Production of chemicals and fuels from biomass
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C07C-001/00
C10G-003/00
C10L-001/04
C10L-001/06
C10L-001/08
출원번호
US-0479004
(2012-05-23)
등록번호
US-9212320
(2015-12-15)
발명자
/ 주소
Woods, Elizabeth M.
Qiao, Ming
Myren, Paul
Cortright, Randy D.
Kania, John
출원인 / 주소
Virent, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Quarles & Brady LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
9
초록▼
Described are methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting biomass to fuels and chemicals in a batch and/or continuous process. The process generally involves the conversion of water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenate
Described are methods, reactor systems, and catalysts for converting biomass to fuels and chemicals in a batch and/or continuous process. The process generally involves the conversion of water insoluble components of biomass, such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, to volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates, such as alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, esters, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and mixtures thereof. In certain applications, the volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates can be collected and used as a final chemical product, or used in downstream processes to produce liquid fuels, chemicals and other products.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of converting biomass to biomass-derived fuels and chemicals, the method comprising: providing a biomass feed stream comprising a solvent and a solid biomass component comprising cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin;catalytically reacting the biomass feed stream with hydrogen and a deconst
1. A method of converting biomass to biomass-derived fuels and chemicals, the method comprising: providing a biomass feed stream comprising a solvent and a solid biomass component comprising cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin;catalytically reacting the biomass feed stream with hydrogen and a deconstruction catalyst at a deconstruction temperature and a deconstruction pressure to produce a product stream comprising a vapor phase, a liquid phase and a solid phase, the vapor phase comprising one or more volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates, the liquid phase comprising water and one or more C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons, and the solid phase comprising one or more extractives selected from the group consisting of ash components, color bodies, proteinaceous materials and inorganic products;separating the volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates from the liquid phase and solid phase; andcatalytically reacting the volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce a C4+ compound comprising a member selected from the group consisting of C4+ alcohol, C4+ ketone, C4+ alkane, C4+ alkene, C5+ cycloalkane, C5+ cycloalkene, aryl, fused aryl, and a mixture thereof. 2. The method of claim 1, the solvent comprising one or more members selected from the group consisting of water, in situ generated C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons, recycled C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons, bioreforming solvents, organic solvents, organic acids, and a mixture thereof. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the solid phase further comprises the deconstruction catalyst. 4. The method of claim 3 further comprising the steps of: separating the deconstruction catalyst from the liquid solid phase;washing the deconstruction catalyst in one or more washing medium;regenerating the deconstruction catalyst in the presence of oxygen or hydrogen, at a regenerating pressure and regenerating temperature wherein carbonaceous deposits are removed from the deconstruction catalyst; andreintroducing the deconstruction catalyst to react with the biomass feed stream. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the washing medium comprises a liquid selected from the group consisting of water, an acid, a base, a chelating agent, alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, hydroxyketones, aromatics, alkanes, and combinations thereof. 6. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of washing the deconstruction catalyst comprises a first step of washing the deconstruction catalysts with a first washing solvent and a second step of washing the deconstruction catalyst with a second washing solvent. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein the first washing solvent comprises a liquid selected from the group consisting of water, an acid, a base, a chelating agent, and combinations thereof, and the second washing solvent comprises a liquid selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, hydroxyketones, aromatics, alkanes, and combinations thereof. 8. The method of claim 6 wherein the first washing solvent comprises a liquid selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ketones, cyclic ethers, hydroxyketones, aromatics, alkanes, and combinations thereof, and the second washing solvent comprises a liquid selected from the group consisting of water, an acid, a base, a chelating agent, and combinations thereof. 9. The method of claim 4 wherein the regeneration temperature is in the range of about 120° C. to about 450° C., and is adjusted at a rate of about 20° C. per hour to about 60° C. per hour. 10. The method of claim 4 wherein the regeneration of the deconstruction catalyst further comprises providing a gas stream comprising an inert gas and oxygen, the inert gas provided at a gas flow of between 600-1200 ml gas/ml catalyst per hour and the oxygen provided at a concentration of 0.5-10% of the gas stream. 11. The method of claim 4 wherein more than 90% of the carbonaceous deposits are removed from the deconstruction catalyst. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the biomass component comprises at least one member selected from the group including recycled fibers, corn stover, bagasse, switch grass, miscanthus, sorghum, wood, wood waste, agricultural waste, algae, and municipal waste. 13. The method of claim 1 wherein the deconstruction catalyst comprises an acidic support or a basic support. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the deconstruction catalyst comprises a support and a member selected from the group consisting of Ru, Co, Rh, Pd, Ni, Mo, and alloys thereof. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the deconstruction catalyst further comprises a member selected from the group consisting of Pt, Re, Fe, Ir, Cu, Mn, Cr, Mo, B, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Y, La, Sc, Zn, Cd, Ag, Au, Sn, Ge, P, Al, Ga, In, Tl, and alloys thereof. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the support is modified by treating the support with a modifier selected from the group consisting of tungsten, titania, sulfate, phosphate, or silica. 17. The method of claim 14 wherein the support comprises a member selected from group consisting of a nitride, carbon, silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, vanadia, ceria, boron nitride, heteropolyacid, kieselguhr, hydroxyapatite, zinc oxide, chromia, zeolites, tungstated zirconia, titania zirconia, sulfated zirconia, phosphated zirconia, acidic alumina, silica-alumina, sulfated alumina, phosphated alumina, theta alumina, and mixtures thereof. 18. The method of claim 1 wherein the deconstruction temperature is in the range of about 120° C. to 350° C. 19. The method of claim 1 wherein the deconstruction pressure is in the range of about 300 psi to 2500 psi. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the condensation catalyst comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Ni, Fe, Co, Ru, Zn, Cd, Ga, In, Rh, Pd, Ir, Re, Mn, Cr, Mo, W, Sn, Os, an alloy thereof, and a combination thereof. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the condensation catalyst further comprises a modifier selected from the group consisting of Ce, La, Y, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, P, B, Bi, and a combination thereof. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the condensation catalyst comprises a member selected from the group consisting of an acidic alumina, aluminum phosphate, silica-alumina phosphate, amorphous silica-alumina, sulfated alumina, theta alumina, aluminosilicate, zeolites, zirconia, sulfated zirconia, tungstated zirconia, titania zirconia, phosphated zirconia, tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide, titania, sulfated carbon, phosphated carbon, phosphated silica, phosphated alumina, acidic resin, heteropolyacid, inorganic acid, and a combination thereof. 23. The method of claim 1, wherein the C4+ compound is benzene, toluene or xylene. 24. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen is selected from the group consisting of external hydrogen, recycled hydrogen or in situ generated hydrogen. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the in situ generated hydrogen is derived from the C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons. 26. A chemical composition comprising a C4+ compound derived from the method of claim 1. 27. A method of converting biomass to biomass-derived fuels and chemicals, the method comprising: providing a biomass feed stream comprising a solvent and a biomass component, the solvent comprising one or more members selected from the group consisting of water, in situ generated C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons, recycled C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons, bioreforming solvents, organic solvents, organic acids, and a mixture thereof, and the biomass component comprising cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin;catalytically reacting the biomass feed stream with hydrogen and a deconstruction catalyst at a deconstruction temperature and a deconstruction pressure to produce a product stream comprising a vapor phase, a liquid phase and a solid phase, the vapor phase comprising one or more volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates, the liquid phase comprising water and one or more C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons, the solid phase comprising one or more extractives selected from the group consisting of ash components, color bodies, proteinaceous materials and inorganic products, and the deconstruction catalyst comprising a support and a first member selected from the group consisting of Ru, Co, Rh, Pd, Ni, Mo, and alloys thereof, and at least one additional member selected from the group consisting of Pt, Re, Fe, Ir, Cu, Mn, Cr, Mo, B, W, V, Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, Y, La, Sc, Zn, Cd, Ag, Au, Sn, Ge, P, Al, Ga, In, Tl, and alloys thereof;separating the volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates from the liquid phase and solid phase; andcatalytically reacting the volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce a C4+ compound comprising a member selected from the group consisting of C4+ alcohol, C4+ ketone, C4+ alkane, C4+ alkene, C5+ cycloalkane, C5+ cycloalkene, aryl, fused aryl, and a mixture thereof. 28. A gasoline composition comprising a gasoline fraction derived from the method of claim 1. 29. A kerosene composition comprising a kerosene fraction derived from the method of claim 1. 30. A diesel composition comprising a diesel fraction derived from the method of claim 1. 31. A method of converting biomass to biomass-derived fuels and chemicals, the method comprising: providing a biomass feed stream comprising a solvent and a biomass component comprising cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin;catalytically reacting the biomass feed stream with hydrogen and a deconstruction catalyst at a deconstruction temperature and a deconstruction pressure to produce a product stream comprising a vapor phase, a liquid phase and a solid phase, the vapor phase comprising one or more volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates, the liquid phase comprising water and one or more C2+O2+ oxygenated hydrocarbons, and the solid phase comprising one or more extractives selected from the group consisting of ash components, color bodies, proteinaceous materials and inorganic products;separating the volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates from the liquid phase and solid phase;catalytically reacting the volatile C2+O1-2 oxygenates in the presence of a condensation catalyst at a condensation temperature and condensation pressure to produce a product mixture comprising two or more C4+ compounds selected from the group consisting of a C4+ alcohol, a C4+ ketone, a C4+ alkane, a C4+ alkene, a C5+ cycloalkane, a C5+ cycloalkene, a aryl, and a fused aryl; anddistilling the product mixture to provide a composition selected from the group consisting of an aromatic fraction, a gasoline fraction, a kerosene fraction and a diesel fraction. 32. The method of claim 31 wherein the aromatic fraction comprises benzene, toluene or xylene. 33. The method of claim 31 wherein the gasoline fraction has a final boiling point in the range of from 150° C. to 220° C., a density at 15° C. in the range of from 700 to 890 kg/m3, a RON in the range of from 80 to 110, and a MON in the range of from 70 to 100. 34. The method of claim 31 wherein the kerosene fraction has an initial boiling point in the range of from 120° C. to 215° C., a final boiling point in the range of from 220° C. to 320° C., a density at 15° C. in the range of from 700 to 890 kg/m3, a freeze point of −40° C. or lower, a smoke point of at least 18 mm, and a viscosity at −20° C. in the range of from 1 to 10 cSt. 35. The method of claim 31 wherein the diesel fraction has a T95 in the range of from 220° C. to 380° C., a flash point in the range of from 30° C. to 70° C., a density at 15° C. in the range of from 700 to 900 kg/m3, and a viscosity at 40° C. in the range of from 0.5 to 6 cSt. 36. The chemical composition of claim 26 wherein the C4+ compound is benzene, toluene or xylene.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (9)
Dumesic, James A.; Ruiz, Juan Carlos Serrano; West, Ryan M., Catalytic conversion of cellulose to liquid hydrocarbon fuels by progressive removal of oxygen to facilitate separation processes and achieve high selectivities.
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