System and method for high efficiency power generation using a carbon dioxide circulating working fluid
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F02C-001/00
F02C-007/08
F02C-003/20
F01K-013/00
F01K-025/10
F02C-003/22
F02C-003/34
F22B-035/12
F23L-007/00
F23M-005/00
F23M-005/08
F25J-003/04
F01K-023/10
F02C-007/00
출원번호
US-0068786
(2013-11-04)
등록번호
US-8959887
(2015-02-24)
발명자
/ 주소
Allam, Rodney John
Brown, Jr., Glenn William
Palmer, Miles R.
출원인 / 주소
Palmer Labs, LLC
대리인 / 주소
Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
6인용 특허 :
123
초록▼
The present invention provides methods and system for power generation using a high efficiency combustor in combination with a CO2 circulating fluid. The methods and systems advantageously can make use of a low pressure ratio power turbine and an economizer heat exchanger in specific embodiments. Ad
The present invention provides methods and system for power generation using a high efficiency combustor in combination with a CO2 circulating fluid. The methods and systems advantageously can make use of a low pressure ratio power turbine and an economizer heat exchanger in specific embodiments. Additional low grade heat from an external source can be used to provide part of an amount of heat needed for heating the recycle CO2 circulating fluid. Fuel derived CO2 can be captured and delivered at pipeline pressure. Other impurities can be captured.
대표청구항▼
1. A power generation system comprising: a combustor configured for receiving a fuel, O2, and a CO2 circulating fluid stream, and having at least one combustion stage that combusts the fuel in the presence of the CO2 circulating fluid and provides a combustion product stream comprising CO2 at a pres
1. A power generation system comprising: a combustor configured for receiving a fuel, O2, and a CO2 circulating fluid stream, and having at least one combustion stage that combusts the fuel in the presence of the CO2 circulating fluid and provides a combustion product stream comprising CO2 at a pressure of at least about 8 MPa and a temperature of at least about 800° C.;a primary power production turbine in fluid communication with the combustor, the primary turbine having an inlet for receiving the combustion product stream and an outlet for release of a turbine discharge stream comprising CO2, the primary turbine being adapted to control pressure drop such that a ratio of pressures of the combustion product stream at the inlet compared to the turbine discharge stream at the outlet is less than about 12;a primary heat exchange unit in fluid communication with the primary turbine for receiving the turbine discharge stream and transferring heat therefrom to the CO2 circulating fluid stream;at least one compressor in fluid communication with the primary heat exchange unit for pressurizing the CO2 circulating fluid stream; andone or more heat transfer components in addition to the primary heat exchange unit, the one or more heat transfer components including a side heater that heats a side stream of the CO2 circulating fluid stream that is split from the CO2 circulating fluid stream in the primary heat exchange unit and then input back into the CO2 circulating fluid stream in the primary heat exchange unit upstream from the combustor, the one or more heat transfer components being configured to add heat from a source other than the turbine discharge stream. 2. The power generation system of claim 1, further comprising one or more separation devices positioned between the heat exchange unit and the at least one compressor for removal of one or more secondary components present in the CO2 circulating fluid in addition to the CO2. 3. The power generation system of claim 1, comprising a first compressor adapted to compress the CO2 circulating fluid stream to a first pressure. 4. The power generation system of claim 3, comprising a cooling device adapted to cool the CO2 circulating fluid stream exiting the first compressor to a temperature where its density is greater than about 200 kg/m3. 5. The power generation system of claim 4, comprising a second compressor adapted to compress the cooled CO2 circulating fluid stream to a second pressure required for input to the combustor. 6. The power generation system of claim 5, wherein the one or more heat transfer components is adapted to transfer heat to the CO2 circulating fluid upstream from the combustor and downstream from the second compressor. 7. The power generation system of claim 6, wherein the one or more heat transfer components are associated with an O2 production device. 8. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the combustor is a first combustor, and wherein the system comprises a second combustor located upstream from and in fluid communication with the first combustor. 9. The power generation system of claim 8, further comprising one or more filters or separation devices located between the second combustor and the first combustor. 10. The power generation system of claim 9, wherein the second combustor is a transpiration cooled combustor. 11. The power generation system of claim 8, further comprising a mixing device for forming a slurry of a particulate fuel material with a fluidizing medium. 12. The power generation system of claim 8, further comprising a milling device for particularizing a solid fuel. 13. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the primary heat exchange unit comprises at least two heat exchangers. 14. The power generation system of claim 13, wherein the primary heat exchange unit comprises a series of at least three heat exchangers. 15. The power generation system of claim 13, wherein the first heat exchanger in the series is adapted for receiving the primary turbine discharge stream and is formed of a high temperature alloy that withstands a temperature of at least about 700° C. 16. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the primary power production turbine comprises a series of at least two turbines. 17. The power generation system of claim 1, further comprising a secondary heat exchange unit located between and in fluid communication with the primary power production turbine and the primary heat exchange unit. 18. The power generation system of claim 17, further comprising a boiler in fluid communication with the secondary heat exchange unit via at least one steam stream. 19. The power generation system of claim 18, further comprising a secondary power production turbine having an inlet for receiving the at least one steam stream from the secondary heat exchange unit. 20. The power generation system of claim 1, wherein the combustor is a transpiration cooled combustor. 21. A power generation system comprising: a combustor adapted to combust a fuel with oxygen in the presence of a recycle CO2 stream and form a combustion product stream comprising CO2;a turbine in a working arrangement with an outlet of the combustor and adapted to expand the combustion product stream and form a turbine discharge stream;a recuperator heat exchanger in a working arrangement with an outlet of the turbine and adapted to transfer heat between the turbine discharge stream and the recycle CO2 stream;at least one compressor in a working arrangement with the recuperator heat exchanger and adapted to pressurize the recycle CO2 stream to a pressure required for input to the combustor; anda heat transfer element in a working arrangement with the recuperator heat exchanger and adapted to provide additional heat from a source other than the turbine discharge stream to a portion of the recycle CO2 stream that is split from the CO2 circulating fluid stream during passage through the recuperator heat exchanger and is input back into the CO2 circulating fluid stream in the recuperator heat exchanger. 22. The power generation system of claim 21, wherein the source of the additional heat is an air separation unit. 23. The power generation system of claim 21, wherein the source of the additional heat is a steam supply. 24. The power generation system of claim 21, wherein the source of the additional heat is a hot exhaust gas from a conventional open cycle gas turbine. 25. The power generation system of claim 21, wherein the recuperator heat exchanger comprises a series of at least three heat exchangers. 26. The power generation system of claim 21, further comprising a separation unit in a working arrangement with the recuperator heat exchanger and the at least one compressor and adapted to separate one or more impurities from the turbine discharge stream and output the recycle CO2 stream. 27. The power generation system of claim 21, comprising a first compressor and a second compressor, the second compressor being in a working arrangement with the recuperator heat exchanger and adapted to pressurize the recycle CO2 stream to a pressure required for input to the combustor. 28. The power generation system of claim 27, wherein the first compressor is adapted to compress the recycle CO2 stream to a pressure that is above the CO2 critical pressure. 29. The power generation system of claim 27, further comprising a cooling device in a working arrangement with an outlet of the first compressor and an inlet of the second compressor, the cooling device being adapted to cool the recycle CO2 stream to a temperature where its density is greater than about 200 kg/m3. 30. The power generation system of claim 21, wherein the heat transfer element is a side heater adapted to heat a side stream split from the recuperator heat exchanger.
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