초록 ▼

The invention relates to a nacelle including an air intake upstream from the jet engine (1), a medium section surrounding the fan of the jet engine (1), and a downstream section. The nacelle further includes at least one pair of mobile cowlings (3) provided on both sides of a vertical longitudinal s

The invention relates to a nacelle including an air intake upstream from the jet engine (1), a medium section surrounding the fan of the jet engine (1), and a downstream section. The nacelle further includes at least one pair of mobile cowlings (3) provided on both sides of a vertical longitudinal symmetry plane of the nacelle and hinged essentially parallel to a longitudinal axis (A) of the nacelle so they can be opened to provide access to the jet engine (1). The mobile cowlings (3) are paired by fastening means (8) so that they can be hinged on each other about separate or overlapping axes (6). Each mobile cowling (3) comprises permanent connection means or means (14, 15) for connecting it temporarily by rotation and in closed position to a fixed structure (7) of the nacelle.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A nacelle for a jet engine comprising an air intake upstream of the jet engine, a median section surrounding a fan of the jet engine and a downstream section, the nacelle further comprising at least one pair of mobile cowls positioned one on each side of a longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry

1. A nacelle for a jet engine comprising an air intake upstream of the jet engine, a median section surrounding a fan of the jet engine and a downstream section, the nacelle further comprising at least one pair of mobile cowls positioned one on each side of a longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry of the nacelle and articulated substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the nacelle about pivot axes so that they can open to give access to the jet engine, wherein the mobile cowls are attached to one another by an attachment means that allow the mobile cowls to be articulated to one another about the pivot axes and through which the weight of one cowl acts, when open, on the other cowl that remains closed, there being no fixed structure above the nacelle to directly support the pivot axes about which the mobile cowls are articulated, and wherein each mobile cowl comprises means of permanent connection or means for connecting it temporarily, when closed, in terms of rotation to a fixed structure of the nacelle. 2. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mobile cowls are positioned in the median section of the nacelle. 3. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mobile cowls are positioned in the downstream section of the nacelle. 4. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the downstream section of the nacelle comprises a thrust reverser device. 5. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fixed structure of the nacelle is a casing intended to surround the fan of the jet engine. 6. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means of permanent connection comprise a support, fixed to the nacelle fixed structure and which bears the pivot axes about which the cowls are articulated. 7. The nacelle as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pivot axis about which each cowl is articulated is created between the support and an attachment connecting the two cowls, said attachment being connected to the structure of the jet engine by means of at least one supporting link rod. 8. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein each cowl is connected to the nacelle fixed structure by a knife edge formed in a structure of the cowl and a peripheral groove formed in the nacelle fixed structure, and wherein said means of temporary connection in terms of rotation comprise a cutout created in the knife edge and designed to accept a stop-forming projecting part created in the peripheral groove. 9. The nacelle as claimed in claim 8, wherein the positions of the cutout and of the corresponding stop are determined such that a clearance between the cutout and the stop is coplanar with the axis about which the cowl is articulated. 10. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means of temporary connection in terms of rotation comprise a locking bolt which is slidably mounted in a structure toward an upper part of each cowl, parallel to the axis about which it is articulated, between a retracted position and a position of engagement in a retaining orifice of appropriate shape formed in the nacelle fixed structure, and wherein an indexing slide of elongate shape is mounted such that it can move between said retaining orifices in the upper part of the nacelle fixed structure and comprises means which, should a locking bolt become withdrawn from its retaining orifice, immobilize a locking bolt of the other cowl in an engaged position thus preventing simultaneous opening of both cowls. 11. The nacelle as claimed in claim 10, wherein the locking bolt of each cowl is able to engage in a through-hole made at each end of the slide and to tension elastic return means of the slide so that withdrawal of one of the locking bolts causes the slide to effect a translational movement toward the locking bolt of the cowl that has remained closed and causes the latter to become immobilized by means of a blocking pin projecting from a proximal wall of a corresponding through-hole and able to engage in a transverse opening in the locking bolt. 12. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means of temporary connection in terms of rotation comprise a locking hook which is mounted in a structure in a lower part of each cowl and articulated parallel to the cowl, the locking hook being designed to catch, when the cowl is closed, on an anchoring base fixed to the nacelle fixed structure, a pivoting of the locking hook being brought about by a cowl opening lever mounted to pivot between open and closed positions in a space in the lower part of the cowl, and wherein a blocking hook is pivot mounted and designed to catch on a suitably-shaped radial end of the lever with a view to immobilizing the latter in the closed position, the pivoting of the blocking hook being triggered by a signaling member able to signal the fact that one or other of the cowls is open. 13. The nacelle as claimed in claim 12, wherein each cowl comprises toward the lower part a cowl-open signaling rod mounted such that it can move in terms of translation under an action of a return spring between a position in which it is retracted and a position in which it projects with respect to the longitudinal vertical plane of symmetry of the nacelle, the signaling rods of the two cowls coming, when these cowls are closed, to rest against one another so as to keep one another in the retracted position, and in that said blocking hook exhibits a lateral guide pin mounted to slide in an oblong guide slot formed in the rod so that a translational movement of the rod is accompanied by a pivoting of the hook. 14. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cowls are articulated by articulation clevises about a common pivot axis, and wherein a mobile cowling device supported above the common pivot axis and connected to the articulation clevises of the cowls by a collection of interlaced pivot link rods covers a region in which the cowls are articulated and provides a joint between external walls of the cowls so as to preserve aerodynamics of the nacelle when the cowls are closed. 15. The nacelle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight of one cowl, when open, acts to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the nacelle, the other cowl that remains closed until a stop which is formed in a peripheral groove of a fan casing butts a lateral wall of the corresponding pocket formed in a knife edge of the mobile cowls.