Apparatus for combusting a fuel at high pressure and high temperature, and associated system
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F23C-007/00
F23D-001/00
F23G-007/06
B01D-053/34
B01J-019/00
F23J-015/02
F23L-007/00
F23M-005/08
F23R-003/00
출원번호
US-0872364
(2010-08-31)
등록번호
US-9068743
(2015-06-30)
발명자
/ 주소
Palmer, Miles R.
Allam, Rodney John
Brown, Jr., Glenn William
출원인 / 주소
8 Rivers Capital, LLC & Palmer Labs, LLC
대리인 / 주소
Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
29
초록▼
A combustor apparatus is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member, at least partially surrounded by a pressu
A combustor apparatus is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member, at least partially surrounded by a pressure containment member. The combustion chamber has longitudinally spaced apart inlet and outlet portions. The fuel mixture is received by the inlet portion for combustion within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product. The combustion chamber further directs the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet portion. The porous transpiration member is configured to substantially uniformly direct a transpiration substance laterally therethrough, about the perimeter thereof defining the combustion chamber and longitudinally between the inlet and outlet portions, toward the combustion chamber for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the porous transpiration member. Associated systems are also provided.
대표청구항▼
1. An energy generation system, comprising: a combustor apparatus, including: a mixing arrangement configured to mix a solid carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture; anda combustion chamber at least partially defined by a perimetric transpiration member, the
1. An energy generation system, comprising: a combustor apparatus, including: a mixing arrangement configured to mix a solid carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture; anda combustion chamber at least partially defined by a perimetric transpiration member, the transpiration member including a porous inner transpiration member surrounded by an outer transpiration member, and further being surrounded by a pressure containment member, the pressure containment member and the outer transpiration member defining corresponding laterally-extending passages extending to the porous inner transpiration member, the combustion chamber having an inlet portion longitudinally spaced apart from an opposing outlet portion, the inlet portion of the combustion chamber being configured to receive the fuel mixture for the fuel mixture to be combusted within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product, the combustion chamber being further configured to direct the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet portion, the outer transpiration member being configured to direct a transpiration substance, received through the passages, about a perimeter of the porous inner transpiration member, and the porous inner transpiration member further being configured to substantially uniformly direct the transpiration substance laterally therethrough, about the perimeter thereof and longitudinally between the inlet portion and the outlet portion, toward the combustion chamber for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the porous inner transpiration member;one of a single carbon dioxide source configured to supply supercritical carbon dioxide and a single water source configured to supply water, the one of the supercritical carbon dioxide and the water being supplied as both the working fluid to the mixing arrangement and the transpiration substance to the porous transpiration member upon and from initiation of combustion within the combustion chamber;a transformation apparatus configured to receive the combustion product from the combustion chamber, the transformation apparatus being responsive to the combustion product to transform energy associated therewith into kinetic energy; anda separator apparatus disposed between the combustor apparatus and the transformation apparatus, the separator apparatus being configured to substantially remove liquefied incombustible elements from the combustion product received thereby prior to the combustion product being directed to the transformation apparatus, wherein the transpiration substance is configured to be introduced into the combustion chamber via the porous inner transpiration member so as to regulate a mixture of the transpiration substance and the combustion product entering the separator apparatus above a liquefication temperature of the incombustible elements,wherein the separator apparatus further comprises a plurality of serially arranged centrifugal separator devices, each centrifugal separator device having a plurality of centrifugal separator elements operably arranged in parallel, andwherein the liquefied incombustible elements removed from the combustion product by the separator apparatus are removably collected in a sump associated with the separator apparatus. 2. A system according to claim 1, wherein the solid carbonaceous fuel is a particulate solid having an average particle size of between about 50 microns and about 200 microns, and the mixing arrangement is further configured to mix the particulate solid carbonaceous fuel with a fluidizing substance comprising one of water and liquid CO2 having a density of between about 450 kg/m3 and about 1100 kg/m3, the fluidizing substance cooperating with the particulate solid carbonaceous fuel to form a slurry having between about 25 weight % and about 95 weight % of the particulate solid carbonaceous fuel. 3. A system according to claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber is further configured to receive the fuel mixture in the inlet portion thereof at a pressure of between about 40 bar and about 500 bar. 4. A system according to claim 1, wherein the combustion temperature is between about 1300° C. and about 5000° C., and is configured such that any incombustible elements in the solid carbonaceous fuel are liquefied within the combustion product. 5. A system according to claim 1, wherein the transpiration substance is configured to be introduced into the combustion chamber via the porous inner transpiration member so as to regulate an exit mixture of the transpiration substance and the combustion product about the outlet portion of the combustion chamber at a temperature of between about 400° C. and about 3500° C. 6. A system according to claim 1, further comprising a transpiration substance delivery device disposed subsequently to the separator apparatus and configured to deliver the transpiration substance to the combustion product having the liquefied incombustible elements substantially removed therefrom so as to regulate a mixture of the transpiration substance and the combustion product entering the transformation apparatus at a temperature of between about 400° C. and about 3500° C. 7. A system according to claim 1, wherein the transpiration substance is directed through the porous inner transpiration member such that the transpiration substance forms a buffer layer immediately adjacent to the porous inner transpiration member within the combustion chamber, the buffer layer being configured to buffer interaction between the porous inner transpiration member and the liquefied incombustible elements and heat associated with the combustion product. 8. A system according to claim 1, wherein the combustor apparatus further comprises a heat removal device associated with the pressure containment member and configured to control a temperature thereof, the heat removal device comprising a heat transfer jacket having a liquid circulated therein. 9. A system according to claim 1, wherein the transformation apparatus comprises one of a turbine device configured to be responsive to the combustion product so as to transform the energy associated therewith into kinetic energy, and a generator device configured to transform the kinetic energy into electricity. 10. A system according to claim 1, wherein the porous inner transpiration member is further configured to define pores, the porous inner transpiration member further having a cumulative pore area substantially equal to a surface area of the porous inner transpiration member defining the pores. 11. A system according to claim 10, wherein the pores are spaced apart and substantially uniformly distributed about the porous inner transpiration member and between the inlet and outlet portions thereof. 12. A system according to claim 10, wherein the porous inner transpiration member is configured to direct the transpiration fluid into the combustion chamber at a substantially right angle with respect thereto.
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