A ventricular assist device includes a stent for placement within a cardiac artery and arranged for placement, the stent arranged to have an open configuration defining a flow path, a rotor sized to fit within the stent and arranged for percutaneous placement the flow path, the rotor including a sur
A ventricular assist device includes a stent for placement within a cardiac artery and arranged for placement, the stent arranged to have an open configuration defining a flow path, a rotor sized to fit within the stent and arranged for percutaneous placement the flow path, the rotor including a surface disposed about a central portion and angled with respect to the flow path and having a first plurality of magnets. A collar is sized for placement about the cardiac artery and includes a stator. A power source is coupled to the stator, and the stator and the rotor are arranged to rotate the rotor about an axis. A timing control module controls a rotational speed of the rotor. Accordingly, the surface of the rotor is arranged to move blood along the flow path in response to rotation of the rotor.
대표청구항▼
1. A ventricular assist device for a human heart comprising: a stent having a cylindrical stent wall with an inner surface defining a flow path and an outer surface sized for placement within a blood vessel;a stator disposable within the stent, the stator having a plurality of support struts connect
1. A ventricular assist device for a human heart comprising: a stent having a cylindrical stent wall with an inner surface defining a flow path and an outer surface sized for placement within a blood vessel;a stator disposable within the stent, the stator having a plurality of support struts connected to the stator and disposable against the inner surface of the stent wall to position the stator within the stent;a rotor including an outer surface facing the inner surface of the stent wall and defined in part by at least one blade angled with respect to the flow path, the rotor rotatably mounted on the stator between the inner surface of the stent and the stator,one of the rotor and the stator comprising a field magnet and the other of the rotor and the stator comprising windings;a power source operatively coupled to the windings; anda controller operatively coupled to the power source to selectively control the power source to vary the rotational speed of the rotor. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the rotor comprises the field magnet and the stator comprises the windings, the windings operatively coupled to the power source. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the stator has an upstream end and a downstream end, the plurality of support struts depending from the downstream end and connected to the stent. 4. The device of claim 1, further comprising at least first and second bearings disposed between the stator and the rotor to rotatably mount the rotor on the stator, the first bearing disposed at an upstream end of the rotor and the stator and the second bearing disposed at a downstream end of the rotor and the stator. 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the first bearing is a mechanical pivot and the second bearing is a magnetic bearing and comprises first and second magnets, the first magnets attached to the rotor and the second magnets attached to the stator, the first and second magnets having aligned polarities. 6. The device of claim 4, wherein the first bearing is a hydrodynamic pivot and the second bearing is a magnetic bearing and comprises first and second magnets, the first magnets attached to the rotor and the second magnets attached to the stator, the first and second magnets having aligned polarities. 7. The device of claim 4, wherein the first and second bearings are each a magnetic bearing that comprises first and second magnets, the first magnets attached to the rotor and the second magnets attached to the stator, the first and second magnets having aligned polarities. 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the stator has a elongate body with a mechanical bearing at a first end and a magnetic bearing and the plurality of support struts at a second end, and the rotor has an elongate, hollow body defining an enclosed space in which the elongate body of the stator is disposed with the rotor connected to the stator via the mechanical bearing at the first end of the rotor and the magnetic bearing at the second end of the rotor. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one blade is collapsible against the outer surface of the rotor, and the ventricular assist device comprising an introducer jacket, the blades collapsed against the rotor with the introducer jacket disposed about the rotor and the blades extended from the outer surface of the rotor without the introducer jacket disposed about the rotor. 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the cylindrical stent wall comprises a metal mesh tube. 11. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is programmed to operate the power source to provide a pulsatile flow. 12. The device of claim 1, further comprising a cardiac sensor operatively coupled to the controller, the controller being programmed to use the cardiac sensor to determine native cardiac rhythms, and to control the rotational speed of the rotor in response to the native cardiac rhythms. 13. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is programmed to control the rotational speed of the rotor between a baseline speed and a higher speed. 14. The device of claim 1, wherein one or more of the stent, the stator and the rotor are coated with an anti-coagulant. 15. The device of claim 1, wherein the stent, rotor and stator are sized to fit within one of the aorta and the pulmonary artery. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the stent, rotor and stator are sized to fit within one of the aorta and the pulmonary artery at a selected location that is supravalvular. 17. The device of claim 1, wherein the power source and the controller are sized for subcutaneous placement. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the power source is arranged for transcutaneous charging. 19. The device of claim 17, wherein the controller is arranged for transcutaneous programming. 20. A method of implanting a ventricular assist device in a heart, comprising the steps of: selecting a stent sized for placement within a blood vessel at a selected location within the blood vessel;placing the stent at the selected location in a collapsed configuration;expanding the stent at the selected location to define a flow path through the stent;placing a stator within the stent in the flow path,providing a rotor including an outer surface facing an inner surface of the stent wall and defined in part by at least one blade angled with respect to the flow path, the rotor rotatably mounted on the stator between the inner surface of the stent and the stator, one of the rotor and the stator comprising a field magnet and the other of the rotor and the stator comprising windings;operatively coupling a power source to the windings; andcontrolling the power source to cause the rotor to rotate about a longitudinal axis. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the selected location is in a pulmonary artery of the heart, and including directing at least a portion of the flow path toward an artificial lung. 22. The method of claim 20, wherein the timing control module is arranged to rotate the rotor to create a reverse flow. 23. The method of claim 20, including coupling the timing control module to a sensor, the sensor arranged to detect native cardiac rhythms, and arranging the timing control module to rotate the rotor to coincide with the native cardiac rhythms. 24. A ventricular assist device for a human heart comprising: a stent having a cylindrical stent wall with an inner surface defining a flow path and an outer surface sized for placement within a blood vessel;a stator disposable within the stent, the stator having a plurality of support struts connected to the stator and disposable against the inner surface of the stent wall to position the stator within the stent;a rotor including an outer surface facing the inner surface of the stent wall and defined in part by at least one blade angled with respect to the flow path, the rotor rotatably mounted about the stator and between the inner surface of the stent and the stator;the rotor comprising a field magnet;the stator comprising windings;wherein the windings are operatively coupled to the power source; anda controller operatively coupled to the power source to selectively control the power source to vary the rotational speed of the rotor. 25. The device of claim 24, wherein the stator has an upstream portion and a downstream portion, the plurality of support struts depending only from the downstream portion and connected to the stent. 26. The device of claim 25, further comprising at least first and second bearings disposed between the stator and the rotor and arranged to rotatably mount the rotor about the stator, the first bearing disposed adjacent an upstream portion of the rotor and the upstream portion of the stator, and the second bearing disposed adjacent a downstream portion of the rotor and a downstream portion of the stator. 27. The device of claim 25, wherein the stator has an elongate body with a mechanical bearing adjacent the upstream portion and a magnetic bearing adjacent the downstream portion, and wherein the rotor has an elongate, hollow body defining an enclosed space sized to fit over the elongate body of the stator such that the stator is disposed within the rotor.
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