System and method for scanning a pulsed laser beam
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IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
A61F-009/008
B23K-026/08
B23K-026/00
B23K-026/06
A61B-018/20
출원번호
US-0792758
(2013-03-11)
등록번호
US-9101446
(2015-08-11)
발명자
/ 주소
Bor, Zsolt
Zadoyan, Ruben
Bouvier, Marcel
Holland, Guy V
출원인 / 주소
IntraLase Corp.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
22
초록▼
Systems and methods of photoaltering a region of a material using a pulsed laser beam. The method includes scanning the pulsed laser beam in a first portion of the region with a first pattern, scanning the pulsed laser beam in a second portion of the region with a second pattern, and separating a fl
Systems and methods of photoaltering a region of a material using a pulsed laser beam. The method includes scanning the pulsed laser beam in a first portion of the region with a first pattern, scanning the pulsed laser beam in a second portion of the region with a second pattern, and separating a flap of the material at the region. The system includes a laser, a controller selecting at least first and second patterns, and a scanner operable in response to the controller. The first pattern has a first maximum acceleration associated with the second portion, and the second pattern has a second maximum acceleration associated with the second portion. The second maximum acceleration is less than the first maximum acceleration. The scanner scans the pulsed laser beam from the laser in the first portion with the first pattern and in the second portion with the second pattern.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of photoaltering a sub-surface region of a patient's cornea using a pulsed laser beam to create a corneal flap, the sub-surface region having an outer periphery, a first portion defined within and circumscribed by the periphery, and a second portion smaller than and located within the fi
1. A method of photoaltering a sub-surface region of a patient's cornea using a pulsed laser beam to create a corneal flap, the sub-surface region having an outer periphery, a first portion defined within and circumscribed by the periphery, and a second portion smaller than and located within the first portion, the method comprising the steps of: transmitting the pulsed laser beam with a scanner having a mass in the first portion of the sub-surface region with a first scan pattern defined over a dome-shaped area in the cornea, the first scan pattern requiring a first maximum scanner mass acceleration when traversing the region, wherein the first scan pattern comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam in a spiral pattern beginning from the periphery of the region and successively tracing smaller rotations toward the second portion to permit sufficient time for ablation gas to either cool down or to migrate away before the next inward rotation of the spiral pattern so as to reduce and/or eliminate formation of an opaque bubble layer (OBL) in a corneal flap bed;transmitting the pulsed laser beam with the scanner in the second portion of the sub-surface region with a second scan pattern defined over the dome-shaped area in the cornea, the second scan pattern requiring a second maximum scanner mass acceleration less than the first maximum scan acceleration, wherein the second scan pattern comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam in a raster pattern; andseparating a corneal flap at the region. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the first portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam with the first scan pattern having the first maximum scan acceleration, the first maximum scan acceleration associated with the second portion, and wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam with the second scan pattern having the second maximum scan acceleration, the second maximum scan acceleration associated with the second portion. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein at least some of the second portion of the region overlaps at least some of the first portion of the region to form a third portion of the region, and wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises blanking the pulsed laser beam while scanning the pulsed laser beam with the second scan pattern in the third portion. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the first portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam at a rate between about 1 kHz and about 1 GHz, and wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam at a rate between about 30 MHz and about 1 GHz. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the first portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam with a pulse energy of about 800 nJ/pulse, and wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam with a pulse energy of about 800 nJ/pulse. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the first portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam with a pulse width of between about 300 picoseconds and about 10 femtoseconds, and wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam with a pulse width between about 300 picoseconds and about 10 femtoseconds. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the first portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam at a wavelength between about 400 nm to about 3000 nm, and wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam at a wavelength between about 400 nm to about 3000 nm. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam in an uninterrupted compound pattern. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in an uninterrupted compound pattern comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam in a hypotrochoid pattern. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam in the second portion comprises combining scanning the pulsed laser beam with a sinusoidal pattern. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of scanning the pulsed laser beam with a sinusoidal pattern comprises blanking the pulsed laser beam when scanning the sinusoidal pattern where it overlaps the spiral pattern. 12. The method of claim 1, further including transmitting the pulsed laser beam to create a side cut around a desired perimeter of the flap while leaving an uncut segment to serve as a hinge for the flap, and wherein transmission of the pulsed laser beam in the first and second scan patterns forms a resection bed the perimeter of which is approximately defined by and slightly greater than the side cut. 13. A system for photoaltering a sub-surface region of a patient's cornea to create a corneal flap, the sub-surface region having an outer periphery, a first portion defined within and circumscribed by the periphery, and a second portion smaller than and located within the first portion and a periphery, the system comprising: a laser configured to produce a pulsed laser beam;a scanner having a mass configured to move and direct the pulsed laser beam into the sub-surface region of the cornea, and the system being configured to produce relative three-dimensional movement of a focal point of the pulsed laser beam relative to a patient's eye and corresponding accelerations of the scanner mass;a controller configured to control movement of the scanner and direct the pulsed laser beam relative to the patient's eye in at least a first scan pattern defined over a dome-shaped area within the cornea and a second scan pattern defined over a dome-shaped area within the cornea, the first scan pattern requiring a first maximum scanner mass acceleration when traversing the second portion, the second scan pattern requiring a second maximum scanner mass acceleration when traversing the second portion, the second maximum acceleration being less than the first maximum acceleration; andwherein the scanner is operable in response to the controller to: transmit the pulsed laser beam in the first portion of the sub-surface region with the first scan pattern, wherein the first scan pattern comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam in a spiral pattern beginning from the periphery of the sub-surface region and successively tracing smaller rotations toward the second portion to permit sufficient time for ablation gas to either cool down or to migrate away before the next inward rotation of the spiral pattern so as to reduce and/or eliminate formation of an opaque bubble layer (OBL) in a corneal flap bed; andtransmit the pulsed laser beam in the second portion of the sub-surface region with the second scan pattern, wherein the second scan pattern comprises scanning the pulsed laser beam in a raster pattern. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the region is a substantially circular region having a central portion, and wherein the second portion comprises the central portion. 15. The system of claim 13, wherein the controller is further configured to select a compound pattern comprising the first scan pattern and the second scan pattern. 16. The system of claim 13, wherein the pulsed laser beam has a pulse frequency selected from a range of about 1 kHz to about 1 GHz. 17. The system of claim 13, wherein the first pulse energy is less than or equal to about 800 nanoJoules. 18. The system of claim 13, wherein the controller is further configured to control movement of the scanner and direct the pulsed laser beam to create a side cut around a desired perimeter of the corneal flap while leaving an uncut segment to serve as a hinge for the flap, and wherein transmission of the pulsed laser beam in the first and second scan patterns forms a resection bed the perimeter of which is approximately defined by and slightly greater than the side cut.
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