IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0805406
(2011-07-07)
|
등록번호 |
US-9033282
(2015-05-19)
|
우선권정보 |
GB-1011843.8 (2010-07-14) |
국제출원번호 |
PCT/EP2011/061552
(2011-07-07)
|
§371/§102 date |
20121219
(20121219)
|
국제공개번호 |
WO2012/007358
(2012-01-19)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Wright, Christopher
- Chu, James K.
- Himisch, Jan
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- Airbus Operations Limited
|
대리인 / 주소 |
Sterne, Kessler, Goldstein & Fox P.L.L.C.
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
2 인용 특허 :
69 |
초록
▼
A wing tip device for fixing to the outboard end of a wing, the wing defining a wing plane, includes: an upper wing-like element projecting upwardly with respect to the wing plane and having a trailing edge; and a lower wing-like element fixed with respect to the upper wing-like element and having a
A wing tip device for fixing to the outboard end of a wing, the wing defining a wing plane, includes: an upper wing-like element projecting upwardly with respect to the wing plane and having a trailing edge; and a lower wing-like element fixed with respect to the upper wing-like element and having a root chord and a trailing edge, the lower wing-like element root chord intersecting with the upper wing-like element, and the lower wing-like element projecting downwardly from the intersection. The upper wing-like element is larger than the lower wing-like element and the trailing edge of the lower wing-like element is adjacent the trailing edge of the upper wing-like element at the intersection. An included angle between the upper and lower wing-like elements at the intersection is less than, or equal to, 160 degrees.
대표청구항
▼
1. A wing tip device for fixing to the outboard end of a wing, the wing defining a wing plane, the wing tip device comprising: an upper wing-like element projecting upwardly with respect to the wing plane and having a trailing edge; anda lower wing-like element fixed with respect to the upper wing-l
1. A wing tip device for fixing to the outboard end of a wing, the wing defining a wing plane, the wing tip device comprising: an upper wing-like element projecting upwardly with respect to the wing plane and having a trailing edge; anda lower wing-like element fixed with respect to the upper wing-like element and having a root chord and a trailing edge, the lower wing-like element root chord intersecting with the upper wing-like element, and the lower wing-like element projecting downwardly from the intersection,wherein the upper wing-like element includes a substantially planar portion and a transition portion adapted to smoothly blend the outboard end of the wing into the substantially planar portion,wherein the upper wing-like element is larger than the lower wing-like element and the trailing edge of the lower wing-like element is adjacent the trailing edge of the upper wing-like element at the intersection,wherein an included angle between the upper and lower wing-like elements at the intersection is less than, or equal to, 160 degrees, andwherein the lower wing-like element has an element planform area less than approximately 25% of an upper wing-like element planform area. 2. A wing tip device according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between the wing plane and the lower wing-like element is at least 110 degrees. 3. A wing tip device according to claim 1, wherein the included angle between the upper and lower wing-like elements at the intersection is at least 80 degrees. 4. A wing tip device according to claim 1, wherein the lower wing-like element is substantially planar. 5. A wing tip device according to claim 1, wherein the lower wing-like element has a sweep back angle. 6. A wing tip device according to claim 1, wherein the transition portion is an arcuate transition portion adapted to smoothly blend the outboard end of the wing into the substantially planar portion of the upper wing-like element. 7. A wing tip device according to claim 1, wherein the upper wing-like element has a sweep back angle. 8. A wing tip device according to claim 1, wherein the intersection between the lower wing-like element and the upper wing-like element is outboard of the outboard end of the wing. 9. A wing having an outboard end and a wing tip device in accordance with claim 1 fixed to its outboard end. 10. An aircraft having a wing according to claim 9. 11. An aircraft according to claim 10, wherein, when the aircraft is on the ground and the wing is subjected to downward deflection due to full fuel load, the tip of the lower wing-like element extends no further outboard in the spanwise direction than the tip of the upper wing-like element. 12. An aircraft according to claim 11, wherein, when the aircraft is on the ground and the wing is subjected to downward deflection due to full fuel load, the spanwise extent of the tip of the lower wing-like element is substantially equal to the spanwise extent of the tip of the upper wing-like element. 13. An aircraft according to claim 11, wherein the spanwise extent of the wing in the ground shape is substantially equal to an airport compatibility gate limit. 14. An aircraft according to claim 11, wherein, when the aircraft is in flight, the tip of the lower wing-like element extends further outboard in the spanwise direction than the tip of the upper wing-like element due to aeroelastic deformation of the wing shape. 15. A method of fitting, or retro-fitting, a wing tip device to a wing, the method comprising fixing a wing tip device in accordance with claim 1 to the outboard end of a wing. 16. A method of modifying a wing tip device fixed to, or for fixing to, the outboard end of a wing, the wing defining a wing plane, the existing wing tip device comprising an upper wing-like element projecting upwardly with respect to the wing plane and having a trailing edge, wherein the upper wing-like element includes a substantially planar portion and a transition portion adapted to smoothly blend the outboard end of the wing into the substantially planar portion, and the method comprising providing a lower wing-like element smaller than the upper wing-like element and having a root chord and a trailing edge, and fixing the lower wing-like element to the upper wing-like element such that: the lower wing-like element root chord intersects with the upper wing-like element, and the lower wing-like element projects downwardly from the intersection; and that the trailing edge of the lower wing-like element is adjacent the trailing edge of the upper wing-like element at the intersection; and that an included angle between the upper and lower wing-like elements at the intersection is less than, or equal to, 160 degrees; and that an element planform area of the lower wing-like element is less than approximately 25% of an upper wing-like element planform area. 17. A method of operating a wing having a wing tip device fixed to the outboard end of the wing, the wing defining a wing plane, and the wing tip device comprising: an upper wing-like element projecting upwardly with respect to the wing plane and having a trailing edge; anda lower wing-like element fixed with respect to the upper wing-like element and having a root chord and a trailing edge, the lower wing-like element root chord intersecting with the upper wing-like element, and the lower wing-like element projecting downwardly from the intersection,wherein the upper wing-like element includes a substantially planar portion and a transition portion adapted to smoothly blend the outboard end of the wing into the substantially planar portion,wherein the upper wing-like element is larger than the lower wing-like element and the trailing edge of the lower wing-like element is adjacent the trailing edge of the upper wing-like element at the intersection,wherein an included angle between the upper and lower wing-like elements at the intersection is less than, or equal to, 160 degrees, andwherein the lower wing-like element has an element planform area less than approximately 25% of the upper wing-like element planform area, andthe method comprising subjecting the wing to aerodynamic loads such that the wing shape undergoes aeroelastic deformation to a state in which wing bending causes rotation of the wing tip device about the wing root such that the tip of the lower wing-like element extends further outboard in the spanwise direction than the tip of the upper wing-like element. 18. A wing tip device according to claim 6, wherein the arcuate transition portion has a substantially constant radius of curvature. 19. A wing tip device according to claim 8, wherein the intersection is on the lower surface of the transition portion. 20. A wing tip device according to claim 4, wherein the transition portion is an arcuate transition portion adapted to smoothly blend the outboard end of the wing into the substantially planar portion of the upper wing-like element. 21. A wing tip device according to claim 20, wherein the arcuate transition portion has a substantially constant radius of curvature. 22. A wing tip device according to claim 20, wherein the intersection between the lower wing-like element and the upper wing-like element is outboard of the outboard end of the wing. 23. A wing tip device according to claim 22, wherein the intersection is on the lower surface of the transition portion. 24. A wing tip device according to claim 4, wherein the intersection between the lower wing-like element and the upper wing-like element is outboard of the outboard end of the wing. 25. A wing tip device according to claim 24, wherein the intersection is on the lower surface of the transition portion. 26. A wing tip device for fixing to the outboard end of a wing, the wing tip device comprising an upper winglet and a lower winglet, wherein: the upper winglet is a blended winglet comprising an upwardly extending, substantially planar, portion and a transition portion adapted to smoothly blend the outboard end of the wing into the substantially planar portion, the upper winglet having a trailing edge and a lower surface;wherein the lower winglet is fixed with respect to the upper winglet and projects downwardly from an intersection between the lower winglet and the upper winglet, the intersection being located on the lower surface of the transition portion,wherein the upper winglet is larger than the lower winglet,wherein the lower winglet has a trailing edge which is adjacent the trailing edge of the upper winglet at the intersection,wherein an included angle between the upper and lower winglets at the intersection is less than, or equal to, 160 degrees, andwherein the lower wing-like element has an element planform area less than approximately 25% of the upper wing-like element planform area. 27. A wing tip device according to claim 26, wherein the lower winglet is substantially planar. 28. A wing tip device according to claim 26, wherein the transition portion is an arcuate transition portion adapted to smoothly blend the outboard end of the wing into the substantially planar portion of the upper winglet. 29. A wing tip device according to claim 28, wherein the arcuate transition portion has a substantially constant radius of curvature. 30. A wing tip device according to claim 26, wherein the intersection between the lower winglet and the upper winglet is outboard of the outboard end of the wing. 31. A wing tip device according to claim 30, wherein the intersection is on the lower surface of the transition portion.
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