Internally cooled high compression lean-burning internal combustion engine
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F02B-047/02
F02M-025/03
F02M-025/022
F02M-025/025
F02M-025/035
F01P-003/00
출원번호
US-0598935
(2015-01-16)
등록번호
US-9194339
(2015-11-24)
발명자
/ 주소
Mulye, Nirmal
출원인 / 주소
Nostrum Energy Pte, Otd.
대리인 / 주소
Scully, Scott, Murphy & Presser, P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
46
초록▼
An internally cooled internal combustion piston engine and method of operating a piston engine is provided, with the combination of liquid water injection, higher compression ratios than conventional engines, and leaner air fuel mixtures than conventional engines. The effective compression ratio of
An internally cooled internal combustion piston engine and method of operating a piston engine is provided, with the combination of liquid water injection, higher compression ratios than conventional engines, and leaner air fuel mixtures than conventional engines. The effective compression ratio of the engines herein is greater than 13:1. The engines may employ gasoline or natural gas and use spark ignition, or the engines may employ a diesel-type fuel and use compression ignition. The liquid water injection provides internal cooling, reducing or eliminating the heat rejection to the radiator, reduces engine knock, and reduces NOx emissions. The method of engine operation using internal cooling with liquid water injection, high compression ratio and lean air fuel mixture allow for more complete and efficient combustion and therefore better thermal efficiency as compared to conventional engines.
대표청구항▼
1. An internal combustion engine for use with a hydrocarbon fuel with at least one cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, at least one air intake valve, at least one exhaust valve, and a fuel handling system with at least one fuel injector, said engine comprising: a water injector coupled to a
1. An internal combustion engine for use with a hydrocarbon fuel with at least one cylinder and a reciprocating piston therein, at least one air intake valve, at least one exhaust valve, and a fuel handling system with at least one fuel injector, said engine comprising: a water injector coupled to a water source for injecting liquid water into the cylinder;a programmed control device configured for controlling internal combustion engine operations, said programmed control device receiving one or more real-time temperature values in said engine and responsively adjusting an amount of water injected and an air to fuel ratio provided to the said at least one cylinder, said programmed control device controlling actuation of said liquid water injector to inject an amount of liquid water into the cylinder at a time from about 1800 to about 300 before Top Dead Center (TDC) of said piston during a compression stroke, said liquid water injector injecting an amount of water greater than the amount of water that is present at the saturation point of water vapor in the ambient air in the cylinder and up to about 800% w/w of the amount of fuel being injected in the engine cylinder; andwherein the air to fuel ratio provided to said at least one cylinder is greater than stoichiometric, and the engine has an effective volume compression ratio greater than about 13:1. 2. The engine of claim 1, wherein, the fuel or water or both are directly injected into the cylinder. 3. The engine of claim 1, wherein the fuel is port injected into an intake manifold in fluid communication with the at least one air intake valve. 4. The engine of claim 3, wherein the liquid water is heated prior to injection directly into the cylinder, such that the temperature of the injected water ranges from about 40° C. to about 80° C. 5. The engine of claim 1, wherein an amount of water injected in an engine cycle is about 1.05 to about 10 times an amount of water vapor carried by air saturated with water vapor at ambient temperature of about 25° C. at an engine intake. 6. The engine of claim 1, wherein an amount of water injected in an engine cycle is about 20% w/w to about 800% w/w of the amount of fuel being injected in the engine cylinder. 7. The engine of claim 1, wherein the engine is a compression ignition engine. 8. The engine of claim 1, wherein the effective compression ratio is greater than about 15:1. 9. The engine of claim 1, wherein the effective compression ratio is greater than about 20:1. 10. The engine of claim 1, further comprising: a temperature sensor in the cylinder coupled to the control device for sensing a real-time temperature value in said cylinder;a temperature sensor in the exhaust manifold coupled to the control device for sensing a real-time temperature value of combustion exhaust products, andsaid programmed control device receiving one or more real-time temperature values from said temperature sensors for said adjusting. 11. The engine of claim 10, wherein a fuel/air mixture is modulated in response to the sensed temperature values and power output requirement of the engine. 12. The engine of claim 1, wherein the liquid water is direct injected into the cylinder as a continuous stream, as intermittent injection, or as an atomized spray, said atomized spray being finely atomized or coarsely atomized. 13. The engine of claim 1, further comprising a radiator containing a fluid coolant, wherein a sufficient amount of liquid water is injected into the cylinder so that the heat generated from the engine rejected to the coolant is reduced by at least 20% as compared to the engine run without water injection. 14. The engine of claim 1 further comprising a heat exchanger for transferring heat from the exhaust manifold or cylinder or both to provide pre-heating of water, fuel and inlet air. 15. The engine of claim 1, wherein a fuel/air mixture at said air to fuel ratio is created by mixing the fuel and air prior to injection into the cylinder. 16. The engine of claim 1, further comprising a turbocharger or supercharger that adjustably modulates a quantity of air forced into an intake manifold or the cylinder. 17. The engine of claim 1, wherein the air to fuel ratio greater than stoichiometric is expressed as a value λ, said λ being about 1.2 or greater. 18. The engine of claim 17, wherein λ is greater than about 1.5. 19. The engine of claim 17, wherein λ is adjustable within the range of about 1.2 to about 8.0. 20. The engine of claim 1, wherein a fuel/air mixture is heated to a value ranging from about 30° C. to about 80° C. before the injection of water. 21. The engine of claim 1, wherein the fuel is natural gas, methane, ethane, n-propane, or isopropane, or a mixture thereof, or said fuel is selected from gasoline, or a gasoline and alcohol blend.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (46)
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