Internal-combustion engine having a system for variable actuation of the intake valves, provided with three-way solenoid valves, and method for controlling said engine
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F01L-009/02
F02D-043/04
F01L-001/26
출원번호
US-0891520
(2013-05-10)
등록번호
US-9175630
(2015-11-03)
우선권정보
EP-12178720 (2012-07-31)
발명자
/ 주소
Stucchi, Sergio
De Michele, Onofrio
Ricco, Raffaele
Gargano, Marcello
Vattaneo, Francesco
Lepore, Domenico
출원인 / 주소
C.R.F. SOCIETA CONSORTILE PER AZIONI
대리인 / 주소
Nixon & Vanderhye, PC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
2인용 특허 :
4
초록▼
An internal-combustion engine with two intake valves for each cylinder is provided with a system for variable actuation of the intake valves, including a single solenoid valve for each cylinder that controls communication of a pressurized-fluid chamber of the system with an exhaust channel. The sole
An internal-combustion engine with two intake valves for each cylinder is provided with a system for variable actuation of the intake valves, including a single solenoid valve for each cylinder that controls communication of a pressurized-fluid chamber of the system with an exhaust channel. The solenoid valve is a three-way, three-position solenoid valve, including an inlet permanently communicating with the pressurized-fluid chamber and with the hydraulic actuator of an intake valve, and two outlets communicating, respectively, with the actuator of the other intake valve and with the exhaust channel. The solenoid valve has a first position, in which the inlet communicates with both of the outlets, a second position, in which the inlet communicates only with the aforementioned outlet connected to the actuator of an intake valve and does not communicate, instead, with the outlet connected to the exhaust channel, and a third position, in which the inlet does not communicate with any of the two outlets.
대표청구항▼
1. An internal-combustion engine, comprising, for each cylinder: a combustion chamber;at least two intake ducts and at least one exhaust duct, which give out into said combustion chamber;at least two intake valves and at least one exhaust valve, which are associated to said intake and exhaust ducts
1. An internal-combustion engine, comprising, for each cylinder: a combustion chamber;at least two intake ducts and at least one exhaust duct, which give out into said combustion chamber;at least two intake valves and at least one exhaust valve, which are associated to said intake and exhaust ducts and are provided with respective return springs that push them into a closed position;a camshaft for actuating the intake valves, by means of respective tappets;wherein each intake valve is controlled by the respective tappet against the action of the aforesaid return spring by interposition of hydraulic means including a pressurized-fluid chamber facing which is a pumping plunger connected to the tappet of the valve, said pressurized-fluid chamber being designed to communicate with the chamber of a hydraulic actuator associated to each intake valve;a single solenoid valve, associated to the intake valves of each cylinder and designed to set in communication said pressurized-fluid chamber with an exhaust channel in order to decouple the intake valve from the respective tappet and cause fast closing of the intake valves as a result of the respective return springs; andelectronic control means, for controlling said solenoid valve so as to vary the instant of opening and/or the instant of closing and the lift of each intake valve as a function of one or more operating parameters of the engine,wherein the solenoid valve associated to each cylinder is a three-way, three-position solenoid valve, comprising:an inlet permanently communicating with said pressurized-fluid chamber and with an actuator of an intake valve; andtwo outlets communicating, respectively, with an actuator of a second intake valve and with said exhaust channel,said solenoid valve having the following three operating positions:a first position, in which the inlet communicates with both of the outlets so that the pressurized-fluid chamber, i.e., the actuators of both of the intake valves are set in a discharging condition, and the intake valves are both kept closed by their return springs;a second position, in which the inlet communicates only with the outlet connected to the actuator of the second intake valve and does not communicate, instead, with the outlet connected to the exhaust channel, so that the pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, the actuators of both of the intake valves communicate with the pressurized-fluid chamber, and the intake valves are hence both active; anda third position, in which the inlet does not communicate with any of the two outlets, so that the aforesaid pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, and the aforesaid first intake valve is active, whilst the second intake valve is isolated from the pressurized-fluid chamber and from the exhaust channel,said electronic control means being programmed for implementing, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which:said solenoid valve is brought into said second position in an active phase of the tappet, in which the tappet tends to cause opening of the second intake valve so that said second intake valve opens;said solenoid valve is then brought from said second position into said third position when said active phase of the tappet in which said tappet governs opening of the second intake valve is still in progress, so that the hydraulic actuator of the second intake valve remains isolated and the second intake valve remains blocked in the open position in which it is; andsaid solenoid valve is kept in said third position even after the end of said active phase of the tappet, so that the second intake valve remains blocked in said open position even when the tappet no longer tends to keep it open. 2. The engine according to claim 1, wherein said solenoid valve comprises: a valve body with a first mouth, a second mouth, and a third mouth that can be used for constituting one said inlet and the others said outlets of said solenoid valve;a first valve element and a second valve element that co-operate, respectively, with a first valve seat and with a second valve seat;spring means tending to keep said first and second valve elements in an opening position, at a distance from the respective valve seats; anda solenoid configured for being supplied with a first level of electric current or with a second level of electric current, to bring about, respectively, closing only of said first valve element against said first valve seat or closing of both of said first and second valve elements against the respective valve seats. 3. The engine according to claim 2, wherein: said first valve element and said first valve seat are prearranged for controlling the passage of fluid from said first mouth to said third mouth; andsaid second valve element and said second valve seat are prearranged for controlling the passage of fluid from said first mouth to said second mouth. 4. The engine according to claim 3, wherein said first and second valve elements share the same axis and are hydraulically balanced. 5. The engine according to claim 4, wherein said second valve seat is defined on said first valve element. 6. The engine according to claim 1, wherein said electronic control means are programmed for implementing, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a further mode of control of said solenoid valve in which the solenoid valve is brought into the aforesaid third position at the start of the aforesaid active phase of the respective tappet so as to cause initially only opening of said first intake valve and subsequently, in the course of said active phase of the tappet, said solenoid valve is brought into its second position so as to cause opening of said second intake valve with a delay with respect to opening of the first intake valve, said solenoid valve being kept in said second position up to the end of said active phase of the tappet. 7. The engine according to claim 1, wherein said electronic control means are programmed for implementing, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a further mode of control of said solenoid valve in which said solenoid valve is brought a number of times, within the aforesaid active phase of the tappet first into one of said second and third positions, then into the other of said second and third positions, and then into its first position, so that each of the two intake valves associated to each cylinder of the engine performs two or more subcycles of complete opening and closing during the active phase of the respective tappet, the subcycles of the two intake valves being differentiated from one another. 8. The engine according to claim 7, wherein said electronic control means are programmed so that in at least one of said subcycles, the solenoid valve is brought first into the aforesaid third position, then into the aforesaid second position, and then into the aforesaid first position, so that said subcycle initially comprises only opening of said first intake valve, then opening also of said second intake valve, and then closing of both of the intake valves. 9. The engine according to claim 7, wherein at least one of said subcycles initially envisages passage of the solenoid valve from its first position to its second position, then passage of the solenoid valve from its second position to its third position, and then return of the solenoid valve into its first position so that at the start of said subcycle both of the intake valves open, and subsequently the first intake valve closes completely, whilst the second intake valve remains blocked in the open position in which it is until the solenoid valve is brought back at the end of the subcycle into its first position. 10. The engine according to claim 1, wherein it comprises means for detecting or determining one or more parameters chosen from among: engine load, engine r.p.m., engine temperature, temperature of the engine coolant, temperature of the engine lubricating oil, temperature of the fluid used in the system for variable actuation of the engine valves, temperature of the actuators of the intake valves, and in that said electronic control means of the solenoid valves are programmed for executing one or more of the aforesaid modes for controlling the intake valves as a function of the signals of the aforesaid means for detecting or determining engine parameters. 11. An internal-combustion engine, comprising, for each cylinder: a combustion chamber;at least two intake ducts and at least one exhaust duct, which give out into said combustion chamber;at least two intake valves and at least one exhaust valve, which are associated to said intake and exhaust ducts and are provided with respective return springs that push them into a closed position;a camshaft for actuating the intake valves, by means of respective tappets;wherein each intake valve is controlled by the respective tappet against the action of the aforesaid return spring by interposition of hydraulic means including a pressurized-fluid chamber facing which is a pumping plunger connected to the tappet of the valve, said pressurized-fluid chamber being designed to communicate with the chamber of a hydraulic actuator associated to each intake valve;a single solenoid valve, associated to the intake valves of each cylinder and designed to set in communication said pressurized-fluid chamber with an exhaust channel in order to decouple the intake valve from the respective tappet and cause fast closing of the intake valves as a result of the respective return springs; andelectronic control means, for controlling said solenoid valve so as to vary the instant of opening and/or the instant of closing and the lift of each intake valve as a function of one or more operating parameters of the engine,wherein the solenoid valve associated to each cylinder is a three-way, three-position solenoid valve, comprising:an inlet permanently communicating with said pressurized-fluid chamber and with an actuator of an intake valve; andtwo outlets communicating, respectively, with an actuator of a second intake valve and with said exhaust channel,said solenoid valve having the following three operating positions:a first position, in which the inlet communicates with both of the outlets so that the pressurized-fluid chamber, i.e., the actuators of both of the intake valves are set in a discharging condition, and the intake valves are both kept closed by their return springs;a second position, in which the inlet communicates only with the outlet connected to the actuator of the second intake valve and does not communicate, instead, with the outlet connected to the exhaust channel, so that the pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, the actuators of both of the intake valves communicate with the pressurized-fluid chamber, and the intake valves are hence both active; anda third position, in which the inlet does not communicate with any of the two outlets, so that the aforesaid pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, and the aforesaid first intake valve is active, whilst the second intake valve is isolated from the pressurized-fluid chamber and from the exhaust channel,said electronic control means being programmed for implementing, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which the solenoid valve is brought into the aforesaid third position at the start of the aforesaid active phase of the respective tappet so as to cause initially only opening of said first intake valve and subsequently, in the course of said active phase of the tappet, said solenoid valve is brought into its second position so as to cause opening of said second intake valve with a delay with respect to opening of the first intake valve, said solenoid valve being kept in said second position up to the end of said active phase of the tappet. 12. An internal-combustion engine, comprising, for each cylinder: a combustion chamber;at least two intake ducts and at least one exhaust duct, which give out into said combustion chamber;at least two intake valves and at least one exhaust valve, which are associated to said intake and exhaust ducts and are provided with respective return springs that push them into a closed position;a camshaft for actuating the intake valves, by means of respective tappets;wherein each intake valve is controlled by the respective tappet against the action of the aforesaid return spring by interposition of hydraulic means including a pressurized-fluid chamber facing which is a pumping plunger connected to the tappet of the valve, said pressurized-fluid chamber being designed to communicate with the chamber of a hydraulic actuator associated to each intake valve;a single solenoid valve, associated to the intake valves of each cylinder and designed to set in communication said pressurized-fluid chamber with an exhaust channel in order to decouple the intake valve from the respective tappet and cause fast closing of the intake valves as a result of the respective return springs; andelectronic control means, for controlling said solenoid valve so as to vary the instant of opening and/or the instant of closing and the lift of each intake valve as a function of one or more operating parameters of the engine,wherein the solenoid valve associated to each cylinder is a three-way, three-position solenoid valve, comprising:an inlet permanently communicating with said pressurized-fluid chamber and with an actuator of an intake valve; andtwo outlets communicating, respectively, with an actuator of a second intake valve and with said exhaust channel,said solenoid valve having the following three operating positions:a first position, in which the inlet communicates with both of the outlets so that the pressurized-fluid chamber, i.e., the actuators of both of the intake valves are set in a discharging condition, and the intake valves are both kept closed by their return springs;a second position, in which the inlet communicates only with the outlet connected to the actuator of the second intake valve and does not communicate, instead, with the outlet connected to the exhaust channel, so that the pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, the actuators of both of the intake valves communicate with the pressurized-fluid chamber, and the intake valves are hence both active; anda third position, in which the inlet does not communicate with any of the two outlets, so that the aforesaid pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, and the aforesaid first intake valve is active, whilst the second intake valve is isolated from the pressurized-fluid chamber and from the exhaust channel,said electronic control means being programmed for implementing, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which said solenoid valve is brought a number of times, within the aforesaid active phase of the tappet first into one of said second and third positions, then into the other of said second and third positions, and then into its first position, so that each of the two intake valves associated to each cylinder of the engine performs two or more subcycles of complete opening and closing during the active phase of the respective tappet, the subcycles of the two intake valves being differentiated from one another. 13. The engine according to claim 12, wherein said electronic control means are programmed so that in at least one of said subcycles, the solenoid valve is brought first into the aforesaid third position, then into the aforesaid second position, and then into the aforesaid first position, so that said subcycle initially comprises only opening of said first intake valve, then opening also of said second intake valve, and then closing of both of the intake valves. 14. The engine according to claim 12, wherein at least one of said subcycles initially envisages passage of the solenoid valve from its first position to its second position, then passage of the solenoid valve from its second position to its third position, and then return of the solenoid valve into its first position so that at the start of said subcycle both of the intake valves open, and subsequently the first intake valve closes completely, whilst the second intake valve remains blocked in the open position in which it is until the solenoid valve is brought back at the end of the subcycle into its first position. 15. A method for controlling an internal-combustion engine, wherein said engine comprises, for each cylinder: a combustion chamber;at least two intake ducts and at least one exhaust duct, which give out into said combustion chamber;at least two intake valves and at least one exhaust valve, which are associated to said intake and exhaust ducts and are provided with respective return springs that push them into a closed position;a camshaft for actuating the intake valves, by means of respective tappets;wherein each intake valve is controlled by the respective tappet against the action of the aforesaid return spring by interposition of hydraulic means including a pressurized-fluid chamber facing which is a pumping plunger connected to the tappet of the valve, said pressurized-fluid chamber being designed to communicate with the chamber of a hydraulic actuator associated to each intake valve;a single solenoid valve, associated to the intake valves of each cylinder and designed to set in communication said pressurized-fluid chamber with an exhaust channel in order to decouple the intake valve from the respective tappet and cause fast closing of the intake valves as a result of the respective return springs; andelectronic control means, for controlling said solenoid valve so as to vary the instant of opening and/or the instant of closing and the lift of each intake valve as a function of one or more operating parameters of the engine,wherein the solenoid valve associated to each cylinder is a three-way, three-position solenoid valve, comprising:an inlet permanently communicating with said pressurized-fluid chamber and with an actuator of an intake valve; andtwo outlets communicating, respectively, with an actuator of a second intake valve and with said exhaust channel,said solenoid valve having the following three operating positions:a first position, in which the inlet communicates with both of the outlets so that the pressurized-fluid chamber, i.e., the actuators of both of the intake valves are set in a discharging condition, and the intake valves are both kept closed by their return springs;a second position, in which the inlet communicates only with the outlet connected to the actuator of the second intake valve and does not communicate, instead, with the outlet connected to the exhaust channel, so that the pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, the actuators of both of the intake valves communicate with the pressurized-fluid chamber, and the intake valves are hence both active; anda third position, in which the inlet does not communicate with any of the two outlets, so that the aforesaid pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, and the aforesaid first intake valve is active, whilst the second intake valve is isolated from the pressurized-fluid chamber and from the exhaust channel,said method being moreover characterized in that said electronic control means implement, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which:said solenoid valve is brought into said second position in an active phase of the tappet, in which the tappet tends to cause opening of the second intake valve so that said second intake valve opens;said solenoid valve is then brought from said second position into said third position when said step in which said tappet governs opening of the second intake valve is still in progress, so that the hydraulic actuator of the second intake valve remains isolated and the second intake valve remains blocked in the open position in which it is; andsaid solenoid valve is kept in said third position even after the end of said active phase of the tappet, so that the second intake valve remains blocked in said open position even when the tappet no longer tends to keep it open. 16. The control method according to claim 15, wherein said electronic control means implement, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a further mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which the solenoid valve is brought into the aforesaid third position at the start of the aforesaid active phase of the respective tappet so as to cause initially only opening of said first intake valve and subsequently, in the course of said active phase of the tappet, said solenoid valve is brought into its second position so as to cause opening of said second intake valve with a delay with respect to opening of the first intake valve, said solenoid valve being kept in said second position up to the end of said active phase of the tappet. 17. The control method according to claim 15, wherein said electronic control means implement, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a further mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which said solenoid valve is brought a number of times, within the aforesaid active phase of the tappet, first into one of said second and third positions, then into the other of said second and third positions, and then into its first position, so that each of the two intake valves associated to each cylinder of the engine perform two or more complete subcycles of opening and closing during the active phase of the respective tappet, the subcycles of the two intake valves being differentiated from one another. 18. The control method according to claim 17, wherein in at least one of said subcycles, the solenoid valve is brought first into the aforesaid third position, then into the aforesaid second position, and then into the aforesaid first position, so that said subcycle initially comprises only opening of said first intake valve, then opening also of said second intake valve and then the closing of both of the intake valves. 19. The control method according to claim 17, wherein at least one of said subcycles initially envisages passage of the solenoid valve from its first position to its second position, then passage of the solenoid valve from its second position to its third position and then return of the solenoid valve into its first position so that at the start of said subcycle both of the intake valves open and subsequently the first intake valve closes completely, whilst the second intake valve remains blocked in the open position in which it is, until the solenoid valve is brought back into its first position at the end of the subcycle. 20. The method according to claim 15, wherein said electronic control means for control of the solenoid valves are programmed for executing one or more of the aforesaid modes of control of the intake valves as a function of the operating conditions of the engine, said operating conditions being identified on the basis of one or more parameters chosen from among: engine load, engine r.p.m., engine temperature, temperature of the engine coolant, temperature of the engine lubricating oil, temperature of the fluid used in the system for variable actuation of the engine valves, and temperature of the actuators of the intake valves. 21. A method for controlling an internal-combustion engine, wherein said engine comprises, for each cylinder: a combustion chamber;at least two intake ducts and at least one exhaust duct, which give out into said combustion chamber;at least two intake valves and at least one exhaust valve, which are associated to said intake and exhaust ducts and are provided with respective return springs that push them into a closed position;a camshaft for actuating the intake valves, by means of respective tappets;wherein each intake valve is controlled by the respective tappet against the action of the aforesaid return spring by interposition of hydraulic means including a pressurized-fluid chamber facing which is a pumping plunger connected to the tappet of the valve, said pressurized-fluid chamber being designed to communicate with the chamber of a hydraulic actuator associated to each intake valve;a single solenoid valve, associated to the intake valves of each cylinder and designed to set in communication said pressurized-fluid chamber with an exhaust channel in order to decouple the intake valve from the respective tappet and cause fast closing of the intake valves as a result of the respective return springs; andelectronic control means, for controlling said solenoid valve so as to vary the instant of opening and/or the instant of closing and the lift of each intake valve as a function of one or more operating parameters of the engine,where the solenoid valve associated to each cylinder is a three-way, three-position solenoid valve, comprising:an inlet permanently communicating with said pressurized-fluid chamber and with an actuator of an intake valve; andtwo outlets communicating, respectively, with an actuator of a second intake valve and with said exhaust channel,said solenoid valve having the following three operating positions:a first position, in which the inlet communicates with both of the outlets so that the pressurized-fluid chamber, i.e., the actuators of both of the intake valves are set in a discharging condition, and the intake valves are both kept closed by their return springs;a second position, in which the inlet communicates only with the outlet connected to the actuator of the second intake valve and does not communicate, instead, with the outlet connected to the exhaust channel, so that the pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, the actuators of both of the intake valves communicate with the pressurized-fluid chamber, and the intake valves are hence both active; anda third position, in which the inlet does not communicate with any of the two outlets, so that the aforesaid pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, and the aforesaid first intake valve is active, whilst the second intake valve is isolated from the pressurized-fluid chamber and from the exhaust channel,said method being moreover characterized in that said electronic control means implement, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which the solenoid valve is brought into the aforesaid third position at the start of the aforesaid active phase of the respective tappet so as to cause initially only opening of said first intake valve and subsequently, in the course of said active phase of the tappet, said solenoid valve is brought into its second position so as to cause opening of said second intake valve with a delay with respect to opening of the first intake valve, said solenoid valve being kept in said second position up to the end of said active phase of the tappet. 22. A method for controlling an internal-combustion engine, wherein said engine comprises, for each cylinder: a combustion chamber;at least two intake ducts and at least one exhaust duct, which give out into said combustion chamber;at least two intake valves and at least one exhaust valve, which are associated to said intake and exhaust ducts and are provided with respective return springs that push them into a closed position;a camshaft for actuating the intake valves, by means of respective tappets—wherein each intake valve is controlled by the respective tappet against the action of the aforesaid return spring by interposition of hydraulic means including a pressurized-fluid chamber facing which is a pumping plunger connected to the tappet of the valve, said pressurized-fluid chamber being designed to communicate with the chamber of a hydraulic actuator associated to each intake valve;a single solenoid valve, associated to the intake valves of each cylinder and designed to set in communication said pressurized-fluid chamber with an exhaust channel in order to decouple the intake valve from the respective tappet and cause fast closing of the intake valves as a result of the respective return springs; andelectronic control means, for controlling said solenoid valve so as to vary the instant of opening and/or the instant of closing and the lift of each intake valve as a function of one or more operating parameters of the engine,wherein the solenoid valve associated to each cylinder is a three-way, three-position solenoid valve, comprising:an inlet permanently communicating with said pressurized-fluid chamber and with an actuator of an intake valve; andtwo outlets communicating, respectively, with an actuator of a second intake valve and with said exhaust channel,said solenoid valve having the following three operating positions:a first position, in which the inlet communicates with both of the outlets so that the pressurized-fluid chamber, i.e., the actuators of both of the intake valves are set in a discharging condition, and the intake valves are both kept closed by their return springs;a second position, in which the inlet communicates only with the outlet connected to the actuator of the second intake valve and does not communicate, instead, with the outlet connected to the exhaust channel, so that the pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, the actuators of both of the intake valves communicate with the pressurized-fluid chamber, and the intake valves are hence both active; anda third position, in which the inlet does not communicate with any of the two outlets, so that the aforesaid pressurized-fluid chamber is isolated from the exhaust channel, and the aforesaid first intake valve is active, whilst the second intake valve is isolated from the pressurized-fluid chamber and from the exhaust channel,said method being moreover characterized in that said electronic control means implement, in one or more given operating conditions of the engine, a mode of control of said solenoid valve, in which said solenoid valve is brought a number of times, within the aforesaid active phase of the tappet, first into one of said second and third positions, then into the other of said second and third positions, and then into its first position, so that each of the two intake valves associated to each cylinder of the engine perform two or more complete subcycles of opening and closing during the active phase of the respective tappet, the subcycles of the two intake valves being differentiated from one another. 23. The control method according to claim 22, wherein in at least one of said subcycles, the solenoid valve is brought first into the aforesaid third position, then into the aforesaid second position, and then into the aforesaid first position, so that said subcycle initially comprises only opening of said first intake valve, then opening also of said second intake valve and then the closing of both of the intake valves. 24. The control method according to claim 22, wherein at least one of said subcycles initially envisages passage of the solenoid valve from its first position to its second position, then passage of the solenoid valve from its second position to its third position and then return of the solenoid valve into its first position so that at the start of said subcycle both of the intake valves open and subsequently the first intake valve closes completely, whilst the second intake valve remains blocked in the open position in which it is, until the solenoid valve is brought back into its first position at the end of the subcycle.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (4)
Stutzenberger Heinz (Vaihingen/Enz DEX), Electrohydraulic valve control device for internal combustion engines.
Stucchi, Sergio; De Michele, Onofrio; Ricco, Raffael; Gargano, Marcello; Vattaneo, Francesco; Lepore, Domenico, Internal-combustion engine having a system for variable actuation of the intake valves, provided with three-way solenoid valves.
Stucchi, Sergio; Ricco, Raffaele; De Michele, Onofrio; Gargano, Marcello; Altamura, Chiara; Mazzarella, Carlo, Internal-combustion engine having a system for variable actuation of the intake values, provided with three-way solenoid valves, and method for controlling said engine in “single-lift” mode.
Stucchi, Sergio; Ricco, Raffaele; De Michele, Onofrio; Gargano, Marcello; Mazzarella, Carlo; Altamura, Chiara, Internal-combustion engine having a system for variable actuation of the intake valves, provided with an electrically actuated valve having two ways and three positions.
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