Integrated power generation and chemical production using fuel cells
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H01M-008/06
C01B-031/00
B01D-053/00
H01M-008/14
H01M-008/04
출원번호
US-0315507
(2014-06-26)
등록번호
US-9077007
(2015-07-07)
발명자
/ 주소
Berlowitz, Paul J.
Barckholtz, Timothy Andrew
Hershkowitz, Frank H.
출원인 / 주소
EXXONMOBIL RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY
대리인 / 주소
Carter, Larry E.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
47
초록▼
In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for operating a molten carbonate fuel cell with an excess of reformable fuel relative to the amount of oxidation performed in the anode of the fuel cell. Instead of selecting the operating conditions of a fuel cell to improve or maximize the elect
In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for operating a molten carbonate fuel cell with an excess of reformable fuel relative to the amount of oxidation performed in the anode of the fuel cell. Instead of selecting the operating conditions of a fuel cell to improve or maximize the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell, an excess of reformable fuel can be passed into the anode of the fuel cell to increase the chemical energy output of the fuel cell. This can lead to an increase in the total efficiency of the fuel cell based on the combined electrical efficiency and chemical efficiency of the fuel cell.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for producing electricity, and hydrogen or syngas, using a molten carbonate fuel cell comprising an anode and cathode, the method comprising: introducing an anode fuel stream comprising a reformable fuel into the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, an internal reforming element asso
1. A method for producing electricity, and hydrogen or syngas, using a molten carbonate fuel cell comprising an anode and cathode, the method comprising: introducing an anode fuel stream comprising a reformable fuel into the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, an internal reforming element associated with the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, or a combination thereof;introducing a cathode inlet stream comprising CO2 and O2 into the cathode of the molten carbonate fuel cell;generating electricity within the molten carbonate fuel cell;generating an anode exhaust from an anode outlet of the molten carbonate fuel cell; andseparating from the anode exhaust a H2-containing stream, a syngas-containing stream, or a combination thereof,wherein an amount of the reformable fuel introduced into the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the internal reforming element associated with the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, or the combination thereof, provides a reformable fuel surplus ratio of at least about 2.0. 2. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising reforming the reformable fuel, wherein at least about 90% of the reformable fuel introduced into the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the internal reforming element associated with the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, or the combination thereof, is reformed in a single pass through the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the reformable fuel surplus ratio is at least about 2.5. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the CO2 utilization in the cathode is at least about 50%. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel stream comprises at least about 10 vol % inert compounds, at least about 10 vol % CO2, or a combination thereof. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the syngas-containing stream has a molar ratio of H2 to CO from about 3.0:1 to about 1.0:1. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the syngas-containing stream has a molar ratio of H2 to CO from about 2.5:1 to about 1.5:1. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the anode exhaust has a molar ratio of H2 to CO of about 1.5:1 to about 10:1. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the anode exhaust has a molar ratio of H2 to CO of about 3.0:1 to about 10:1. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein less than 10 vol % of H2 produced in the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell in a single pass is directly or indirectly recycled to the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell or the cathode of the molten carbonate fuel cell. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein less than 10 vol % of the syngas-containing stream is directly or indirectly recycled to the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell or the cathode of the molten carbonate fuel cell. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein less than 10 vol % of an anode exhaust is directly or indirectly recycled to the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell or the cathode of the molten carbonate fuel cell. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein no portion of the anode exhaust is directly or indirectly recycled to the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, directly or indirectly recycled to the cathode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, or a combination thereof. 14. The method of claim 1, further comprising separating at least one of CO2 and H2O from one or a combination of i) the anode exhaust, ii) the H2-containing stream, and iii) the syngas-containing stream. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the H2-containing stream contains at least about 90 vol % H2. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the cathode inlet stream comprises about 20 vol % CO2 or less. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the molten carbonate fuel cell is operated at a voltage VA of about 0.67 Volts or less. 18. A method for producing electricity, and hydrogen or syngas, using a molten carbonate fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode, the method comprising: introducing an anode fuel stream comprising a reformable fuel into the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, an internal reforming element associated with the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, or a combination thereof;introducing a cathode inlet stream comprising CO2 and O2 into the cathode of the molten carbonate fuel cell;generating electricity within the molten carbonate fuel cell;generating an anode exhaust from an anode outlet of the molten carbonate fuel cell; andseparating from the anode exhaust a H2-containing stream, a syngas-containing stream, or a combination thereof,wherein the anode fuel stream has a reformable hydrogen content that is at least 50% greater than an amount of H2 oxidized in the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell to generate electricity. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein a reformable hydrogen content of the reformable fuel introduced into the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, the internal reforming element associated with the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell, or the combination thereof, is at least about 75% greater than the amount of H2 oxidized in the anode of the molten carbonate fuel cell to generate electricity. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein a CO2 utilization of the cathode is at least about 50%. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the molten carbonate fuel cell is operated at a voltage VA of about 0.67 Volts or less.
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