Apparatus for the pretreatment and subsequent plastification of plastic material with melt filter
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B29C-047/10
B29B-013/10
B01F-015/02
B29B-017/00
B29B-017/04
B29B-007/66
B29C-047/00
B02C-018/08
B02C-018/12
B29C-047/38
B29C-047/60
B29C-047/64
B29C-047/58
B29C-047/68
B29C-047/76
B29C-047/40
B29K-105/26
출원번호
US-0351710
(2012-10-12)
등록번호
US-9216522
(2015-12-22)
우선권정보
AT-A 1505/2011 (2011-10-14)
국제출원번호
PCT/AT2012/050157
(2012-10-12)
국제공개번호
WO2013/052985
(2013-04-18)
발명자
/ 주소
Feichtinger, Klaus
Hackl, Manfred
출원인 / 주소
EREMA ENGINEERING RECYCLING MASCHINEN UND ANLAGEN GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H.
대리인 / 주소
Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
21
초록▼
Disclosed is an apparatus for processing of plastics, with a container with a mixing implement, and a conveyor provided with a screw rotating in a housing, the housing being divided into two chambers, the frontal chamber having an intake aperture, and the rearward chamber having at least one degassi
Disclosed is an apparatus for processing of plastics, with a container with a mixing implement, and a conveyor provided with a screw rotating in a housing, the housing being divided into two chambers, the frontal chamber having an intake aperture, and the rearward chamber having at least one degassing aperture, the two chambers being connected to one another through a channel having a melt filter, wherein the imaginary continuation of the longitudinal axis of the conveyor in a direction opposite to the direction of conveying passes the axis of rotation, wherein the distance from the opening of the channel into the rearward chamber to the degassing aperture is in a range from 1.5 to 15 times the nominal diameter (d) of the screw.
대표청구항▼
1. An apparatus for the pretreatment and subsequent plastification of plastics, waste for recycling purposes, with a container (1) for the material to be processed, wherein at least one mixing and/or comminution implement (3) which is rotatable around an axis (10) of rotation and which is intended f
1. An apparatus for the pretreatment and subsequent plastification of plastics, waste for recycling purposes, with a container (1) for the material to be processed, wherein at least one mixing and/or comminution implement (3) which is rotatable around an axis (10) of rotation and which is intended for the mixing, heating and optionally comminution of the plastics material is in the container (1), where an aperture (8) through which the pretreated plastics material can be removed from the interior of the container (1) is formed in a side wall (9) of the container (1) in the region of the level of the, or of a lowest, mixing and/or comminution implement (3) that is closest to a base of the container (1),where at least one extruder or compactor (5) is provided to receive the pretreated material, and has at least one screw (6) which rotates in a housing (16) and which has plastifying action, where the housing (16) has, located at its end (7) or in its jacket wall, an intake aperture (80) for the material to be received by the screw (6), and there is connection between the intake aperture (80) and the aperture (8),where the housing (16) is divided into two spatially separate chambers (40, 41), or there are two spatially separate chambers (40, 41), of which the frontal chamber (40), lying further upstream, has the intake aperture (80), and the rearward chamber (41), lying further downstream, has at least one degassing aperture (42) for the escape of gases, and also an exit aperture (43) for the cleaned and degassed melt,where the two chambers (40, 41) are connected with one another through at least one channel (44) in which there is at least one melt filter (45) through which the melt passes,and where each degassing aperture (42), viewed in the direction of conveying of the extruder (5), is sited downstream, after an inlet opening (46) of each channel (44) into the rearward chamber (41), and upstream, before the exit aperture (43),whereinthe imaginary continuation of the central longitudinal axis (15) of the extruder (5) or of the screw (6) closest to the intake aperture (80), in a direction opposite to the direction (17) of conveying of the extruder (5), passes, and does not intersect, the axis (10) of rotation, there being, on the outflow side or in the direction (12) of rotation or of movement of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3), an offset distance (18) between the longitudinal axis (15) of the extruder (5) or of the screw (6) closest to the intake aperture (80), and a radius (11) of the container (1) that is parallel to the longitudinal axis (15) and that proceeds outwards from the axis (10) of rotation of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) in the direction (17) of conveying of the extruder (5),and wherein the length (L) of the screw (6) in the frontal chamber (40), measured from the intake aperture (80) edge (20′) situated downstream in the direction of conveying of the screw (6), to an outlet opening (47), formed in the housing (16), of the channel (44) which is situated furthest upstream and which leads to the melt filter (45), is in a range from 10 to 40 times, the nominal diameter (d) of the screw (6),and wherein the distance from the opening (46) of the channel (44) into the rearward chamber (41) to the degassing aperture (42) situated furthest upstream is in a range from 1.5 to 15 times, the nominal diameter (d) of the screw (6). 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein downstream, after the opening (46) of the channel (44) into the rearward chamber (41) and before the degassing aperture (42) situated furthest upstream, there is a homogenizing unit (48) connected for homogenizing the filtered melt, or wherein this region the screw (6) has a flight geometry which brings about homogenization of the melt, the melt being subjected to intense shearing stress and stretching stress and being highly accelerated. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the homogenizing unit (48), or wherein the screw (6), has a section which is situated upstream and with which the melt is subjected to shearing, and has a further section, situated downstream thereof, with which the melt is mixed. 4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the container (1), the extruder (5), the chambers (40, 41), the melt filter or filters (45), the homogenizing unit (48) and the degassing aperture or apertures (42) are disposed axially in series or lie on a common longitudinal axis (15) or lie around a common longitudinal axis (15). 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the two chambers (40, 41) are separated by a back-conveying thread (49) provided on the periphery of the screw (6). 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the outlet opening (47) and the inlet opening (46) of the channel (44) open out and in, respectively, immediately before and after the back-conveying thread (49), respectively. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein between the inlet opening (46) of the channel (44) into the rearward chamber (41) and the degassing aperture (42) that is situated furthest upstream, the screw is designed with a decompressing action or has a flight geometry which produces an unpressurized zone extending up to degassing apertures (42). 8. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, for an extruder (5) in connection with the container (1), a scalar product of a direction vector that is associated with a direction (19) of rotation and that is tangential to the circle described by the radially outermost point of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) or that is tangential to the plastics material transported past the aperture (8) and that is normal to a radius (11) of the container (1), and that points in a direction (12) of rotation or of movement of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3), and of a direction vector (17) that is associated with a direction of conveying of the extruder (5) at each individual point or in the entire region of the aperture (8) or immediately radially in front of the aperture (8) is zero or negative. 9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an angle (α) included between a direction vector that is associated with a direction (19) of rotation of the radially outermost point of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) and a direction vector (17) that is associated with the direction of conveying of the extruder (5) is greater than or equal to 90° and smaller than or equal to 180°, measured at the point of intersection of the two direction vectors (17, 19) at the inflow-side edge that is associated with the aperture (8) and that is situated upstream in relation to the direction (12) of rotation or of movement of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) at the point (20) that is on the said edge or on the aperture (8) and is situated furthest upstream. 10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an angle (β) included between a direction vector (19) that is associated with a direction (12) of rotation or of movement of the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) and a direction vector (17) that is associated with a direction of conveying of the extruder (5) is from 170° to 180°, measured at the point of intersection of the two direction vectors (17, 19) in the middle of the aperture (8). 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the offset distance (18) is greater than or equal to half of an internal diameter of the housing (16) of the extruder (5) or of the screw (6), and/or greater than or equal to 7% of the radius of the container (1), or wherein the offset distance (18) is greater than or equal to the radius of the container (1). 12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the imaginary continuation of the longitudinal axis (15) of the extruder (5) in a direction opposite to the direction of conveying is arranged in the manner of a secant in relation to the cross section of the container (1), and, at least in sections, passes through the space within the container (1). 13. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the extruder (5) is attached tangentially to the container (1) or runs tangentially in relation to the cross section of the container (1), or wherein the longitudinal axis (15) of the extruder (5) or of the screw (6) or the longitudinal axis of the screw (6) closest to the intake aperture (80) runs tangentially with respect to the inner side of the side wall (9) of the container (1), or the inner wall of the housing (16) does so, or an enveloping end of the screw (6) does so, where there is a drive connected to the end (7) of the screw (6), and that the screw provides conveying, at its opposite end, to a discharge aperture. 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the discharge aperture includes an extruder head arranged at the end of the housing (16). 15. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein there is immediate and direct connection between the aperture (8) and the intake aperture (80), without substantial separation. 16. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixing and/or comminution implement (3) comprises implements and/or blades (14) which, in a direction (12) of rotation or of movement, have a comminuting, cutting and heating effect on the plastics material, where the implements and/or blades (14) are arranged or formed on or at a rotatable implement carrier (13) which is a carrier disc (13) and which is arranged parallel to a basal surface (2) of the container (1). 17. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a manner of formation, set-up, curvature and/or arrangement of the frontal regions or frontal edges (22) that are associated with the mixing and/or comminution implements (3) or with the blades (14), act on the plastics material and point in a direction (12) of rotation or of movement, differs when comparison is made with the regions that, in the direction (12) of rotation or of movement, are at the rear or behind. 18. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the container (1) is in essence cylindrical with circular cross section and with a level basal surface (2) and with, orientated vertically in relation thereto, a side wall (9) which has the shape of the jacket of a cylinder, and/or the axis (10) of rotation of the mixing and/or comminution implements (3) coincides with the central axis of the container (1), and/or the axis (10) of rotation or the central axis are orientated vertically and/or normally in relation to the basal surface (2). 19. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a lowest implement carrier (13) or a lowest of the mixing and/or comminution implements (3) and/or the aperture (8) are arranged close to the base at a small distance from a basal surface (2) of the container (1), in the region of the lowest quarter of the height of the container (1), at a distance of from 10 mm to 400 mm from the basal surface (2) of the container (1). 20. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the extruder (5) is a single-screw extruder (6) with a single compression screw (6). 21. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein there is immediate and direct connection between the aperture (8) and the intake aperture (80), without a transfer section or a conveying screw. 22. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the length (L) of the screw (6) in the frontal chamber (40), measured from the intake aperture (80) edge (20′) situated downstream in the direction of conveying of the screw (6), to the outlet opening (47), formed in the housing (16), of the channel (44) which is situated furthest upstream and which leads to the melt filter (45) is 15 to 30 times the nominal diameter (d) of the screw (6). 23. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the offset distance (18) is greater than or equal to 20% of the radius of the container (1), or wherein the offset distance (18) is greater than or equal to the radius of the container (1). 24. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the opening (46) of the channel (44) into the rearward chamber (41) to the degassing aperture (42) situated furthest upstream is 3 to 12 times the nominal diameter (d) of the screw (6).
Bacher, Helmut; Schulz, Helmuth; Wendelin, Georg, Apparatus for pre-treatment and subsequent plastification or agglomeration of synthetic plastic materials.
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