IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0773998
(2013-02-22)
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등록번호 |
US-8979694
(2015-03-17)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Holmes, Alan G.
- Kim, Min-Joong
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출원인 / 주소 |
- GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
2 |
초록
▼
A hybrid vehicle has a powertrain that includes a transmission with a planetary gear set that has a first, a second, and a third member. An engine is connected for unitary rotation with the first member. A first final drive is operatively connectable with the carrier member and connected with the fi
A hybrid vehicle has a powertrain that includes a transmission with a planetary gear set that has a first, a second, and a third member. An engine is connected for unitary rotation with the first member. A first final drive is operatively connectable with the carrier member and connected with the first axle. A first motor-generator is connected for unitary rotation with the third member. A second motor-generator is operatively connected for proportional rotation with one of the axles. A first clutch is selectively engageable to connect any two of the members for unitary rotation with one another. The planetary gear set provides an underdrive ratio of speed of the second member to speed of the engine when the sun gear member is stationary.
대표청구항
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1. A hybrid vehicle having a first axle and a second axle and comprising: an engine;a first motor-generator;a second motor-generator electrically connected to the first motor-generator through a power inverter and an energy storage device; wherein the second motor-generator is connected for proporti
1. A hybrid vehicle having a first axle and a second axle and comprising: an engine;a first motor-generator;a second motor-generator electrically connected to the first motor-generator through a power inverter and an energy storage device; wherein the second motor-generator is connected for proportional rotation with one of the axles;a transmission that includes: a planetary gear set having a first member, a second member, and a third member, including a sun gear member, a ring gear member, and a carrier member that supports a plurality of pinion gears that mesh with the sun gear member and the ring gear member; wherein the engine is connected for unitary rotation with the first member of the planetary gear set; wherein the first motor-generator is connected for unitary rotation with the third member of the planetary gear set;a first final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the first final drive is operatively connectable to rotate in unison with the second member of the planetary gear set, and the second member of the first final drive is driven by the first member of the first final drive and is connected for unitary rotation with the first axle;a first clutch selectively engageable to connect any two of the members of the planetary gear set for unitary rotation with one another; the planetary gear set providing an underdrive ratio of speed of the second member of the planetary gear set to speed of the engine when the first motor-generator is stationary and the first clutch is not engaged; andthe hybrid vehicle having a first ratio of torque of the first axle to torque of the engine when the first clutch is not engaged, and the first motor-generator is powered to apply torque on the third member of the planetary gear set, and a second ratio of torque of the first axle to torque of the engine lower than the first ratio when the first clutch is engaged and neither of the first and the second motor-generators is powered, the hybrid vehicle being operable in a power-split operating mode when the first clutch is not engaged and in a parallel operating mode when the first clutch is engaged. 2. The hybrid vehicle of claim 1, wherein the second ratio of torque is that at which the engine operates without throttling, without torque from the engine exceeding a torque necessary to propel the vehicle at a steady vehicle speed, and with the second motor-generator unpowered. 3. The hybrid vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first clutch is engageable to connect the second member of the planetary gear set for unitary rotation with the third member of the planetary gear set, and further comprising: a second clutch selectively engageable to connect the second member of the planetary gear set for unitary rotation with the first member of the first final drive; andwherein the first motor-generator is operable as a motor to start the engine when the second clutch is disengaged and the first clutch is engaged. 4. The hybrid vehicle of claim 3, wherein the first motor-generator is operable as a generator and the second motor-generator is operable as a motor with the engine on, the first clutch engaged, and the second clutch not engaged in a hybrid series operating mode. 5. The hybrid vehicle of claim 3, further comprising: a brake selectively engageable to ground the second member of the planetary gear set to a stationary member; andwherein the first motor-generator is operable as a motor to start the engine when the second clutch is disengaged, the brake is engaged, and the first clutch is disengaged. 6. The hybrid vehicle of claim 3, wherein the vehicle is operable in a first axle-drive, one-motor, electric-only operating mode when the engine is off, the first and second clutches are engaged, the second motor-generator is unpowered and the first motor-generator is operated as a motor. 7. The hybrid vehicle of claim 6, further comprising: a second final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the second final drive is operatively connected for unitary rotation with the second motor-generator, and the second member of the second final drive is driven by the first member of the second final drive and is connected for unitary rotation with the second axle; andwherein the vehicle is operable in a two axle-drive, two motor electric-only operating mode when the engine is off, the first and second clutches are engaged, and the first motor-generator and the second motor-generator are operated as motors. 8. The hybrid vehicle of claim 3, further comprising: a brake selectively engageable to ground the first member of the planetary gear set to a stationary member; andwherein the vehicle is operable in a one-motor electric-only operating mode when the brake is engaged, the first clutch is disengaged, the second clutch is engaged, the second motor-generator is unpowered and the first motor-generator is operated as a motor. 9. The hybrid vehicle of claim 3, further comprising: a second final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the second final drive is operatively connected for unitary rotation with the second motor-generator, and the second member of the second final drive is driven by the first member of the second final drive and is connected for unitary rotation with the second axle; wherein the second motor-generator is operable as a motor to provide tractive torque when accelerating the vehicle with the first clutch engaged and the second clutch disengaged. 10. The hybrid vehicle of claim 1, and further comprising: a second final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the second final drive is operatively connected for unitary rotation with the second motor-generator, and the second member of the second final drive is driven by the first member of the second final drive and is connected for unitary rotation with the second axle; andwherein the hybrid vehicle is operable in a second axle-drive, one-motor, electric-only operating mode when the engine is off, the first motor-generator is unpowered, and the second motor-generator is operated as a motor. 11. The hybrid vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first axle is connected for unitary rotation with at least one first wheel and the second axle is connected for unitary rotation with at least one second wheel, and further comprising: an electronic controller operatively connected to the motor-generators and the first clutch;a second final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the second final drive is operatively connected for unitary rotation with the second motor-generator, and the second member of the second final drive is driven by the first member of the second final drive and is connected for unitary rotation with the second axle; andwherein the controller is configured to (i) determine if said at least one first wheel is slipping, and (ii) if said at least one first wheel is slipping, cause additional torque to be provided by at least one of: applying friction brake mechanisms operatively connected said at least one first wheel; anddirecting electric power from the energy storage device to the second motor-generator and controlling the second motor-generator to function as a motor. 12. The hybrid vehicle of claim 11, further comprising: a second final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the second final drive is operatively connected for unitary rotation with the second motor-generator, and the second member of the second final drive is driven by the first member of the second final drive and is connected for unitary rotation with the second axle;a second clutch selectively engageable to connect the second member of the planetary gear set for unitary rotation with the first member of the first final drive; andwherein the controller is configured to cause additional torque to be provided to said at least one second wheel if the controller determines that said at least one first wheel is slipping by: disengaging the second clutch, and controlling the first motor-generator to function as a generator and the second motor-generator to function as a motor receiving electric power from the first motor-generator. 13. A hybrid vehicle having a first axle and a second axle and comprising: an engine;a transmission that includes: a simple planetary gear set having a sun gear member, a ring gear member, and a carrier member that supports a plurality of pinion gears that mesh with the sun gear member and the ring gear member; wherein the engine is connected for unitary rotation with the ring gear member;a first final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the first final drive is operatively connectable to rotate in unison with the carrier member, and the second member of the first final drive is driven by the first member and is connected for unitary rotation with the first axle;a first motor-generator connected for unitary rotation with the sun gear member;a first clutch selectively engageable to connect the carrier member for unitary rotation with the sun gear member; the planetary gear set providing an underdrive ratio of speed of the carrier member to speed of the engine when the sun gear member is stationary;a second clutch selectively engageable to connect the carrier member for unitary rotation with the first member of the first final drive downstream of the first clutch;a second motor-generator continuously operatively connected with one of the axles;the hybrid vehicle having: a first ratio of torque of the first axle to torque of the engine when the first clutch is not engaged, the second clutch is engaged, the first motor-generator is powered to apply torque on the sun gear member, and the second motor-generator is unpowered, anda second ratio of torque of the first axle to torque of the engine lower than the first ratio when the first clutch is engaged and at least one of the first and the second motor-generators is powered; andthe hybrid vehicle thereby being operable in a power-split operating mode when the first clutch is not engaged and the second clutch is engaged, and in a parallel hybrid operating mode when both the first clutch and the second clutch are engaged. 14. The hybrid vehicle of claim 13, further comprising: a second final drive having a first member and a second member; wherein the first member of the second final drive is operatively connected for unitary rotation with the second motor-generator, and the second member of the second final drive is driven by the first member and is connected for unitary rotation with the second axle;wherein the hybrid vehicle is operable in a second axle-drive, one-motor electric-only operating mode when the first clutch is not engaged, the engine is off, the first motor-generator is not powered, and the second motor-generator is operated as a motor. 15. A method of controlling a hybrid vehicle that has an engine, a first motor-generator, a second motor-generator, a first drive axle, a second drive axle, and a planetary gear set with a first, a second, and a third member, the method comprising: controlling the first motor-generator via a controller to apply torque on the third member of the planetary gear set; wherein the first motor-generator is connected for unitary rotation with the third member of the planetary gear set; wherein the second motor-generator is operatively connected for proportional rotation with one of the drive axles; wherein the engine is operatively connected for unitary rotation with the first member of the planetary gear set, and the first drive axle is driven through a first final drive operatively connectable with the second member of the planetary gear set, thereby establishing a first ratio of torque of the first drive axle to torque of the engine when a first clutch that connects any two of the members of the planetary gear set for unitary rotation is not engaged; andengaging the first clutch to establish a second ratio of torque of the first drive axle to torque of the engine that is lower than the first ratio. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising: controlling the first motor-generator to function as a motor to start the engine while the first clutch is engaged and a second clutch that connects the second member for unitary rotation with a member of the first final drive is disengaged. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising: disengaging a second clutch that connects the second member for unitary rotation with a member of the first final drive while the first clutch remains engaged;controlling the first motor-generator to operate as a generator to provide electrical power to the second motor-generator; andcontrolling the second motor-generator to function as a motor to provide tractive torque in a hybrid series operating mode. 18. The method of claim 15, wherein the second motor-generator is operatively connected for proportional rotation with the second drive axle, and further comprising: engaging a second clutch that connects the second member for unitary rotation with a member of the first final drive while the first clutch remains engaged; andcontrolling the first motor-generator and the second motor-generator to operate as motors to provide a two axle-drive, two-motor electric-only operating mode.
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