Apparatus configured to detect a physical quantity of a flowing fluid, and a respective method
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
G01F-001/32
G01N-009/00
출원번호
US-0500933
(2010-10-08)
등록번호
US-9038481
(2015-05-26)
우선권정보
EP-09172580 (2009-10-08)
국제출원번호
PCT/NL2010/050662
(2010-10-08)
§371/§102 date
20120619
(20120619)
국제공개번호
WO2011/043667
(2011-04-14)
발명자
/ 주소
Schiferli, Wouter
출원인 / 주소
Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO
대리인 / 주소
Banner & Witcoff, Ltd.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
4
초록▼
Apparatus configured detect a physical quantity, for example a density, of a flowing fluid, the apparatus including: a sensor body (2) configured to extend into the flowing fluid, the sensor body comprising a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of a fiber Bragg grating sensor (3, 7, FBG), for generating a det
Apparatus configured detect a physical quantity, for example a density, of a flowing fluid, the apparatus including: a sensor body (2) configured to extend into the flowing fluid, the sensor body comprising a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of a fiber Bragg grating sensor (3, 7, FBG), for generating a detector signal relating to vibration of at least part (2B) of the sensor body (2); anda processing unit, configured to process the detector signal, and to determine the physical quantity based on detected vibration at a mechanical eigenfrequency of the flexible part (2B) of the sensor body (2).
대표청구항▼
1. Apparatus configured to detect a physical quantity of a flowing fluid, the apparatus including: a sensor body configured to extend into the flowing fluid and comprising a fiber Bragg grating sensor, for generating optical detector signals relating to fluid induced vibrations of a flexible part of
1. Apparatus configured to detect a physical quantity of a flowing fluid, the apparatus including: a sensor body configured to extend into the flowing fluid and comprising a fiber Bragg grating sensor, for generating optical detector signals relating to fluid induced vibrations of a flexible part of the sensor body, the fluid induced vibrations including both a vortex shedding frequency and a mechanical eigenfrequency; anda detector signal processing unit, configured to detect the optical detector signals and determine both the flow rate of the fluid from the vortex shedding frequency and the physical property of the fluid from the mechanical eigenfrequency, based on the vortex shedding frequency and the mechanical eigenfrequency of the flexible part being within a same frequency spectrum of the optical detector signals and a separation between the mechanical eigenfrequency and the vortex shedding frequency of at least 100 Hz. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sensor body comprises a fiber Bragg grating of the fiber Bragg grating sensor, the eigenfrequency f being an eigenfrequency of the flexible element. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the flexible part extends in parallel with a flow path of the fluid. 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, the processing unit being configured to detect deviation of the actual eigenfrequency f of the flexible part of the sensor body from an initial eigenfrequency f0 of that part. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit has or is associated with a memory, configured for storing an initial eigenfrequency f0. 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the eigenfrequency of the flexible sensor body part is lower than 10000 Hz. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, the sensor body having a rigid part to connect the sensor body to a wall of a fluid channel, wherein the flexible part includes a fiber Bragg grating being connected to the rigid part, the apparatus further comprising an optical fibre that includes the fiber Bragg grating passing through the rigid part to the flexible part. 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, including or being associated with a vibration inducer, configured to induce vibration of the flexible part of the sensor body using the flowing fluid. 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, the sensor body being a vortex shedder that is configured to generate Karman vortices in the fluid during operation. 10. The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a Karman vortex frequency (fK) of vortices generated by the vortex shedder is detectable utilizing the optical detector signals, wherein the optical detector signals include fiber Bragg grating sensor signals relating to the respective fiber Bragg grating of the vortex shedder. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the Karman vortex frequency (fK) is lower than the natural frequency of the sensor body or the flexible part thereof. 12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the flexible sensor body part is smaller than 4 mm. 13. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the processing unit is configured to determine the frequency spectrum of the optical detector signal. 14. The apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the physical quantity is a density (rho) of the fluid. 15. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the eigenfrequency of the flexible sensor body part is less than 2000 Hz. 16. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the thickness of the flexible sensor body part is less than 2 mm. 17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mechanical eigenfrequency, f, of the flexible part in the flowing fluid is defined by: f=f0·(1+K·rho)−1/2 wherein f0 is an initial eigenfrequency (Hz) of the flexible part in vacuum, rho is the density of the fluid (kg/m3) and K is a constant (m3/kg) associated with the dimensions and mass of the flexible part. 18. Apparatus configured to detect a physical quantity of a flowing fluid, the apparatus including: a sensor body configured to extend into the flowing fluid and comprising a fiber Bragg grating sensor, for generating optical detector signals relating to vibrations of a flexible part of the sensor body, the fluid induced vibrations including both a vortex shedding frequency and an actual eigenfrequency; anda processing unit, the processing unit having or being associated with a memory, configured for storing an initial eigenfrequency f0 of the sensor body part, corresponding to a natural eigenfrequency of the sensor body part in vacuum, the processing unit being configured to utilize the optical detector signals for detecting the vortex shedding frequency and the actual eigenfrequency of the flexible part of the sensor body, for determining a deviation of the detected actual eigenfrequency of the flexible part of the sensor body from the stored initial eigenfrequency of the flexible part,wherein the apparatus is configured such that the vortex shedding frequency and the mechanical eigenfrequency are within a same frequency spectrum of the optical detector signals and a separation between the vortex shedding frequency and the mechanical eigenfrequency is at least 100 Hz. 19. Apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the processing unit is configured to determine the physical quantity based on the detected deviation. 20. A method of detecting a physical quantity of a flowing fluid, the method comprising inducing vibrations of a flexible part of a sensor body at both a first frequency, corresponding to a vortex shedding frequency, and an eigenfrequency the method further comprising detecting optical detector signals relating to both the vortex shedding frequency and mechanical eigenfrequency, and determining both the flow rate of the fluid from the vortex shedding frequency and the physical quantity of the fluid from the mechanical eigenfrequency, wherein the mechanical eigenfrequency and the vortex shedding frequency of the flexible part are within a same frequency spectrum of the optical detector signals and a separation between the mechanical eigenfrequency and the vortex shedding frequency is at least 100 Hz. 21. The method according to claim 20, including: inducing vortices that lead to the flexible part vibrating at the vortex shedding frequency, wherein the vortex shedding frequency is lower than the eigenfrequency. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the vortex shedding frequency and eigenfrequency are detected using a same sensor. 23. The method according to claim 20, wherein the optical detector signals relating to the vortex shedding frequency and the eigenfrequency are detected using a fiber Bragg grating. 24. The method according to claim 20, the method including: providing a sensor body that extends into the flowing fluid, the sensor body comprising a fiber Bragg grating of a fiber Bragg grating sensor, that generates the optical detector signals relating to the vortex shedding frequency and mechanical eigenfrequency of the flexible part, wherein the mechanical eigenfrequency, f, of the flexible part in the flowing fluid is defined by: f=f0·(1+K·rho)−1/2 wherein f0 is an initial eigenfrequency (Hz) of the flexible part in vacuum, rho is the density of the fluid (kg/m3) and K is a constant (m3/kg) associated with the dimensions and mass of the flexible part. 25. The method according to claim 20, including: providing a sensor body that extends into the flowing fluid, the sensor body comprising a fiber Bragg grating of a fiber Bragg grating sensor, that generates the optical detector signals; andprocessing the optical detector signals for detecting the mechanical eigenfrequency of the flexible part of the sensor body; anddetermining a deviation of the detected eigenfrequency of the flexible part from a predetermined initial eigenfrequency of the flexible part. 26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the processing includes the use of a frequency spectrum of the optical detector signal. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the processing includes the detection of a peak in said frequency spectrum, which peak is associated with said actual mechanical eigenfrequency. 28. The method according to claim 20, wherein the eigenfrequency is lower than 1000 Hz. 29. The method of claim 20, wherein the physical quantity is density.
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