A structural member for a reinforced stud wall including a tie rod connected to a foundation of the wall. The structural member comprises a longitudinal hollow member having top and bottom walls; and first and second web flanges connecting the top and bottom walls, the web flanges extending along a
A structural member for a reinforced stud wall including a tie rod connected to a foundation of the wall. The structural member comprises a longitudinal hollow member having top and bottom walls; and first and second web flanges connecting the top and bottom walls, the web flanges extending along a longitudinal axis of the hollow member. An opening through the top and bottom walls to allow the tie rod to extend therethrough, the opening being disposed between the web flanges.
대표청구항▼
1. A reinforced stud wall for a building having at least one floor, a foundation and at least one ceiling, comprising: a) a horizontal cross member operably secured to a pair of adjacent vertical studs;b) a tie rod having one end operably connected to a foundation of a building and a threaded anothe
1. A reinforced stud wall for a building having at least one floor, a foundation and at least one ceiling, comprising: a) a horizontal cross member operably secured to a pair of adjacent vertical studs;b) a tie rod having one end operably connected to a foundation of a building and a threaded another end extending through said cross member;c) a nut operably secured to said another end and said cross member; andd) said cross member comprising a longitudinal hollow member having a horizontal longitudinal axis and having top and bottom walls having lengths extending along said longitudinal axis, first and second web flanges connecting said top and bottom walls, said web flanges extending along said longitudinal axis of said hollow member, and an opening through said top and bottom walls to allow said tie rod to extend therethrough, said opening being disposed between said web flanges, said cross member horizontal longitudinal axis is disposed transversely to said adjacent vertical studs. 2. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, wherein: a) said stud wall includes a bottom plate; andb) said cross member is disposed on top of said bottom plate. 3. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 2, and further comprising reinforcement studs including bottom ends bearing on top of said cross member. 4. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 3, wherein said hollow member includes outside side walls connecting said top and bottom walls and extending along said longitudinal axis. 5. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, and further comprising reinforcement studs including top ends and said cross member is disposed on said top ends. 6. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, wherein said opening is elongated. 7. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 6, wherein one end of said opening is centered along the length of said hollow member and another end opposite to said one end is off-center. 8. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, and further comprising a bearing plate disposed between said nut and said cross member. 9. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 8, wherein said bearing plate comprises: a) second hollow member having second top and second bottom walls;b) third and fourth web flanges connecting said second top and said second bottom walls, said third and fourth web flanges extending along a second longitudinal axis of said second hollow member;c) outside second side walls connecting said second top wall and said second bottom wall and extending along said second longitudinal axis; andd) a second opening through said second top and said second bottom walls to allow a tie rod to extend therethrough, said second opening being disposed between said third and fourth web flanges. 10. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 9, wherein said third and fourth web flanges are in substantial vertical alignment with respective said first and second web flanges of said cross member. 11. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, and further comprising: a) first and second reinforcement studs having respective first and second top ends;b) said cross member is disposed on said first and second top ends;c) third and fourth reinforcement studs having first and second bottom ends; andd) said first and second bottom ends are disposed on top of said cross member. 12. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, and further comprising coupler to secure said one end to a foundation anchor. 13. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, and further comprising: a) first and second washers disposed between said cross member and said nut, said first washer being disposed below said second washer; andb) said first washer including a top convex surface mating with a complementary bottom concave surface of said second washer. 14. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, and further comprising a tensioning device disposed between said nut and said cross member. 15. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 14, wherein said tensioning device comprises: a) an inner cylindrical member having an axial opening through which said tie rod passes;b) an outer cylindrical member in which said inner cylindrical member is disposed, said inner and outer cylindrical members including opposing first and second cylindrical walls, respectively;c) a spring urging said inner and outer cylindrical members axially apart to maintain pressure against said cross member;d) a resilient member disposed between said first and second cylindrical walls;e) one of said first and second cylindrical walls including a first receiving volume configured to fully receive said resilient member and the other cylindrical wall including a plurality of second receiving volumes configured to only partially receive said resilient member; andf) said resilient member being shifted between said first and second receiving volumes such that said one of said first and second cylindrical members can move in a first direction toward the foundation but locked in a second direction opposite to said first direction. 16. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 15, wherein said outer cylindrical member is disposed directly above said web flanges. 17. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 1, and further comprising: a) first and second brackets;b) each of said brackets including a horizontal member, a vertical member extending downwardly from an intermediate portion of said horizontal member, and an angle member connecting one end of said horizontal member and a free end of said vertical member;c) said bracket forming an inverted L-shaped portion with said vertical member and a portion of said horizontal member;d) first and second reinforcement studs including respective top ends;e) said horizontal member portion is disposed between said top end of said respective reinforcement stud and said cross member; andf) said vertical member engages a vertical surface of respective said reinforcement stud. 18. A reinforced stud wall for a building having at least one floor, a foundation and at least one ceiling, comprising: a) said stud wall including a bottom plate;b) a horizontal cross bearing member disposed on top of said bottom plate and between a pair of adjacent vertical studs;c) a tie rod having one end operably connected to a foundation of a building and a threaded another end extending through said cross bearing member;d) a nut operably secured to said another end and said cross bearing member; ande) said cross bearing member comprising a horizontal longitudinal hollow bearing member having a horizontal longitudinal axis and having horizontal and parallel top and bottom walls extending along said horizontal longitudinal axis, said top and bottom walls being load bearing walls for load transverse to said top and bottom walls, first and second web flanges connecting said top and bottom walls, said web flanges extending along said longitudinal axis of said hollow bearing member, and an opening through said top and bottom walls to allow said tie rod to extend therethrough, said opening being confined in a space between vertical portions of said web flanges, said cross bearing member horizontal longitudinal axis being disposed transversely to said adjacent vertical studs. 19. A reinforced stud wall for a building having at least one floor, a foundation and at least one ceiling, comprising: a) said stud wall including a horizontal member and vertical studs;b) a horizontal cross bearing member disposed on top of said horizontal member;c) a tie rod having one end operably connected to a foundation of a building and a threaded another end extending through said cross bearing member;d) a nut operably secured to said another end and said cross bearing member; ande) said cross bearing member comprising a horizontal longitudinal hollow bearing member having a horizontal longitudinal axis and having horizontal and parallel top and bottom walls extending along said horizontal longitudinal axis, said top and bottom walls being load bearing walls for load transverse to said top and bottom walls, first and second web flanges connecting said top and bottom walls, said web flanges extending along said longitudinal axis of said hollow bearing member, and an opening through said top and bottom walls to allow said tie rod to extend therethrough, said opening being confined in a space between vertical portions of said web flanges, said cross bearing member horizontal longitudinal axis being disposed transversely to said vertical studs. 20. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 19, wherein said horizontal member is a bottom plate. 21. A reinforced stud wall as in claim 19, wherein said horizontal member is another horizontal cross bearing member.
Espinosa, Thomas M., FASTENER ASSEMBLY SERVING AS A PRODUCT, OR COMBINED WITH OTHER COMPONENTS AS A PRODUCT, ALLOWS AUTOMATIC CONTROLLED MOVEMENTS IN ONE DIRECTION AND PREVENTS MOVEMENTS IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION WHEN FO.
Espinosa, Thomas M., FASTENER ASSEMBLY SERVING AS A PRODUCT, OR COMBINED WITH OTHER COMPONENTS AS A PRODUCT, ALLOWS AUTOMATIC CONTROLLED MOVEMENTS IN ONE DIRECTION AND PREVENTS MOVEMENTS IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION WHEN FO.
Espinosa,Thomas M., Fastener assembly serving as a product, or combined with other components as a product, allows automatic controlled movements in one direction and prevents movements in the opposite direction when fo.
Espinosa, Thomas M., Fastener assembly serving as a product, or combined with other components as a product, allows automatic controlled movements in one direction and prevents movements in the opposite direction when forces are applied.
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