecting line, via which the at least two condenser chambers are connected fluidically to an evaporator chamber, the at least two condenser chambers being designed such that a liquid cooling fluid is movable, against the force of gravity, from at least one of the at least two condenser chambers into the evaporator chamber as a result of a pressure difference between a first pressure in a first of the at least two condenser chambers and a second pressure in a second of the at least two condenser chambers, each of the respective first and second pressures being determined by a respective temperature in a respective one of the at least two condenser chambers. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least two condenser chambers include at least three condenser chambers, each of the at least three condenser chambers including a cold head and wherein a temperature is settable in the respective at least three condenser chambers in a regulated or controlled way, via the respectively assigned cold heads, independently of one another. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a closed cooling circuit is formed via the at least two condenser chambers condenser chambers, the connecting pipes and the evaporator chamber, and/or a cooling circuit, which includes filling devices and at least one storage reservoir. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is filled with a cooling fluid, which comprises a homogeneous fluid or which comprises a mixture of liquid coolants with different condensation temperatures. 5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the superconducting machine is a motor or a generator. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the superconducting machine is a motor or a generator with a rotor including at least one superconducting winding and wherein the condenser chambers and the respective cold heads are arranged in a stationary position outside the rotor and the evaporator chamber is rotatably arranged inside the rotor, as a cavity along the rotation axis of the rotor, the cavity being of cylindrical design. 7. A method for cooling a superconducting machine, comprising: at least one of increasing a temperature in a first condenser chamber, thermally connected to a first cold head, wherein cooling fluid is evaporated,expanding gas in the condenser chamber andincreasing pressure in the condenser chamber, wherein liquid cooling fluid is moved in a first connecting pipe between the first condenser chamber and an evaporator chamber into the evaporator chamber by the at least one of temperature increase, evaporation and gas expansion; andconstantly maintaining or lowering a temperature, simultaneously, in at least one second condenser chamber, thermally connected to a second cold head, as a result of which gaseous cooling fluid is moved from the evaporator chamber into the at least one second condenser chamber as a result of at least one of the temperature increase in the first condenser chamber and the lowering of the temperature in the at least one second condenser chamber. 8. A method for cooling a superconducting machine, comprising: maintaining a constant temperature in a first condenser chamber, thermally connected to a first cold head and fluidically connected to an evaporator chamber via a first connecting pipe, andsimultaneously lowering a temperature in at least one second condenser chamber, thermally connected to a second cold head, whereby gaseous cooling fluid is moved from the evaporator chamber into the at least one second condenser chamber via a second connecting pipe between the evaporator chamber and the at least one second condenser chamber, as a result of at least one of the temperature reduction, a condensation of cooling fluid and a compression of gas in the second condenser chamber; andmoving, as a result of the maintaining of the constant temperature in the first condenser chamber and the simultaneously lowering of the temperature in the at least one second condenser chamber, liquid cooling fluid into the evaporator chamber in the first connecting pipe between the first condenser chamber and the evaporator chamber as a result of at least one of the temperature reduction, the condensation of cooling fluid and the compression of gas in the at least second condenser chamber. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein a temperature is constantly maintained or lowered simultaneously at least in one third condenser chamber, which is thermally connected to the third cold head. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein, in at least one of the condenser chambers, in which the temperature was increased, the temperature is lowered or kept at a constant level, and wherein, in the at least one second condenser chamber, in which the temperature was maintained at a constant level or was lowered, the temperature is increased or maintained at a constant level. 11. A method for cooling a superconducting machine comprising: simultaneously increasing a temperature in a first condenser chamber, thermally connected to a first cold head, and in at least one second condenser chamber, thermally connected to a second cold head, wherein at least one of the temperature and temperature increase in the first condenser chamber is relatively greater than in the second condenser chamber, as a result of which, the first condenser chamber, at least one of relatively more cooling fluid is evaporated than in the second condenser chamber, gas is relatively more expanded and a pressure difference is created or relatively increased between a pressure in the first and second condenser chamber; andmoving, as a result of the simultaneously increasing of the temperature in the first condenser chamber and at least one second condenser chamber, liquid cooling fluid in a first connecting pipe between the first condenser chamber and an evaporator chamber, and moving gaseous cooling fluid from the evaporator chamber into the second condenser chamber via a second connecting pipe. 12. A method for cooling a superconducting machine, comprising: simultaneously lowering a temperature in a first condenser chamber, thermally connected to a first cold head, and in at least one second condenser chamber, thermally connected to a second cold head, wherein the temperature in the first condenser chamber is relatively lower than in the second condenser chamber and/or a temperature reduction in the first condenser chamber is relatively greater than in the second condenser chamber, as a result of which relatively more cooling fluid is condensed in the first condenser chamber than in the second condenser chamber, and/or gas is relatively more compressed and/or a pressure difference is created or relatively increased between the pressure in the first and second condenser chamber; andmoving, as a result of the simultaneously lowering of the temperature in the first condenser chamber and at least one second condenser chamber, liquid cooling fluid in a connecting pipe between the second condenser chamber and an evaporator chamber, and moving gaseous cooling fluid from the evaporator chamber into the first condenser chamber via another connecting pipe. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein a temperature is increased, maintained or lowered simultaneously at least in one third condenser chamber, thermally connected to the third cold head. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein, directly or indirectly subsequent thereto, the temperature is reduced in condenser chambers in which the temperature was increased. 15. The method of claim 7, wherein the method is carried out as a continuous or pulsed process of pumping liquid cooling fluid into the evaporator chamber. 16. The method of claim 7, wherein a temperature reduction is effected by cooling with the help of at least one cold head and/or a temperature increase is effected with the help of at least one cold head by heating with the help of a heating device. 17. The method of claim 7, wherein a movement of cooling fluid is regulated or controlled only via differences in pressure and/or temperature in the condenser chambers and the evaporator chamber. 18. The method of claim 7, wherein, in the evaporator chamber, the cooling fluid can pass from a liquid into a gaseous state, and cools a rotating superconducting device, wherein the superconducting winding comprises HTS material and/or wherein the evaporator chamber is rotatably arranged inside the rotor. 19. The method of claim 7, wherein the at least two cold heads and the at least two condenser chambers and the at least two connecting pipes are arranged in a stationary position. 20. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the homogeneous fluid is liquid nitrogen, liquid neon or liquid helium. 21. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the superconducting machine is a motor or a generator with a rotor including at least one superconducting winding, wherein the rotor is rotatably arranged around an axis. 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the at least one superconducting winding comprises HTS material. 23. The method of claim 7, wherein the constantly maintaining or lowering of the temperature in at least one second condenser chamber is done to a relatively lower temperature than in the first condenser chamber, and wherein the gaseous cooling fluid is moved from the evaporator chamber into the second condenser chamber via a second connecting pipe. 24. The method of claim 8, wherein a temperature is constantly maintained or lowered simultaneously at least in one third condenser chamber, which is thermally connected to the third cold head. 25. The method of claim 8, wherein, in at least one of the condenser chambers, in which the temperature was maintained at a constant level, the temperature is lowered or kept at a constant level, and wherein, in the at least one second condenser chamber, in which the temperature was lowered, the temperature is increased or maintained at a constant level. 26. The method of claim 12, wherein a temperature is increased, maintained or lowered simultaneously at least in one third condenser chamber, thermally connected to the third cold head. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein, directly or indirectly subsequent thereto, the temperature is reduced in the condenser chambers in which the temperature was increased. 28. The method of claim 8, wherein the method is carried out as a continuous or pulsed process of pumping liquid cooling fluid into the evaporator chamber. 29. The method of claim 8, wherein a temperature reduction is effected by cooling with the help of at least one cold head and/or a temperature increase is effected with the help of at least one cold head by heating with the help of a heating device. 30. The method of claim 8, wherein a movement of cooling fluid is regulated or controlled only via differences in pressure and/or temperature in the condenser chambers and the evaporator chamber. 31. The method of claim 11, wherein the method is carried out as a continuous or pulsed process of pumping liquid cooling fluid into the evaporator chamber. 32. The method of claim 11, wherein a temperature reduction is effected by cooling with the help of at least one cold head and/or a temperature increase is effected with the help of at least one cold head by heating with the help of a heating device. 33. The method of claim 11, wherein a movement of cooling fluid is regulated or controlled only via differences in pressure and/or temperature in the condenser chambers and the evaporator chamber. 34. The method of claim 12, wherein the method is carried out as a continuous or pulsed process of pumping liquid cooling fluid into the evaporator chamber. 35. The method of claim 12, wherein a temperature reduction is effected by cooling with the help of at least one cold head and/or a temperature increase is effected with the help of at least one cold head by heating with the help of a heating device. 36. The method of claim 12, wherein a movement of cooling fluid is regulated or controlled only via differences in pressure and/or temperature in the condenser chambers and the evaporator chamber.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (5)
Phillips Richard J. (Alachua FL) Larson Ralph I. (Bolton MA), Computer cooling system operable under the force of gravity in first orientation and against the force of gravity in sec.
Frank,Michael; Nick,Wolfgang; van Hasselt,Peter, Superconducting device with a cold head of a refrigeration unit with a thermosyphon effect thermally coupled to a rotating superconducting winding.
Dante Patrick Bonaquist ; John Fredric Billingham ; Jalal Zia ; Nancy Jean Lynch ; Bayram Arman, Thermo-siphon method for providing refrigeration to a refrigeration load.
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